As fundamental data, gross domestic product (GDP) and electricity consumption can be used to effectively evaluate economic status and living standards of residents. Some scholars have estimated ...gridded GDP and electricity consumption. However, such gridded data have shortcomings, including overestimating real GDP growth, ignoring the heterogeneity of the spatiotemporal dynamics of the grid, and limited time-span. Simultaneously, the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) and National Polar-orbiting Partnership's Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer (NPP/VIIRS) nighttime light data, adopted in these studies as a proxy tool, still facing shortcomings, such as imperfect matching results, discontinuity in temporal and spatial changes. In this study, we employed a series of methods, such as a particle swarm optimization-back propagation (PSO-BP) algorithm, to unify the scales of DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS images and obtain continuous 1 km × 1 km gridded nighttime light data during 1992-2019. Subsequently, from a revised real growth perspective, we employed a top-down method to calculate global 1 km × 1 km gridded revised real GDP and electricity consumption during 1992-2019 based on our calibrated nighttime light data.
With the implementation of the strategic policy and the construction of Wanjiang demonstration area recently, the government cares more about the natural environment. To protect the environment of ...this demonstration area, a quantitative analysis of environmental efficiency and its influencing factors is needed. In this paper, we measure the environmental efficiency of the demonstration area, and then analyze the total factor productivity of the area by Malmquist productivity index through data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. Through the index and its decomposition, we are able to reveal the changing trend of the environmental efficiency. Moreover, we apply Bayesian estimation approach to analyze the influencing factors of the efficiency and discuss the relationship between these factors and the environmental efficiency. Results show that the efficiency of Wanjiang demonstration area bares a significant difference among constituent cities. Each area should devise proper environmental policy according to its particular circumstance.
•Literature has mainly focused on antecedents and indicators for SCP implementation.•The theoretical model is firmly grounded on institutional and agency theories.•Our results indicate the role of ...top management commitment as a mediator between institutional pressures and SCP implementation and the role of beliefs as shaping the commitment of top managers towards implementation.•We further suggest that top management participation plays a significant role in quality information sharing information sharing, which is important in reducing behavioural uncertainty among stakeholders.
There has been increasing interest from both academics and practitioners in sustainable consumption and production (SCP) behaviour. The literature has mainly focused on antecedents and indicators for SCP behaviour, but scholars are yet to develop frameworks that provide insights into SCP behaviour. To address this gap, this paper develops a theoretical model grounded in institutional and agency theories that explicates the role of top management beliefs and participation when dealing with institutional pressures that impact upon SCP behaviour by facilitating information sharing and reducing behavioural uncertainty. Based on a sample of 167 responses from a survey with Indian organizations, we test the model using partial least squared regression-based structural equation modelling (PLSR SEM). Our results indicate the role of top management commitment as a mediator between institutional pressures and SCP behaviour and the role of beliefs as shaping the commitment of top managers towards strengthening SCP behaviour. We further suggest that participation plays a significant role in quality information sharing, which is important in reducing behavioural uncertainty among stakeholders. Finally we outline our research limitations and further research directions.
With a rapid growth rate of economic development in China, air pollution has attained to an extremely high level. Consequently, air pollution has become a pressing challenge facing Chinese ...authorities. To control air pollution, a variety of economic instruments (such as Pigou tax and Coase means) as well as command and control means (such as environmental regulation, etc.) have been adopted. As one of China's important energy resources bases, Shanxi Province is also one of the most polluted regions. Therefore, the adapted air pollution control policies and its influence in Shanxi Province is representative for China. With this regard, a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is constructed to evaluate the effects of air pollution control tools including SO2 taxation, clean technical progress (CTP) and energy efficient (EE) improvement, etc. and their socioeconomic impacts on Shanxi province. The results indicate that, in a variety of scenarios, SO2 taxation combining with technical progress can effectively control air pollution, improve energy consumption structure, and do not exert remarkable negative impact on economic performance. Additionally, significant synergistic effects of CO2 and PM2.5 emission reduction and energy rebound effect are found as well.
•A dynamic CGE model is built to simulate the socioeconomic effects of air pollution control policies in Shanxi province.•The control for SO2 will trigger an ancillary effect on CO2 and PM2.5 reduction as well.•GDP loss is quite minor for all scenarios compared to the baseline.•Higher fossil energy prices occur in the cases where SO2 taxation is endogenous.•Technological progress and energy efficiency improvement could lead to energy rebound effect.
Forest resources are vital to the development of green economics. Given the booming development of China's forestry industry and its ambitious reforestation efforts in the developing world, this ...paper is the first to use the output distance function to synthetically consider the economic and ecological outputs of China's forestry industry, and discuss its productive efficiency with a stochastic frontier model. Control and environmental variables are incorporated to capture heterogeneity in China's forestry industry, which helps us get an unbiased estimation. The empirical results show that there was no obvious efficiency disparity among China's economic regions except Northeastern China, and the state-owned forestry structure has a significantly negative effect on productive efficiency in China's forestry industry. Moreover, provinces with poor productive performance in the forestry industry such as Inner-Mongolia, Heilongjiang, and Hebei have been identified and their individual characteristics regarding productive efficiency have also been analyzed. The findings in this paper have targeted and practical implications for the development of China's forest green economy.
