Losses in urban green spaces due to population increase and urbanization became one of the most important problems in contemporary cities. Efforts to increase green zones require the establishment of ...parks and extension of planting activities in urban areas. The planting work conducted on streets, roads, avenues, and traffic islands is significant in the development of urban green spaces. Determination of the plant species that would be used in planting work and assessment of these species by experts and authorities based on scientific approaches are significant for the success of these efforts. In the present study, the issue of plant selection criteria for roadside planting was investigated with a hybrid decision-making approach based on landscape architects’ perspectives. To solve the plant selection problem of decision-makers and to obtain reliable quantitative data, a set of criteria that included 5 main and 41 sub-variables was determined. Pairwise comparison technique was used by experts for evaluation of the involved criteria. The study findings revealed that the “structural criteria” were the most effective main factor in plant selection for roadside planting, followed by the “economic and ecological” criteria. Furthermore, it was determined that the growth length and diameter of the plants (10.2%), selection of indigenous species that reflect the urban identity (7.30%), and the climatic requirements of the plants (7.20%) were the sub-criteria that should be considered in selection of the plants. In conclusion, it was determined that quantitative assessment of plant selection decisions would help planting design decisions on roadside planting.
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•LiCl solutions in an ionic liquid and in water were investigated thermodynamically.•Densities and speeds of sound were measured for these systems.•Apparent molar volumes and ...isentropic compressions were calculated.•Apparent molar isobaric expansions at infinite dilution were derived.•Results were interpreted in terms of LiCl-ionic liquid and LiCl-water interactions.
Densities and speeds of sound for LiCl in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (bmimBF4) and in water were accurately measured as a function of concentration at five temperatures from 288.15K to 308.15K. Apparent molar volumes and isentropic compressions were calculated from the measured density and speed of sound data. Infinite dilution values of these derived thermodynamic properties were obtained by a suitable extrapolation procedure. The temperature dependence of apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution was also examined. The results were discussed in terms of interactions between LiCl and bmimBF4 in comparison with those between LiCl and water.
Asbestos is a mineral with unique physical and chemical properties that make it highly resistant to heat, fire, and corrosion. Nevertheless, exposure to asbestos fibers has been linked to serious ...health problems, including lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis. Despite the ban on asbestos usage, asbestos-related diseases are still a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Analyzing the mineralogical features and fiber analysis of asbestos in biological materials is critical for scenarios where an asbestos exposure history cannot be obtained, a clinical diagnosis cannot be made, or legal aspects necessitate further investigation. This review outlines the mineralogical features and fiber analysis techniques of asbestos in biological materials.
In this work, highly monodispersed palladium-nickel (Pd-Ni) nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were synthesized by the microwave-assisted methodology. The synthesized ...nanoparticles were used for modification of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to produce our final product as PdNi@rGO/GCE, which were utilized for non-enzymatic detecting of glucose. In the present study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), chronoamperometry (CA) and, cyclic voltammetry (CV) methods were implemented to investigate the sensing performance of the developed glucose electrode. The modified electrode, PdNi@rGO/GCE, exhibited very noticeable results with a linear working range of 0.05-1.1 mM. Moreover, an ultralow detection limit of 0.15 μM was achieved. According to the results of amperometric signals of the electrodes, no significant change was observed, even after 250 h of operation period. In addition, the highly monodisperse PdNi@rGO/GCE was utilized to electrochemical detection of glucose in real serum samples. In light of the results, PdNi@rGO/GCE has shown an excellent sensing performance and can be used successfully in serum samples for glucose detection and it is suitable for practical and clinical applications.
The use of artificial intelligence technologies (AIT) in medicine is increasing worldwide. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the experiences, opinions, and future expectations of medical ...oncologists on artificial intelligence (AI). After the reliability and validity analyses were carried out by a pilot study, the main online questionnaire was sent to the members of the “Turkish Society of Medical Oncology” mail group by an invitation e-mail. The anonymized responses of the participants were analyzed. The median age of the 156 participants was 36 (34–43) years and half (51%) were male. Most (45%) were fellows. Forty-six percent were working in university hospitals, 56% were visiting 20–40 patients a day. Medical oncologists’ view of AIT was mostly positive (78%). However, some (especially women) had doubts about the reliability of AI (44%) and the establishment of its ethical/legal basis (49%). Sixty-five percent of the participants had no/superficial knowledge about AI. More than half (55%) had never used AI-based applications in their academic or clinical work. However, unlike now, 80% of the participants believed that they would use AIT frequently in their practice in the future and it would be beneficial. The most anticipated (81%) benefit was real-time information processing and real-time access to big data. Sixty-two percent believed that information about AI should be in the education curriculum. The vast majority of respondents (79%) thought that AI would not completely replace medical oncologists in the future. Some differences were found in the perception and experience of oncologists according to age, gender, title, and the number of patients examined per day. About AI, the general opinion of medical oncologists was positive, but their level of knowledge and use was low. However, they thought they would use it frequently in future and needed training.
