Aims
To identify and synthesize evidence on the use of action research methods in mental health nursing care.
Design
Systematic review.
Data Sources
CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus ...databases were searched in January 2021.
Review Methods
Data were selected using the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis framework. Two reviewers independently conducted the study selection, and quality appraisal using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research, data extraction and data analysis procedures.
Results
Sixteen studies, half of which used participatory action research, were included in this review. Nurses, along with other stakeholders, were an active part of the action research process. The main topics of interest addressed were categorized as improving the adoption of a person‐centred approach to care and improving decision‐making procedures. The use of action research helped the participants to identify the meaning they attached to the topic of interest to be improved. Moreover, this method helped to identify needs and strategies for improving care. The studies concurred that the use of action research enabled participants to gain awareness, improve attitudes and acquire knowledge. In addition, it enabled participants to gain confidence and security in the group context, as key aspects of their empowerment.
Conclusion
This review shows the usefulness of action research in any mental health nursing context, contributing to the improvement of care at both the individual and collective levels.
Impact
This paper demonstrates the use of the action research method in the field of mental health nursing. Its use has improved the clinical practice of nurses as well as that of teams in both community and hospital settings, addressing issues of the person‐centred approach to care and decision‐making procedures.
Purpose
To examine how evidence about the therapeutic alliance gleaned from participatory action project affected the level of this alliance and the degree of empathy of psychiatric nurses.
Design ...and Methods
Quasi‐experimental study in two psychiatric units. In one group, evidence‐based practices that affected the therapeutic alliance were implemented; in the comparison group, there was no such intervention.
Findings
The nurses from the intervention group improved their degree of empathy and factors such as agreement on objectives and tasks with the patient.
Practice Implications
The results confirm the possibility of measuring and improving the therapeutic relationship in psychiatric care.
To study the significance of ‘therapeutic relationship’ between nurses and patients within the context of a psychiatric hospital.
Narrative literature review. Content analysis.
The significance of ...the therapeutic relationship is quite similar for both nurses and patients in psychiatric hospital units. Nevertheless, several factors may separate the two positions: the time available for the relationship, the negative perceptions on the part of both parties, and the insecurity of the setting.
Increased knowledge and understanding of the significance of the therapeutic relationship from the perspective of nurses and patients would allow the strengthening of areas of mutual interest.
Psychiatric nurses are aware of the importance of the therapeutic relationship in psychiatric units. Nevertheless, a review of the scientific evidence indicates that theoretical knowledge alone is ...insufficient to establish an adequate therapeutic alliance. Therefore, strategies are required to promote changes to enhance the establishment of the working relationship. The aims of the study are to generate changes in how nurses establish the therapeutic relationship in acute psychiatric units, based on participative action research and to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of evidence through this method.
The study will use a mixed method design. Qualitative methodology, through participative action research, will be employed to implement scientific evidence on the therapeutic relationship. A quasi-experimental, one-group, pre-test/post-test design will also be used to quantitatively measure the effectiveness of the implementation of the evidence. Participants will consist of nurses and patients from two psychiatric units in Barcelona. Nurses will be selected by theoretical sampling, and patients assigned to each nurses will be selected by consecutive sampling. Qualitative data will be gathered through discussion groups and field diaries. Quantitative data will be collected through the Working Alliance Inventory and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. Qualitative data will be analysed through the technique of content analysis and quantitative data through descriptive and inferential statistics.
This study will help to understand the process of change in a nursing team working in an inpatient psychiatric ward and will allow nurses to generate knowledge, identify difficulties, and establish strategies to implement change, as well as to assess whether the quality of the care they provide shows a qualitative improvement.
Papillomaviruses (PVs) are widespread pathogens. However, the extent of PV infections in bats remains largely unknown. This work represents the first comprehensive study of PVs in Iberian bats. We ...identified four novel PVs in the mucosa of free-ranging Eptesicus serotinus (EserPV1, EserPV2, and EserPV3) and Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (RferPV1) individuals and analyzed their phylogenetic relationships within the viral family. We further assessed their prevalence in different populations of E. serotinus and its close relative E. isabellinus. Although it is frequent to read that PVs co-evolve with their host, that PVs are highly species-specific, and that PVs do not usually recombine, our results suggest otherwise. First, strict virus-host co-evolution is rejected by the existence of five, distantly related bat PV lineages and by the lack of congruence between bats and bat PVs phylogenies. Second, the ability of EserPV2 and EserPV3 to infect two different bat species (E. serotinus and E. isabellinus) argues against strict host specificity. Finally, the description of a second noncoding region in the RferPV1 genome reinforces the view of an increased susceptibility to recombination in the E2-L2 genomic region. These findings prompt the question of whether the prevailing paradigms regarding PVs evolution should be reconsidered.
