The
L
p
Busemann–Petty centroid inequality states that if
K
is a compact domain in Euclidean space
R
n
, then, for
p
≥
1
,
vol
(
Γ
p
K
)
≥
vol
(
K
)
,
with equality if and only if
K
is an ellipsoid ...centered at the origin. We extend it to hyperbolic and spherical spaces, as well as general measure spaces.
Applying the technique of p-adic integration, we prove the topological mirror symmetry conjecture of Hausel-Thaddeus for the moduli spaces of (strongly) parabolic Higgs bundles for the structure ...groups SLn and PGLn, building on previous work of Groechenig-Wyss-Ziegler on the non-parabolic case. We also prove the E-polynomial of the smooth moduli space of parabolic GLn-Higgs bundles is independent of the degree of the underlying vector bundles.
Abstract
We prove a version of the tamely ramified geometric Langlands correspondence in positive characteristic for $GL_{n}(k)$, where $k$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p> n$. ...Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve over $k$ with marked points, and fix a parabolic subgroup of $GL_{n}(k)$ at each marked point. We denote by $\operatorname{Bun}_{n,P}$ the moduli stack of (quasi-)parabolic vector bundles on $X$, and by $\mathcal{L}oc_{n,P}$ the moduli stack of parabolic flat connections such that the residue is nilpotent with respect to the parabolic reduction at each marked point. We construct an equivalence between the bounded derived category $D^{b}(\operatorname{QCoh}({\mathcal{L}oc_{n,P}^{0}}))$ of quasi-coherent sheaves on an open substack $\mathcal{L}oc_{n,P}^{0}\subset \mathcal{L}oc_{n,P}$, and the bounded derived category $D^{b}(\mathcal{D}^{0}_{{\operatorname{Bun}}_{n,P}}\operatorname{-mod})$ of $\mathcal{D}^{0}_{{\operatorname{Bun}}_{n,P}}$-modules, where $\mathcal{D}^{0}_{\operatorname{Bun}_{n,P}}$ is a localization of $\mathcal{D}_{\operatorname{Bun}_{n,P}}$ the sheaf of crystalline differential operators on $\operatorname{Bun}_{n,P}$. Thus, we extend the work of Bezrukavnikov–Braverman
8 to the tamely ramified case. We also prove a correspondence between flat connections on $X$ with regular singularities and meromorphic Higgs bundles on the Frobenius twist $X^{(1)}$ of $X$ with first-order poles.
Background With the widespread use of computed tomography (CT), the detection rate of pulmonary nodules in children has gradually increased. Due to the lack of epidemiological evidence and clinical ...guideline on pulmonary nodule treatment in children, we aimed to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and management of pediatirc pulmonary nodules. Methods This retrospective study collected consecutive cases from April 2012 to July 2021 in the Shanghai Children’s Medical Center. The sample included children with pulmonary nodules on chest CT scans and met the inclusion criteria. All patients were categorized into tumor and non-tumor groups by pre-CT clinical diagnosis. Nodule characteristics between groups were analyzed. To establish a clinical assessment model for the benign versus malignant pulmonary nodules, patients who have been followed-up for three months were detected and a decision tree model for nodule malignancy prediction was constructed and validated. Results The sample comprised 1341 patients with an average age of 7.2 ± 4.6 years. More than half of them (51.7%) were diagnosed with malignancies before CT scan. 48.3% were diagnosed with non-tumor diseases or healthy. Compared to non-tumor group, children with tumor were more likely to have multiple nodules in both lungs, with larger size and often be accompanied by osteolytic or mass lesions. Based on the decision tree model, patients’ history of malignancies, nodules diameter size≥5mm, and specific nodule distribution (multiple in both lungs, multiple in the right lung or solitary in the upper or middle right lobe) were important potential predictors for malignity. In the validation set, sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 0.855, 0.833 and 0.828 (95%CI: 0.712-0.909), respectively. Conclusion This study conducted a clinical assessment model to differentiate benignity and malignancy of pediatric pulmonary nodules. We suggested that a nodule’s diameter, distribution and patient’s history of malignancies are predictable factors in benign or malignant determination.
