The research was conducted on a sample including 166 participants - students of 'Combined Technical High School" of male sex from Travnik, who attended physical education classes regularly during the ...school year. In the research five variables were used to assess morphological status and nine variables to assess motor status of the participants according to the Eurofit Fitness Test Battery. The main aim of the research was to determine quantitative changes in morphological and motor status of secondary school students during one school year under the impact of programme content of regular physical education classes through a longitudinal study. Quantitative changes in morphological and motor status and analysis of differences between the initial and final measurements were determined by analysis of changes under the model of differences and SSDIF analysis (Bonacin, 2004). A hypothetical measurement matrix was defined by projecting the measurement data, and explicating a set of linear shifts on the association matrix resulted in obtaining structural vector describing quantitative changes, while taking into account relations of the initial variables. Results of the SSDIF analysis indicate that a one-year curriculum of physical education has caused statistically significant changes at global level (p = 0.0000) in both investigated areas, but the changes that have occurred are mild and without dramatic changes. Significant quantitative changes in the motor space occurred in body height and weight, and in the triceps skinfold, as well as in the following variables in the motor space: running 10×5 m (sideways), lifting the trunk from the lying on back position and the hand dynamometry, and the biggest and most statistically significant global quantitative changes occurred in the 20 m test run sideways with progressive acceleration (ŠATL20 0.8439). Key words: quantitative changes, morphological characteristics, motor skills, Physical and Health Culture Analiza kvantitativnih promjena morfološko-motoričkih obilježja učenika srednje škole pod uticajem redovne nastave tjelesnog odgoja Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku ispitanika koji je obuhvatio 166 ispitanika - učenika „Mješovite srednje tehničke škole“ muškog spola iz Travnika koji su u toku školske godine redovno pohađali nastavu tjelesnog odgoja. U istraživanju je primijenjeno 5 varijabli za procjenu morfološkog statusa i 9 varijabli za procjenu motoričkog statusa ispitanika prema programu Eurofit baterije testova. Osnovni cilj istraživanja bio je da se longitudinalnom studijom u trajanju jedne školske godine utvrde kvantitativne promjene morfološkog i motoričkog statusa učenika srednje škole pod utjecajem programskih sadržaja redovne nastave tjelesnog odgoja. Kvantitativne promjene morfološkog i motoričkog statusa i analiza razlika između inicijalnog i finalnog mjerenja utvrđeni su analizom promjena pod modelom razlika i SSDIF analizom (Bonacin, 2004). Projekcijom podataka mjerenja definisana je hipotetska matrica mjerenja, a eksplikacijom skupa linearnih pomaka na matricu asocijacije dolazi se do strukturnog vektora koji opisuje kvantitativne promjene, uvažavajući relacije inicijalnih varijabli. Rezultati SSDIF analize ukazuju da je jednogodišnji nastavni program tjelesnog odgoja izazvao statistički značajne promjene na globalnom nivou (p = 0.0000) u oba istraživana prostora, ali su nastale promjene blage i bez dramatičnih promjena. Do statistički značajnih kvantitativnih promjena u motoričkom prostoru došlo je u tjelesnoj visini i težini, te kožnom naboru tricepsa, a u motoričkom prostoru u varijablama: trčanje 10×5 m (tamo-ovamo), dizanje trupa iz ležanja na leđima i dinamometrija šake, a najveće i statistički najznačajnije globalne kvantitativne promjene desile su se u testu trčanje na 20 m tamo - ovamo sa progresivnim ubrzavanjem (ŠATL20 0.8439). Ključne riječi: kvantitativne promjene, morfološke odlike, motoričke spsosobnosti, tjelesna i zdravstvena kultura
Empirical transversal study was conducted with the aim of checking the validity of the questionnaire for measuring the quality of services in a dance club. The research sample consisted of a total of ...194 respondents, users of the services of the Dance Club “Gemma” Banja Luka (active members). Subsampling was performed through two research areas: (1) in relation to gender (M = 31; F = 163) and (2) in relation to the user experience-length of training in the club (up to 1 year; from 1 to 3 years; from 3 to 7 years; more than 7 years). As a research instrument, a modified questionnaire SQKC (Service Quality of Karate Club) was used to assess the quality of services in the karate club, which in this case was used as a scale for individual assessment of the quality of sports services in the dance club and consists of 15 indicators of sports services. Respondents expressed their assessment by rounding off the numbers on a five-point Likert-type scale. The results obtained by surveying the respondents show that the club provides high quality services (average score 4.16). Discriminant analysis found that user experience and gender did not affect the perception of the quality of sports services. When identifying the internal agreement of the scale used, it was determined that the scale has good internal agreement (Cronbach’s Alpha =, 932), which indicates its good metric characteristics. The questionnaire used should also be checked at other dance clubs, and the good metric characteristics of the SQDC (Service Quality of Dance Club) questionnaire are expected to prove reliable.
