The recognition of Holarctic species, those shared between Nearctic and Palaearctic regions, often implies continuous or recent events of gene flow across the 85-km-wide Bering Strait between Alaska ...and Russia. During the Pleistocene (2.8–0.012 Mya), the Bering land bridge has provided frequent episodes of continuous, tundra habitat across this barrier, while the taiga forests of the northern hemisphere has been separated for much longer, at least 5.4 Mya. This more ancient divergence has led to allopatric speciation in nearly all forest-specialized organisms, including all tree species, and casts doubt on the taxonomic validity of the few subcortical beetle species that are considered to be Holarctic. Here we test the apparent Holarctic distribution of one such species, the morphologically variable rove beetle
Quedionuchus plagiatus
. Drawing upon morphological and molecular evidence, including morphometric analysis of male genitalia and phylogenetic and cluster analyses of DNA barcodes, we demonstrate that species-level diversity has been greatly underestimated in this lineage and conclude that none of its members are Holarctic. We propose complete allopatric divergence across Beringia in obligate forest beetles and discuss the role of biological constraints as barriers to Holarctic geneflow. We describe
Quedionuchus caucasicus
Brunke, sp. nov.,
Q. deceptor
Brunke sp. nov.,
Quedionuchus gilaensis
Brunke sp. nov., and
Quedionuchus yunnanensis
Brunke sp. nov.; revalidate
Quedionuchus glaber
(O. Müller) and
Quedionuchus longipennis
(Mannerheim); and propose the following:
Quedius longipennis
Mannerheim, 1846 =
Quedius rufipennis
Mäklin, 1853 syn. nov. (previous synonym of
Q. plagiatus
Mannerheim);
Staphylinus glaber
O. Müller, 1776 =
Quedius planatus
Sharp, 1884 syn. nov.
Abstract
Body modification is a blanket term for tattooing, piercing, scarring, cutting, and other forms of bodily alteration generally associated with fashion, identity, or cultural markings. Body ...modifications like tattooing and piercing have become so common in industrialised regions of the world that what were once viewed as marks of abnormality are now considered normal. However, the psychological motivations for body modification practices are still being investigated regarding deviance or risky behaviours, contributing to a sense in the academic literature that body modifications are both normal and deviant. We explored this inconsistency by conducting a scoping review of the psychological literature on body modifications under the assumption that the psychological and psychiatric disciplines set the standard for related research. We searched for articles in available online databases and retained those published in psychology journals or interdisciplinary journals where at least one author is affiliated with a Psychology or Psychiatry programme (
N
= 94). We coded and tabulated the articles thematically, identifying five categories and ten subcategories. The most common category frames body modifications in general terms of risk, but other categories include health, identity, credibility/employability, and fashion/attractiveness. Trends in psychology studies seem to follow the shifting emphasis in the discipline from a clinical orientation regarding normality and abnormality to more complex social psychological approaches.
Carbon nanopearls have been found to form on a Si substrate when grown at 850°C, using the chemical vapor deposition process (CVD). An acetylene carbon source and a Ni catalyst are the main ...ingredients for this procedure. The nickel was prepared and deposited on the substrate in two ways: (1) sonication and dispersion in a methanol solution, and (2) reduction of size via a reverse-micelle technique with a supercritical fluid deposition technique. The resulting carbon nanopearls were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). These tools enabled us to observe the structure, size, and absorption. Characterization of the carbon nanopearls is imperative for understanding of the structure and properties of these nanomaterials.
The full data set of the NEMO-3 experiment has been used to measure the half-life of the two-neutrino double beta decay of Formula omittedMo to the ground state of Formula omittedRu, Formula omitted ...year. The two-electron energy sum, single electron energy spectra and distribution of the angle between the electrons are presented with an unprecedented statistics of Formula omitted events and a signal-to-background ratio of Formula omitted 80. Clear evidence for the Single State Dominance model is found for this nuclear transition. Limits on Majoron emitting neutrinoless double beta decay modes with spectral indices of Formula omitted, as well as constraints on Lorentz invariance violation and on the bosonic neutrino contribution to the two-neutrino double beta decay mode are obtained.