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are often disturbed by speckle noise, making SAR image interpretation tasks more difficult. Therefore, speckle suppression becomes a pre-processing step. In ...recent years, approaches based on convolutional neural network (CNN) achieved good results in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images despeckling. However, these CNN-based SAR images despeckling approaches usually require large computational resources, especially in the case of huge training data. In this paper, we proposed a SAR image despeckling method using a CNN platform with a new learnable spatial activation function, which required significantly fewer network parameters without incurring any degradation in performance over the state-of-the-art despeckling methods. Specifically, we redefined the rectified linear units (ReLU) function by adding a convolutional kernel to obtain the weight map of each pixel, making the activation function learnable. Meanwhile, we designed several experiments to demonstrate the advantages of our method. In total, 400 images from Google Earth comprising various scenes were selected as a training set in addition to 10 Google Earth images including athletic field, buildings, beach, and bridges as a test set, which achieved good despeckling effects in both visual and index results (peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR): 26.37 ± 2.68 and structural similarity index (SSIM): 0.83 ± 0.07 for different speckle noise levels). Extensive experiments were performed on synthetic and real SAR images to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which proved to have a superior despeckling effect and higher ENL magnitudes than the existing methods. Our method was applied to coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, and conifer broad-leaved mixed forest and proved to have a good despeckling effect (PSNR: 23.84 ± 1.09 and SSIM: 0.79 ± 0.02). Our method presents a robust framework inspired by the deep learning technology that realizes the speckle noise suppression for various remote sensing images.
The automated fare collection (AFC) system has gained increasing popularity among transit systems worldwide. The AFC system is usually an entry-only system that only records the serial number of the ...smart card and the transaction time of each use. Neither the AFC data nor the bus global positioning system (GPS) could reveal the passenger’s alighting information, namely, alighting time and station. Hence, the station-to-station origin-destination (OD) trip information cannot be obtained directly from the available data sources. To address this problem, this paper proposes a methodology that estimates the OD matrix by using smart card and GPS data. In this paper, the characteristics of the basic data sources are first analyzed, based on which the bus arrival time is generated using the density-based clustering algorithm and a time correction strategy, based on which the passenger’s boarding station is identified. The alighting stations are inferred based on the characteristics of bus trip chaining, which could identify over 80% of the alighting stations on average. Finally, the proposed methodology is verified by a comprehensive field survey in Suzhou, China, with 100% sample rate.
Our understanding of breast cancer in very young women (≤35 years old) remains limited. We aimed to assess the clinicopathological characteristics, molecular subtype, and treatment distribution and ...prognosis of these young patients compared with patients over 35 years.
We retrospectively analyzed non-metastatic female breast cancer cases treated at three Chinese academic hospitals between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2018. Local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between different age groups and stratified with distinct molecular subtypes.
A total of 11,671 women were eligible for the final analyses, and 1,207 women (10.3%) were ≤35 years at disease onset. Very young breast cancer women were more likely to be single or childless, have higher-grade disease, have more probability of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in tumor and triple-negative subtype, and be treated by lumpectomy, chemotherapy especially more anthracycline- and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy, endocrine therapy plus ovarian function suppression (OFS), anti-HER2 therapy, and/or radiotherapy than older women (
< 0.05 for all). Very young women had the lowest 5-year LRFS and DFS among all age groups (
< 0.001 for all). When stratified by molecular subtype, very young women had the worst outcomes vs. women from the 35~50-year-old group or those from >50-year-old group for hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) subtype, including LRFS, DFS, and OS (
< 0.05 for all). In terms of LRFS and DFS, multivariate analyses showed similar results among the different age groups.
