Solanum nigrum is a traditional Indian plant acclaimed for its medicinal properties since antiquity. Among all plant parts fruit berries have shown to be most pharmacologically active part. In the ...present investigation, we tried to characterize the bioactive principles of chloroform fraction of S. nigrum (CFSn) fruit berries using GC-MS analysis. We could identify 29 compounds belonging to different chemical classes viz. alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, phytosterols, proteins, phenolic compounds, and saponins. More specifically, we found two novel phenolic compounds, benzoiisovanillin and syringic acid (4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxybenzoic acid), which may be responsible for its pharmacological properties. Our phytochemical investigation of CFSn was well supported by its total phenolic content and antioxidant activity which we evaluated subsequently. Further, we investigated the anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) as well. Our in vitro results indicated that CFSn exhibited significant antiproliferative activity against both these cell lines and due induction of cancer cell death through apoptosis. Our study emphasizes the need for isolation and characterization of specific bioactive compounds of CFSn and determination of their mechanism of action responsible for its anticancer activity in breast cancer cells.
This paper presents the fabrication and photovoltaic performance of new architecture based planar heterojunction CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells which were employed with two hole transport layers ...(PEDOT:PSS as HTL1 and CuPc as HTL2). The reported solar cells were fabricated through various deposition techniques such as sputtering, thermal evaporation, spin coating and characterized by FESEM, AFM, XPS, UPS and AM 1.5 solar simulator. The interfacial layer growth and chemical state identification of the deposited thin films were studied by cross-sectional FESEM and XPS techniques. The band bending occurs between absorbing and transporting layer helps to inject the excited charge carriers effectively into electrode that was explained using UPS analysis. The present work intends to explain the role of additional window layer (TiO2), buffer layer (CdS) and hole transporting layers (PEDOT:PSS and CuPc) in the novel device architecture. Further, these findings will offer new research directions to address the double hole transport (back contact) layers selection concept in CdS/CdTe heterojunction based solar cells.
A novel series of 2-(5-alkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3H-benzofchromen-3-ones (4a-e) have been evaluated for analgesic, antibacterial and antiviral activities. Analgesic activity was carried out using ...acetic acid-induced writhing method in Swiss albino male mice. The antibacterial activity was performed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical strains by agar well diffusion method. The in vitro antiviral activity was carried out against camelpox and buffalopox viruses. The analgesic activity exhibited by the compounds 4a, 4c and 4d were found to be more significant compared to the standard. The bacterial activity was determined by the inhibition of growth of the organism by the drugs at different concentrations. All the compounds showed significant activity when compared with the drug ciprofloxacin. The in vitro antiviral activity of the compound 4b tested against camelpox and buffalopox viruses revealed no activity when tested at concentrations of 250 μg. The compound 4b did not alter the titres of both the viruses and the titres remain, respectively, 10 6.5 TCID 50 and 10 6.74 TCID 50 per ml for camelpox vaccine virus and buffalopox vaccine virus. However, the compounds 4a-e showed significant analgesic and antibacterial activities.
The ethanol extract of
Rivea hypocrateriformis was administered orally at the dose levels of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight to adult albino rats and resulted in an irregular estrous cycle with ...shortened estrus and metestrus, and with lengthened proestrus in non-dose dependent manner. Significant decreases in number of graffian follicles and corpora lutea and significant increases in number of atretic follicles in treated rats during experimental period indicated the antiovulatory effect of the extract. Increases in the weight of the uterus, its thickness and diameter indicated the uterotrophic effect of the extract. The significant increase in the level of cholesterol in the tissues of treated rats indicated the inhibition of steroidogenesis of cholesterol by ovarian endocrine tissues. Restoration of normal estrous cycles after withdrawal of treatment indicate the reversible effect of ethanol extract in rats.
In this paper, we present simulation studies on the formation of water microdroplets in mineral oil in a T-junction Microfluidics device. We have studied the droplet generation in two different ...regimes, viz., squeezing and squeezing to dripping transition regime. The effect of fluid flow rates, and surfactant concentration on the droplet generation has been investigated. It is seen that a rise in the concentration of surfactant by 4%, increases the frequency of droplet generation by 16% at the higher capillary number (C
a
= 0.02), whereas, there is only a marginal or no change in the case of squeezing regime (C
a
= 0.0028–0.008). We have also studied the trapping of the generated microdroplets in microwells. It is observed that the trapping of the droplet is highly influenced by the viscous drag force, droplet length, the surface energy of the droplet, droplet speed, depth of the Well for trapping and alignment of the two plates constituting the device. Our studies reveal that the droplets travelling faster than a critical trapping velocity do not get trapped in the Well. Addition of a surfactant to the mineral oil is seen to lead to a significant reduction in the critical velocity for the droplet trapping. Trapping of droplets travelling at velocities close to the critical velocity for trapping depends strongly on the alignment of the two plats of the Slip-Chip device.
