The main objective of this paper is to analyze the causal relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), exports, and economic growth in the Republic of Croatia for the period 2000-2020 and ...determine the implications of research results on corporate management. The management of the investment enterprise is usually interested in high returns, whereas the management of the recipient enterprise is interested in higher productivity, spillovers, and larger market share on domestic and international markets. Several methodological approaches, including unit root tests, cointegration tests, and Granger causality test, were used to assess the relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate, on the one side, and the share of FDI and total exports of goods and services in real GDP, on the other side. The results of cointegration tests indicated there is no long-term relationship between the real GDP growth rate, the share of FDI, and the share of exports of goods and services in real GDP. Based on the Granger causality test, it cannot be concluded that there is no causal relationship between the analysed variables. Finally, the paper discusses the implications of the conducted research for corporate management. The results indicate that managers are not discouraged by the fact that FDI is not correlated to economic growth, as investment decisions are determined by numerous factors and not primarily by the growth rate of a recipient country.
Managerial economics, with its specificity, provides a special insight into the management of private health care institutions. According to the sources of the Financial Agency (FINA) and the ...national classification of activities (8622 and 8610), the observed industry in the Republic of Croatia in 2020 contains 675 entities, out of which 9 are in special private hospitals (8610), and others are in specialist medical practice (8622). The effectiveness of managers in conditions of uncertainty and increased risk is reflected in the availability of information and their experience in similar situations. Precisely the lack of information that was present at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic indicates the effective strategic thinking of managers (owners) of the observed institutions who responded in a timely manner to market needs in these conditions. In doing so, they acted as a substitute for specialist health care because it was not able to provide adequate service to the required extent. Key words: managerial economics, private health care, COVID-19 pandemic, company, market structure
This paper explored the temporary facilities created during the pandemic for use as COVID-19 test centers at Zaventem Airport, the main airport for the city of Brussels, Belgium. The possibilities of ...modular construction technology and the impact of the building envelope on users’ perception of indoor space comfort and privacy were closely observed. The three main problem statements were as follows: (1) the COVID-19 crisis indirectly influenced the creation of temporary modular buildings with glass envelopes; (2) the modular envelope is adaptable to the existing context; and (3) the envelope meets the needs of the users. This study’s objectives were to identify the critical factors for users’ well-being in temporary modular buildings, and to conduct factor comparisons among different users and between different building-enclosure systems. The study data were collected through a subjective assessment using a SWOT analysis and a survey questionnaire. The glass facade affected the users’ acceptance levels of comfort and privacy. The main results show that the users were satisfied with the level of comfort and dissatisfied with the level of privacy. This information can be used to identify areas for improvement and provide useful feedback to designers and engineers about specific design features and operating strategies for temporary modular emergency healthcare buildings.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the market shares of private labels in the European Union and on the global market, and to compare the results of the analysis with the level of presence of ...private labels on the Croatian market. Moreover, through the application of macro and microeconomic tools, the author tried to estimate the future trends of private labels in Croatia.For the purpose of the paper secondary and primary data was used in the research. Relevant scientific and professional literature of local and foreign authors was analyzed. In addition, a few recent research studies were analyzed and their results compared. Field research has been conducted by the survey method, with 225 respondents included in the intentional sample.The main hypothesis of the paper based on research is that, in total sales, private labels are gaining a growing share in all markets, regardless of the development level of those markets. Alongside the main hypothesis of the work, three supporting hypotheses were tested to see which private labels are a good alternative to other brands on the world market. Private labels are generally developed on generic products. The third supporting hypothesis starts from the assumption that the investments in the promotion of private labels are negligible, resulting in lower prices of thoseproducts. The results of research and analyses in the work indicate that the position of private labels will strengthen internationally, as part of the process of liberalization and globalization of trade flows. In the process of purchase of private labels the positioning of the point of sale and price have an increasing contribution. With the concentration of commerce in chain stores, the share of private labels grows, approaching a half of the total sales in some countries. Considering the Croatian market, according to the international product life cycle theory, the share of private labels in the total sales will grow in the future with the expansion of the national chain stores.
Ekonomske krize tijekom povijesti često su bile poticaj za zdravstvene i socijalne reforme.
Rezultat toga bilo je uvođenje sustava opće zdravstvene zaštite i socijalne jednakosti u velikom
broju ...zemalja. Ovim radom željeli smo kronološki prikazati velike gospodarske krize
i njihove učinke na zdravstveni i socijalni sustav. Dva najpoznatija modela zdravstvene
zaštite, Bismarckov i Beveridgeov, na kojima se temelji funkcioniranje većine zdravstvenih
sustava u svijetu, upravo su proizišli iz velikih ekonomskih kriza.
Pregled povijesnih događaja i iskustva iz prošlosti mogu biti korisna u predviđanju budućih
zbivanja i učinaka krize na zdravstvene sustave i zdravlje. Analiza prijašnjih kriza, kao i
trenutačne zdravstvene i gospodarske krize uzrokovane pandemijom bolesti COVID-19, i
njihova učinka na sustav zdravstva može pomoći u razumijevanju mehanizama djelovanja
i posljedica recesije na zdravlje te određivanju smjernica i promjena kojima bi se umanjile
potencijalne štete budućih kriza. Upravo iz iznesenih povijesnih primjera vidi se da kriza
može biti poticaj promjena koje u svojoj suštini ne moraju biti negativne. O reakciji društva
ovisi koji će biti smjer tih promjena i na samom je društvu da negativne okolnosti koje donosi
recesija transformira u aktivnosti koje donose dobrobit i napredak.
Economic crises throughout history have often given an impetus for health and social reforms leading to the introduction of general healthcare systems and social equality in a large number of ...countries. The aim of this paper is to present the major economic crises and their effect on healthcare and social system chronologically. Bismarck's and Beveridge's model, the two most prominent healthcare models, which emerged primarily as a response to major economic crises, constitute the basis for the functioning of most health care systems in the world. An overview of historical events and experiences may be valuable in predicting future developments and potential effects of the crisis on healthcare systems and health in general. An analysis of past crises as well as current health and economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the healthcare system can facilitate the comprehension of the mechanisms of action and consequences of economic recession. It may also help identify guidelines and changes that might reduce the potential damage caused by future crises. The historical examples presented show that a crisis could trigger changes, which, in theiressence, are not necessarily negative. The response of society as a whole determines the direction of these changes, and it is up to society to transform the negative circumstances brought about by the recession into activities that contribute to general well-being and progress.
Dividend Policies and Business Groups: the Case of Croatia Sopta, Martina; Mikić, Mihaela; Horvatinović, Tin
Zagreb International Review of Economics & Business,
03/2019, Letnik:
22, Številka:
1
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
There are two competing hypothesizes on whether firms that are part of a business group should pay higher or lower dividends. Under one hypothesis, that can have different theoretical assumptions, ...firms that are a part of a business group should pay higher dividends. In contrast, if the pecking order hypothesis holds, firms that operate within a business group should pay lower dividends. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of group affiliation of Croatian firms, which are listed on the Zagreb Stock Exchange, on their propensity to pay dividends. Two panel data models were used in line with recent literature and the results of the study show some evidence that the pecking order theory was followed by Croatian firms. From this result the conclusion is that Croatian firms are more likely to pay dividends if they are not part of a business group.
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