The research was conducted on a sample of 266 respondents of preschool age, aged 4-6 years of both sexes in Preschool Institution “Zvjezdica” Banja Luka. Out of the total number of respondents, the ...male population consisted of 137 respondents, while female population consisted of 129 respondents. Disorders of the knee joint, X - legs, O - legs and hyperextension of the legs were used to assess the presence of lower extremity deformities. The main goal of the research was to determine the actual state of frequency and structure of lower extremity deformities in preschool subjects in relation to gender and age. The frequencies and structure of deformities of the lower extremities are shown in tabular relation to the sex and age of the subjects. The results of the research indicate a slightly higher frequency of lower extremity deformities in boys compared to girls, and the highest frequency of presence was found in subjects of both sexes aged 4 years, and slightly lower in subjects aged 5 years. It is surprising that the presence of deformities was not determined in subjects of both sexes aged 6 years. However, these results also oblige us to be careful and constantly and continuously monitor the postural status of children in order to timely identify physical disorders and take adequate activities in preventive and corrective work. The obtained results should initiate activities in order to timely diagnose, control and undertake effective programs of corrective exercise in preschool children.
Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 120 ispitanika-učenika Mješovite srednje tehničke škole u Travniku, uzrasne dobi 15 do 16 godina. Svi učenici koji su predstavljali uzorak ispitanika redovno su ...pohađali nastavu tjelesnog i zdravstvenog odgoja u toku školske godine, bez izraženih motoričkih i psihičkih aberacija. U istraživanju je primijenjena Eurofit baterija motoričkih testova, definisanih kao prediktorski skup varijabli i skup od dvanaest varijabli za procjenu usvojenosti specifičnih struktura kretanja u sportskim igrama svedenih na prvu glavnu komponentu, definisanih kao kriterij.Osnovni cilj istraživanja bio je utvrđivanje statističke značajnosti i veličina relativnih uticaja Eurofit baterije motoričkih testova, kao prediktora na nivo usvojenosti specifičnih struktura kretanja u sportskim igrama, definisanih kao kriterij. Za utvrđivanje statističke značajnosti i veličine relativnih uticaja Eurofit baterije motoričkih testova na nivo usvojenosti specifičnih struktura kretanja u sportskim igrama (košarka, rukomet, odbojka i nogomet) svedenih na prvu glavnu komponentu primijenjena je linearna regresiona analiza. Rezultati regresione analize ukazuju na visok prognostički kvalitet Eurofit baterije motoričkih testova na kvalitet realizacije specifičnih struktura kretanja u sportskim igrama (košarka, rukomet, odbojka i nogomet), a najznačajniji prognostičke kvalitete ostvarili su testovi snage u svim njenim manifestacijama, testovi segmentarne brzine, testovi agilnosti i opšte izdržljivosti.Dobijeni rezultati mogu biti od koristi izvođačima nastave tjelesnog i zdravstvenog odgoja kao dobra osnova kvalitetnijeg programiranja nastavnih sadržaja sportskih igara, odabira nastavnih sredstava, praćenja i kontrole efekata nastavnih sadržaja na antropološki status učenika, kao i objektivnog vrednovanja i ocjenjivanja postignutih rezultata u nastavnom procesu.
A 15-item questionnaire for assessment of stress was applied on a sample of 332 students (age from 19 to 27, 184 males and 148 females). It has been found that over 40% of students have elevated ...stress levels. The empirical results significantly deviated from the normal distribution. Two groups of participants stood out; the greater group had very elevated levels of stress, while the smaller group had very low average values. When answering questions related to stress, respondents evaluated three elements of lifestyle: the quantity and quality of everyday physical activity, subjective feeling of health and regularity of health checks. Results show that students are not active enough physically and that they rarely check their health. The analysis of variance showed that the highest level of stress is present in students who rated themselves as passive sports lovers, while athletes, amateurs and unexpectedly those who are anti-sports expressed significantly lower levels of stress. Significantly higher levels of stress were present in students who rated their health as poor, while respondents who regularly check their health had the lowest level of stress. Men had higher levels of stress than women.