The NEMO-3 results for the double-
β
decay of
150
Nd to the 0
1
+
and 2
1
+
excited states of
150
Sm are reported. The data recorded during 5.25 year with 36.6 g of the isotope
150
Nd are used in the ...analysis. The signal of the
2
ν
β
β
transition to the 0
1
+
excited state is detected with a statistical significance exceeding 5
σ
. The half-life is measured to be
T
1
/
2
2
ν
β
β
(
0
1
+
)
=
1
.
11
-
0.14
+
0.19
stat
-
0.15
+
0.17
syst
×
10
20
year, which is the most precise value that has been measured to date. 90% confidence-level limits are set for the other decay modes. For the
2
ν
β
β
decay to the 2
1
+
level the limit is
T
1
/
2
2
ν
β
β
(
2
1
+
)
>
2.42
×
10
20
year
. The limits on the
0
ν
β
β
decay to the 0
1
+
and 2
1
+
levels of
150
Sm are significantly improved to
T
1
/
2
0
ν
β
β
(
0
1
+
)
>
1.36
×
10
22
year
and
T
1
/
2
0
ν
β
β
(
2
1
+
)
>
1.26
×
10
22
year
.
Abstract The NEMO-3 results for the double- $$\beta $$ β decay of $$^{150}$$ 150 Nd to the 0 $$^+_1$$ 1 + and 2 $$^+_1$$ 1 + excited states of $$^{150}$$ 150 Sm are reported. The data recorded during ...5.25 year with 36.6 g of the isotope $$^{150}$$ 150 Nd are used in the analysis. The signal of the $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β transition to the 0 $$^+_1$$ 1 + excited state is detected with a statistical significance exceeding 5 $$\sigma $$ σ . The half-life is measured to be $$T_{1/2}^{2\nu \beta \beta }(0^+_1) = \left 1.11 ^{+0.19}_{-0.14} \,\left( \hbox {stat}\right) ^{+0.17}_{-0.15}\,\left( \hbox {syst}\right) \right \times 10^{20}$$ T 1 / 2 2 ν β β ( 0 1 + ) = 1 . 11 - 0.14 + 0.19 stat - 0.15 + 0.17 syst × 10 20 year, which is the most precise value that has been measured to date. 90% confidence-level limits are set for the other decay modes. For the $$2\nu \beta \beta $$ 2 ν β β decay to the 2 $$^+_1$$ 1 + level the limit is $$T^{2\nu \beta \beta }_{1/2}(2^+_1) > 2.42 \times 10^{20}~\hbox {year}$$ T 1 / 2 2 ν β β ( 2 1 + ) > 2.42 × 10 20 year . The limits on the $$0\nu \beta \beta $$ 0 ν β β decay to the 0 $$^+_1$$ 1 + and 2 $$^+_1$$ 1 + levels of $$^{150}$$ 150 Sm are significantly improved to $$T_{1/2}^{0\nu \beta \beta }(0^+_1) > 1.36 \times 10^{22}~\hbox {year}$$ T 1 / 2 0 ν β β ( 0 1 + ) > 1.36 × 10 22 year and $$T_{1/2}^{0\nu \beta \beta }(2^+_1) > 1.26 \times 10^{22}~\hbox {year}$$ T 1 / 2 0 ν β β ( 2 1 + ) > 1.26 × 10 22 year .
Calorimeter development for the SuperNEMO double beta decay experiment Barabash, A.S.; Basharina-Freshville, A.; Blot, S. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2017, Letnik:
868, Številka:
C
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
SuperNEMO is a double-β decay experiment, which will employ the successful tracker–calorimeter technique used in the recently completed NEMO-3 experiment. SuperNEMO will implement 100 kg of double-β ...decay isotope, reaching a sensitivity to the neutrinoless double-β decay (0νββ) half-life of the order of 1026 yr, corresponding to a Majorana neutrino mass of 50–100 meV. One of the main goals and challenges of the SuperNEMO detector development programme has been to reach a calorimeter energy resolution, ΔE∕E, around 3%∕E(MeV)σ, or 7%∕E(MeV) FWHM (full width at half maximum), using a calorimeter composed of large volume plastic scintillator blocks coupled to photomultiplier tubes. We describe the R&D programme and the final design of the SuperNEMO calorimeter that has met this challenging goal.
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