•A series of novel tetrazolo fused quinoline bridged isatin molecules were designed and synthesised.•Drugability of TQI (1-8) molecules were screened via in silico Pharmacokinetic study.•Greater ...interaction and affinity of TQI (1-8) molecules with COX-2 observed in docking study.•Cytotoxicity evaluation on MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer cell line.•TQI (1-8) molecules can be considered as potential leads for next level evaluation.
Human pancreatic carcinoma is known for its aggressiveness, low survival rate, and attractive target for anticancer evaluation. To target pancreatic cancer, new anticancer scaffolds are necessary. Hence, biodynamically potent tetrazole fused quinoline bridged isatin molecules (TQI) were considered for design and further synthesized. As a preliminary step, in silico pharmacokinetic properties were screened, followed by molecular docking against cyclooxygenase-2 (PDB ID:1CX2). The TQI (1-8) molecules were found to be drugable, in silico and docking results of compounds TQI1, TQI2, TQI6, and TQI7 were found to have higher binding affinity (-9.5 to -10.8 kcal/mol) and also greater interaction with the active site; HIS207 residue of COX-2. As a result of the influx of in silico evaluation, synthesis was carried out and characterized by spectroscopic techniques like FTIR, LCMS and NMR. The in vitro cytotoxicity study of TQI1, TQI2, TQI6, and TQI7 molecules shows a 60.17±3.12 µM, 74.49±3.45 µM, 93.63±4.10 µM, and 93.63±4.10 µM IC50 against the MIA PaCa-2 cancer cell line. The results suggest that they can be considered as potential leads for next level evaluation.
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The Large Hadron–Electron Collider at the HL-LHC Aksakal, H; Alekhin, S; Allport, P P ...
Journal of physics. G, Nuclear and particle physics,
11/2021, Letnik:
48, Številka:
11
Journal Article
A novel series of 2-(5-alkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3H-benzofchromen-3-ones (4a-e) have been evaluated for analgesic, antibacterial and antiviral activities. Analgesic activity was carried out using ...acetic acid-induced writhing method in Swiss albino male mice. The antibacterial activity was performed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical strains by agar well diffusion method. The in vitro antiviral activity was carried out against camelpox and buffalopox viruses. The analgesic activity exhibited by the compounds 4a, 4c and 4d were found to be more significant compared to the standard. The bacterial activity was determined by the inhibition of growth of the organism by the drugs at different concentrations. All the compounds showed significant activity when compared with the drug ciprofloxacin. The in vitro antiviral activity of the compound 4b tested against camelpox and buffalopox viruses revealed no activity when tested at concentrations of 250 μg. The compound 4b did not alter the titres of both the viruses and the titres remain, respectively, 10(6.5) TCID50 and 10(6.74) TCID50 per ml for camelpox vaccine virus and buffalopox vaccine virus. However, the compounds 4a-e showed significant analgesic and antibacterial activities.
We report the characterization and theoretical simulation of long period gratings fabricated using electric arc discharge in two different fibers namely, SMF-28 (
Δ=0.0036) and DSF (
Δ=0.009). We ...show that this technique can efficiently fabricate gratings with required strength of coupling on both fiber types by choosing appropriate arc current and duration of the arc. We compare the transmission spectra of the fabricated gratings to the theoretically simulated plots and find the equivalent refractive index modulation created in the grating. Unlike the case of UV-induced gratings, the resonance wavelength in these gratings depends only on the period and is independent of the arc current that is controlled to achieve different refractive index modulations. Thus this technique enables easy and independent control of the fiber parameters.
Microencapsulation of ghee flavor extract (GFE) using emulsions of whey protein concentrate (WPC‐80) (15% to 22% w/w) and guar gum (GG) (0.1% to 0.5% w/w) was investigated upon spray drying to ...produce low fat and cholesterol‐free ghee flavor enriched powder. The effectiveness of the encapsulation was analyzed in terms of encapsulation efficiency (EE), solubility index (SI), and flavor retention (FR) of the encapsulated ghee flavorants. An emulsion with a combination of 15% GFE, 15.76% WPC‐80, and 0.1% GG could achieve the maximum EE (53.2%), SI (81.464%), and FR of δ‐dodecalactone (66.38%) and δ‐tetradecalactone (78.33%). The mean particle size of the powder was 124.4 nm with a span value of 0.945. The Carr's index (CI) and Hausner ratio (HR) of the powder were 17.65% and 1.21, respectively, suggesting that the powder had good flowability. The microparticles were spherical and the glass transition temperature value ranged from 247.8 to 249.4°C.
Practical applications
Isolation and encapsulation of volatile flavor compounds (flavorants) from ghee—a fat‐rich heat desiccated milk product—for the development of low fat and cholesterol‐free food products would be a novel approach to provide the flavor of ghee to people who cannot consume it owing to health constraints. An understanding of both the functionality and flavor of the powder would help better use of the powder while developing food formulations. Besides, ghee flavorants such δ‐dodecalactone and δ‐tetradecalactone enriched powder would form a novel dairy ingredient in dairy, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
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