The aim of the research is to determine whether there are gender differences between younger school-age children, and whether those differences within the sub-sample are influenced by the state of ...mass and motor skills. The whole sample included 285 respondents age 7.27±0.43, of which 144 boys (50.52%), and 141 girls (49.48%) who attended the first grade on the territory of the Province of Vojvodina (Republic of Serbia). The Eurofit battery of tests was used. The research results show that the prevalence of children with severe thinness in the whole sample is low 3.87%; children with normal mass 65.26%; pre-obese children only 18.59% and obese children only 12.28%, so that gender differences in motor skills considering the whole sample, apart from the mass, are between average values for boys considering explosive strength of the lower extremities, repetitive strength of the body and agility. Statistically significant differences within the sub-sample considering motor abilities were seen neither in boys nor in girls of different mass. The research findings show that there is significant percentage of children with normal mass and that the flow of their mass is within their growth and development. Their motor development within the sub-sample also flows equally, and gender differences are present because of differentiation of motor skills, which appears in this period. The authors think that greater differences and variables in respect to mass and motor activities are to be seen in the period of pre-puberty.
The research was conducted on a sample of 36 participants, students of the dance club “Gemma” from Banja Luka, divided as 18 dance couples (18 boys and 18 girls). The research includes participants ...of masculine and feminine genders, between 12 and 13 years of age that belong to the category of young juniors according to the categorisation of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Dance Association. The research validated metric characteristics of tests for assessment of coordination skills of the whole body and specific coordination skills in rhythm.The main objective of the research was to determine metric characteristics of measuring instruments (tests) for assessment of coordination skills of young juniors in dance.Based on the calculated metric characteristics of measuring instruments (tests) for assessment of coordination skills, it can be stated that almost all the tests assessing coordination skills have very good metric characteristics, because reliability coefficients are quite high and they range from 0.93 to 0.99. Given the high-quality structures of correlation matrices of items and their projection on the first principal component, it can be stated that all items of each measurement belong to one manifesting common space which indicates that the tests measured what they were intended to measure. Based on the results obtained in this research, the recommendation is to use the applied tests for the purposes of diagnosing coordination skills in dance, as well as for programming the training process of dancers.
The objective of the present research was to determine whether aerobic capacity of fourteen-year-old girls is higher than that of ten-year-old girls. The research aimed to establish if the level of ...cardio respiratory fitness in girls decreases with age, and if their overall physical activity also decreases. A low level of cardio respiratory fitness from an early age has been confirmed in a number of studies, and it has been highly correlated with a sedentary lifestyle. Research participants were 94 fourth and eighth grade primary school girls. The variables were anthropometric measures for body height, body weight, waist circumference, and hips circumference. All the measurements were done in accordance with the International Biological Program (IBP). Body fat percentage (BF%) was also measured with the Omron (Type BF511, Japan). A multistage 20m shuttle run test was used to obtain the values for aerobic capacity, and PAQ-C questionnaire was used to estimate the level of physical activity. The results indicate that only 5% of female students meet the recommendations for physical activity while 83% engage in moderate physical activity. Statistically significant differences were determined for the variables used to estimate the aerobic capacity, with ten-year-old girls (p=0.00) having better aerobic capacity than the fourteen-year-old girls. Furthermore, ten-year-old girls were found to be significantly more physically active (p=0.00). The results of the correlation test between the aerobic capacity (VO2 max) and the overall physical activity (PA) indicate significant positive correlation (r = 0.42; p = 0.00). Girls who do not engage in physical activity at least for the recommended 60 minutes need to be directed towards various forms of healthy lifestyle with a special emphasis on everyday physical exercise that may increase their aerobic capacity.
The research was conducted on a sample of 166 students of „Secondary Technical School Travnik”, first and second malegrade who regularly attended elementary education during the 2016/2017 school ...year. A total of 15 variables were used in the research to assess the level of motor skills (three variables for assessing the motor skills of basketball, volleyball, handball, volleyball and athletics).The main aim of the research was to determine the quantitative changes of the motor skills of secondary school students through the longitudinal study in one school year duration under the influence of the program contents of regular physical education. Quantitative changes in motor skills and analysis of differences between initial and final measurements were determined by analysis of changes under the difference model and SSDIF analysis (Bonacin, 2004). By projecting measurement data, a hypothetical measurement matrix is defined, and by explicating the set of linear displacements on the association matrix, a structural vector is described describing quantitative changes, taking into account the relations of initial variables.The results of the SSDIF analysis indicate that a one-year curriculum of physical education has caused statistically significant changes in motor skills at the global level (p = 0.000). According to the results of the quantitative global changes, they are not particularly significant and extend across a whole set of analyzed variables. The greater the number of variables that contribute to these quantitative changes, but the contributions of some variables to the discriminating function are relatively small, which means that the effects produced are mild, without dramatic changes, and virtually all variables contribute positively.
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