Our study demonstrated that very young women with breast cancer had higher-grade tumors, more probability of LVI in tumor, and more triple-negative subtype, when compared with older patients. They had less favorable survival outcomes, especially for patients with the HR+/HER2- subtype.
Many-lined sun skink (
Eutropis multifasciata
) is a medium sized viviparous scincid lizard. Insufficient molecular markers have limited the effective conservation and management of
E. multifasciata
.... In the present study, 28 novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were developed from the transcriptome dataset of
E. multifasciata
using SNaPshot method. The minor allele frequency ranged from 0.117 to 0.483. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.167 to 0.567 and from 0.210 to 0.508, respectively. Polymorphic information content ranged from 0.185 to 0.375. None of the loci deviated significantly from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and no significant linkage disequilibrium was found. Those polymorphic SNP markers will be helpful for the further studies on population structure and conservation genetics in
E. multifasciata.
Objective
This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate nursing college students’ mentally-passive and mentally-active sedentary time (M-PAST) in China.
Methods
An initial ...M-PAST questionnaire with mentally-passive and mentally-active sedentary behaviors was developed with content validity undertaken through a consensus panel and pilot test where a convenience sample of six nursing students was recruited to assess the relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility of the refined questionnaire after expert panelists’ responses. A cross-sectional online survey using a self-reported questionnaire was distributed to nursing students by email and then conducted using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess the construct validity of the M-PAST questionnaire and factor structures. Finally, the criterion validity was examined by exploring the associations between the M-PAST and the IPAQ sitting time, psychological distress, and insomnia.
Results
Eight items regarding learning and leisure were included in the final version of the M-PAST questionnaire. A group of 650 nursing college students in China completed the study. Principal component analysis revealed two factors (i.e., mentally-passive and mentally-active sedentary behaviors), which explained 41.98% of the variance contributing to the questionnaire. The CFA reached the adaptive standard. Cronbach’s
α
ranged from 0.730 to 0.742. The correlations between M-PAST and IPAQ total sitting time were significant (
p
< 0.01,
r
= 0.125–0.396). Mentally-passive sedentary time was associated with psychological distress and insomnia (
p
< 0.01,
r
= 0.078–0.163), while no significant associations were found in mentally-active sedentary behaviors.
Conclusion and implications for practice
The M-PAST questionnaire appears to be a reliable and valid tool that reported both mentally-passive and mentally-active sedentary behaviors in nursing college students in China. However, future studies may need to further examine its validity among international nursing college students. This study further confirmed that mentally-passive sedentary behavior was positively associated with psychological distress and insomnia. Effective strategies are needed to reduce nursing college students’ mentally-passive sedentary time to improve their health and wellbeing in China.
The bubble size distribution, location distribution, and gas holdup in a gas–liquid–solid flow three-phase stirred tank were numerically simulated by the Eulerian–Eulerian method and the population ...balance model (PBM). The Euler–Euler method combined with the PBM model included the influence of bubble aggregation and fragmentation on the interfacial force, which can better predict the bubble size distribution and phase holdups. The simulation results show that there are some differences in the fluid morphology and gas dispersion characteristics in the stirred tank under different rotating speeds. With the increase of rotating speed, the content of small-diameter bubbles increases obviously, and they are mainly concentrated in areas with higher speeds. The higher the rotational speed, the more the bubbles with small diameters, but the content of bubbles with large diameters is less affected by the rotational speed. Small-size bubbles mainly exist in the region of high fluid velocity, while large-size bubbles mainly exist in the region of low hydrostatic pressure. Compared with the change of the bubble content at different speeds, the content of bubbles with diameters of 0.50–1.90 mm is largest at 2000 rpm, while the content of bubbles with diameters of 2.65–10.09 mm is largest at 1500 rpm. The simulation work has certain guiding significance for the research and development of the forced mineralization device and the understanding of the dispersion characteristics of bubbles in the stirred tank.
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