Purpose
Technical progress is an important technique within improving China’s comparative advantages, as new and renewable technologies will be beneficial for energy security. Productive technical ...progress and green technical innovation are necessary to improve working conditions and productivity of industries. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study technical progress in China under such harsh competitive circumstances, as well as types of technical progress that can be promoted, productive technical progress or green technology progress, and how technical progress will affect China’s competitive advantages.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors perform a multi-index multi-factor constitutive model based on a sample of 468 Chinese industries, and divide the industries into four categories.
Findings
The results indicate that there is a “U”-shape relationship between green technology progress and comparative advantages and an inverted “U”-shape relationship between the intensity of market competition and comparative advantages.
Research limitations/implications
China has crossed the inflection point of the “U”-shaped curve. This, coupled with the slowing of economic growth, demonstrates the need for advocating green technology in China to decrease the pollutant discharge. Establishing Chinese national brands within overseas markets and earning a profit through the downstream of production chain enhance China’s international competitiveness.
Originality/value
One of the most original findings of this paper points out that China is faced with a situation in which exports are severely decreased and domestic environment pollution is increased. Vigorous promotion of green technology progress, improvement of the quality and the technical content of exported products, the establishment of national brand within the overseas market, as well as enhancement of China’s international competitiveness, is needed.
Air pollution control is crucial for promoting the modernization of governance systems and efficiency. To address the subjective contrived factors and errors in the gross domestic product (GDP) data ...in traditional statistical almanacs, our study aims to construct a panel data model of 287 prefecture-level cities for the period from 1998–2016 (using objective nighttime light data). We also used government work report words related to environmental regulation to characterize the constraints of government environmental regulations. For this purpose, we used instrumental variables (to explore the relationship and interaction between air pollution and economic growth) and a model setting, with which we carried out regression analysis and robustness tests; the findings were validated using a transmission mechanism hypothesis. We found that that economic growth and air pollution positively influence each other and government environmental regulations significantly reduce air pollution. We also found that to achieve high economic development, environmental pollution must be controlled to avoid further damage to human and material capital. Furthermore, government environmental regulations can help improve the environmental comfort level and economic development quality.
Green product innovation represented by information and communication technology (ICT) refers to an environmental production mode with innovation as the main carrier. As a key means to achieve the ...coordinated development of environmental protection and economic development, green product innovation is still in the lead-in period in China; since it is difficult to achieve rapid development only by relying on market forces, it needs government intervention and regulation. To guide the development of the green product innovation industry, this study analyzes the effect of environmental regulation and R&D tax incentives on green product innovation from a disciplinary and incentive perspective. Data from 30 regions in China from 2009 to 2017 are used. First, a panel model is proposed for the analysis of the entire country to determine the relationships among environmental regulation, R&D tax preferential policies, and green product innovation. Due to the regional differences in industrial structure and economic development level in the various regions of China, to enhance the accuracy of the research results, the inflection points of environmental regulations in different provinces are analyzed. The research results show a U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and green product innovation, that is, given the increasing intensity of environmental regulation, its effect will gradually change from inhibition to promotion. Currently, most provinces in China are close to the inflection point of environmental regulation, meaning the regulation level needs to be further improved. Further, R&D tax incentives play a significant role in promoting green product innovation. The results not only identify the determinants of green product innovation but also provide a theoretical and decision-making framework for the industrial development and promotion of green product innovation in China.
Maintaining steady economic growth while considering environmental protection and achieving high-efficiency energy utilization is a challenge that China is' increasingly facing in the new normal. ...This study employs the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis and spatial econometric model to analyze energy utilization efficiency against the backdrop of environmental constraints. It uses China's inter-provincial panel data from 2007 to 2017 to examine the impact of green finance on high-efficiency utilization of energy. China's energy efficiency utilization shows an upward trend overall, but the utilization level is low. Energy efficiency utilization levels in the east, middle, and west show a declining gradient change. Green credit, credit scale, environmental regulation, technological progress, and industrial structure have a significant role in promoting high-efficiency utilization of energy. China's regional high-efficiency utilization of energy has an apparent spatial effect. Green credit, environmental regulation, technological progress, and industrial structure have a certain influence on the regional high-efficiency utilization of energy, but the influence of the credit scale is not apparent. Therefore, from the perspective of environmental constraints, green credit has a positive impact on high-efficiency utilization of energy in China.
•Super-efficiency data envelopment analysis and spatial econometric model are used.•Green credit is an important tool for green finance.•China's energy efficiency utilization is low, but on the rise.•Green credit has a significant role in promoting high-efficiency utilization of energy.•China's regional high-efficiency utilization of energy has an apparent spatial effect.
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