Background
As a result of technological developments in healthcare services, telemedicine is becoming widespread. We aimed to determine the effect of COVID-19 on Turkish medical oncologists’ opinions ...of telemedicine through a survey.
Methods
This study was conducted using an online questionnaire linked to an invitation e-mail sent to the members of the Turkish Medical Oncology Association mailing group between May and July 2020.
Results
Of the 110 (73 males and 37 females) medical oncologists who answered the questionnaire, the average age was 43.9 ± 7.29 (range: 31–64) years, and the majority of the respondents were academics. The most commonly used telemedicine method was store and forward (69.7%). Telemedicine use during clinical visits and multidisciplinary councils increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic (
p
< 0.001 in both cases).
Conclusion
The use of telemedicine increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the pandemic has led oncologists to view telemedicine more positively.
Objective
Myositis, an inflammatory disease affecting muscles, is a rare and potentially fatal immune-related adverse event associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. There are limited data on its ...clinical features and management.
Case presentation
Atezolizumab, in combination with etoposide and carboplatin, was initiated in the patient diagnosed with metastatic small-cell lung cancer. After four cycles, maintenance atezolizumab was initiated. At the third visit of the maintenance therapy, the patient reported weakness, edema, and tightness in the muscles that had progressed over the course of a week. Mild solid-food dysphagia was also observed. Neutrophilic leukocytosis with elevated creatine phosphokinase (9234 U/L), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (111 mm/h), and transaminase levels were observed. A diagnosis of myositis was considered based on clinical findings. Atezolizumab was omitted and an oral 0.5 mg/kg/day dose of methylprednisolone was administered. The myositis resolved within 10 days. During the treatment of myositis, the patient underwent prophylactic cranial irradiation. The steroid dose was tapered off within 35 days and then atezolizumab was restarted.
Conclusion
The literature contains only a few case reports about atezolizumab-induced myositis, highlighting the challenges in defining its clinical features and management. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent severe complications, such as myocarditis or respiratory muscle paralysis.
Abstract Electroencephalography (EEG)-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems for emotion recognition have the potential to assist the enrichment of human–computer interaction with implicit ...information since they can enable understanding of the cognitive and emotional activities of humans. Therefore, these systems have become an important research topic today. This study aims to present trends and gaps on this topic by performing a systematic literature review based on the 216 published scientific literature gathered from various databases including ACM, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science from 2016 to 2020. This review gives an overview of all the components of EEG based BCI system from the signal stimulus module which includes the employed device, signal stimuli, and data processing modality, to the signal processing module which includes signal acquisition, pre-processing, feature extraction, feature selection, classification algorithms, and performance evaluation. Thus, this study provides an overview of all components of an EEG-based BCI system for emotion recognition and examines the available evidence in a clear, concise, and systematic way. In addition, the findings are aimed to inform researchers about the issues on what are research trends and the gaps in this field and guide them in their research directions.
A series of 3-aryl coumarin derivatives and 3-phenylazo-4-hydroxycoumarin were evaluated for their monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B inhibitory activity and selectivity by fluorometric enzymological ...assays. Among 21 coumarin derivatives, compound
21
(3-phenylazo-4-hydroxycoumarin) displayed a good inhibitory activity (0.12 ± 0.02 µM) and very high selectivity for MAO-B (SI > 833.33). The inhibition was determined as mixed-type and not time-dependent. Docking studies, molecular dynamics and molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) calculations were performed to elucidate
in vitro
results. Our results reveal that the insertion of an azo linker between coumarin and phenyl rings in 3-arylcoumarins enhances MAO-B selectivity enormously since such a linker leads to the perfect alignment of the coumarin ring in the aromatic cage and the phenyl ring in the entrance cavity of MAO-B active site. Hydrogen bond interactions with Cys172 in the active site entrance of MAO-B also contributes to the remarkably higher inhibitory activity and selectivity for MAO-B.
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