Abstract Although the cement in cement technique is a simple method for exchanging cemented stems, it may be technical demanding. The different geometry of different-offset Exeter long stems can be a ...problem with this technique. We describe a case revision hip surgery as a consequence of neglected bipolar hemiarthroplasty dislocation in which a 44 mm offset long stem was exchanged by a shorter and smaller size 37.5 mm offset stem. The implications of the procedure and the surgical pitfalls are discussed.
Peritoneal metastasis in patients with locally advanced colon cancer (T4 stage) is estimated to recur at a rate of approximately 25% at 3 years from surgical resection and is associated with poor ...prognosis. There is controversy regarding the clinical benefit of prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in these patients.
To assess the efficacy and safety of intraoperative HIPEC in patients with locally advanced colon cancer.
This open-label, phase 3 randomized clinical trial was conducted in 17 Spanish centers from November 15, 2015, to March 9, 2021. Enrolled patients were aged 18 to 75 years with locally advanced primary colon cancer diagnosed preoperatively (cT4N02M0).
Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive cytoreduction plus HIPEC with mitomycin C (30 mg/m2 over 60 minutes; investigational group) or cytoreduction alone (comparator group), both followed by systemic adjuvant chemotherapy. Randomization of the intention-to-treat population was done via a web-based system, with stratification by treatment center and sex.
The primary outcome was 3-year locoregional control (LC) rate, defined as the proportion of patients without peritoneal disease recurrence analyzed by intention to treat. Secondary end points were disease-free survival, overall survival, morbidity, and rate of toxic effects.
A total of 184 patients were recruited and randomized (investigational group, n = 89; comparator group, n = 95). The mean (SD) age was 61.5 (9.2) years, and 111 (60.3%) were male. Median duration of follow-up was 36 months (IQR, 27-36 months). Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between groups. The 3-year LC rate was higher in the investigational group (97.6%) than in the comparator group (87.6%) (log-rank P = .03; hazard ratio HR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.05-0.95). No differences were observed in disease-free survival (investigational, 81.2%; comparator, 78.0%; log-rank P = .22; HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.41-1.22) or overall survival (investigational, 91.7%; comparator, 92.9%; log-rank P = .68; HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.26-2.37). The definitive subgroup with pT4 disease showed a pronounced benefit in 3-year LC rate after investigational treatment (investigational: 98.3%; comparator: 82.1%; log-rank P = .003; HR, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01-0.70). No differences in morbidity or toxic effects between groups were observed.
In this randomized clinical trial, the addition of HIPEC to complete surgical resection for locally advanced colon cancer improved the 3-year LC rate compared with surgery alone. This approach should be considered for patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02614534.
RESUMEN: Justificación Existe una asociación entre tabaquismo y TUS, especialmente con alcohol y cannabis. Sin embargo, las intervenciones sanitarias parecen no ir encaminadas a su enfoque. Objetivo ...Evaluar el grado de motivación para el abandono tabáquico tras realizar una intervención psicoeducativa breve sobre abordaje del tabaquismo. Metodología Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa de tipo analítico cuasiexperimental que se lleva a cabo mediante dos cohortes experimentales, del tipo pre- y post-intervención. Se aplica una intervención breve educativa y se evalúan las diferencias en la motivación para el abandono tabáquico en un grupo antes de la intervención y en otro grupo después de la misma Resultados Existe una diferencia de 1,27 puntos en el grado de motivación encontrado en los individuos respecto a los grupos experimentales Conclusiones Las personas drogodependientes son fumadoras con altos grados de dependencia nicotínica por lo que es preciso diseñar estrategias de cesación adecuadas.
Purpose: to examine how evidence about the therapeutic alliance gleaned from participatory action project affected the level of this alliance and the degree of empathy of psychiatric nurses. Design ...and methods: quasi-experimental study in two psychiatric units. In one group, evidence-based practices that affected the therapeutic alliance were implemented; in the comparison group, there was no such intervention. Findings: the nurses from the intervention group improved their degree of empathy and factors such as agreement on objectives and tasks with the patient. Practice implications: the results confirm the possibility of measuring and improving the therapeutic relationship in psychiatric care.
PDF
