We aimed to understand the toxic effects of two crop protecting agents, organophosphate pesticide, chlorpyrifos (CPF) and fertilizer, urea (U), and their binary mixtures at sublethal concentrations ...for 28-d in a freshwater fish Channa punctata with a battery of biochemical biomarkers in gill and liver. The study has practical value as such mixtures, so often present together in water in the agro-intensive areas, might be predicted to cause cocktail effects. Both CPF and U inhibited AChE, augmented SOD, CAT, GPx activities, and caused lipid peroxidation and depletion in tissue macromolecules in a concentration and duration-dependent manner. While U alone had less severe effects compared to CPF treatments, complex interactions were observed for three combination doses (1CPF + 1U, 2CPF + 1U, 1CPF + 2U). In their mutual effects, antagonism prevailed over other interactions when CPF and U were in equal proportion in the mixture, while synergism was observed for AchE and key antioxidant enzymes when more U was in the mixture. The present study concluded that urea in water bodies might impart adverse effects in combination with pesticides in non-target aquatic organisms such as fish, and there should be a restriction in its excessive usage.
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•Chlorpyrifos and urea showed concentration and duration-dependent toxicities.•~38–49% (max.) inhibition in AChE activity for U/CPF doses was noted.•SOD, CAT and GPx activities increased concomitantly with increase in MDA contents.•Binary mixtures (1CPF + 1U; 2CPF + 1U, 1CPF + 2U) showed complex interactions.•AchE and key antioxidant enzymes showed synergism at more U in the mixture.
Unconditional self-acceptance (USA) is a philosophy practiced to avoid the consequences of self-esteem in Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). It is considered to be one of the determinants of ...psychological wellbeing. Despite its importance, it is one of the least studied constructs in psychological research. The literature on USA is focused on examining its relationship with various psychological symptoms and in relation to other psychotherapeutic approaches. However, there is little research evidence to understand the construct. To fill this gap, the present study aims to bring more clarity to the existing definition of USA by understanding its nature. The present study is a qualitative study and used an interview technique to collect data. For this purpose, ten mental health professionals were selected through purposive sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for the interview. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis and coding techniques were used to analyze the data. Self-awareness, a positive view toward oneself and others, and social comparison were identified as important aspects of USA. Moreover, the current paper brought more clarity to the construct USA by proposing the nature of USA.
A rapid and efficient in vitro propagation protocol by enhanced multiple shoot proliferation from internode cultures of Ruta graveolens was established. Mean shoot number was maximum (55.83) in ...Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium fortified with $1.0mgL^{-1}$ benzyl amino purine and $0.25mgL^{-1}$ indole-3-acetic acid. The elongated shoots rooted within 10-12 days in 1/2-strength MS medium supplemented with $2.0mgL^{-1}$ indole 3-butyric acid. About 80 % of the rooted plantlets survived acclimatization and transfer to the field. Phytochemical analysis revealed that micropropagated plants produced linear furanocoumarins, characteristic of the species, in greater quantities as compared to the in vivogrown plants. The results will facilitate the conservation of this valuable medicinal plant and to obtain plants with improved phytochemical constituents.
The Patagonian Sublime Das, Suchismita
Conservation & Society,
07/2019, Letnik:
17, Številka:
3
Book Review, Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
...paralleling the discussion of the particularly male-centric imaginary of the indigenous Aonikenk and the livestock-tending, horse-rising gauchos as the exotic touristic other, how does Patagonian ...mountaineering veer into or away from machismo? ...that the distance between the expansive powers of extractive environmental practices and the power derived from conservation may not be as much as is often professed to be. ...as we live in economically and ecologically precarious times, the book prompts us to think more about how risks can be both seductive and vulnerability-inducing; both structurally constraining and productive practice-enabling.
Satellite repeats in heterochromatin are transcribed into noncoding RNAs that have been linked to gene silencing and maintenance of chromosomal integrity. Using digital gene expression analysis, we ...showed that these transcripts are greatly overexpressed in mouse and human epithelial cancers. In 8 of 10 mouse pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs), pericentromeric satellites accounted for a mean 12% (range 1 to 50%) of all cellular transcripts, a mean 40-fold increase over that in normal tissue. In 15 of 15 human PDACs, alpha satellite transcripts were most abundant and HSATII transcripts were highly specific for cancer. Similar patterns were observed in cancers of the lung, kidney, ovary, colon, and prostate. Derepression of satellite transcripts correlated with overexpression of the long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1) retrotransposon and with aberrant expression of neuroendocrine-associated genes proximal to LINE-1 insertions. The overexpression of satellite transcripts in cancer may reflect global alterations in heterochromatin silencing and could potentially be useful as a biomarker for cancer detection.
In this work, we have carried out in-situ RAFT polymerization of poly (N-vinylimidazole) (PNVI) in the inter-galleries of Cloisite nanoclay. The polymerization was carried out in two sets of ...different solvent-initiator combinations: N, N-Dimethyl formamide (DMF) - azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and water/ethanol mixture - 4,4′-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid) (ACV), with varying monomer ratios in order to synthesize PNVI of three different molecular weights. The three PNVI modified Cloisite clays (named as CP-1, CP-2 and CP-3 corresponding to low, medium and high molecular weight PNVI, respectively) were characterized thoroughly. X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope analysis revealed the extent of delamination of the clay layers after the polymerization. The CP-3 clay, containing high molecular weight PNVI, was completely exfoliated, whereas the CP-1 clay with low molecular weight PNVI formed intercalated structure and CP-2 showed partial exfoliation. Gel permeable chromatography was used to determine the molecular weights of PNVI and the thermogravimetric analysis revealed the quantities of PNVI polymerized in the clays galleries. Further, the PNVI modified clays were used to prepare nanocomposites with poly (4,4′-diphenylether-5,5′-benzimidazole) (OPBI). All the nanocomposite membranes exhibited higher storage modulus (up to ~170% increase at 400 °C), tensile properties, acid doping levels (~30 mol/OPBI repeat unit), proton conductivity (0.19 S/cm at 180 °C) and controlled acid leaching. The CP-3 clay, with exfoliated clay layers and freely dispersed PNVI chains in the OPBI matrix, resulted in effective interfacial interactions with the OPBI chains and consequently demonstrated higher property enhancement of the nanocomposite membranes than when the other two clays were incorporated.
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•In-situ RAFT of poly (N-vinylimidazole) in the inter-galleries of Cloisite clay.•Nanocomposites of polybenzimidazole with poly (N-vinylimidazole) modified clay.•Superior proton exchange membrane obtained from these nanocomposites.
The optical and dielectric properties of two laterally monofluorinated isothiocyanato-tolane nematogens, which differ only on the position of fluorine atom in the core, have been studied as a ...function of temperature. A four-parameter model is validated by fitting the experimentally measured values of refractive indices, birefringence and average refractive indices of the compounds with the theoretical ones. The position of fluorine substituent in the rigid core have been found to have little effect on optical birefringence, but pronounced effect on dielectric anisotropy.
In this article, crystal structure, magnetism, heat capacity, magnetocaloric effect (MCE), and electrical resistivity of mixed rare-earth Gd 0.5 Y 0.5 MnO 3 and Eu 0.5 Dy 0.5 MnO 3 manganites have ...been studied. Temperature-dependent magnetization M(T) measurements suggest an antiferromagnetic order just below 6 K in Gd 0.5 Y 0.5 MnO 3 , while no magnetic transition has been observed down to 5 K in Eu 0.5 Dy 0.5 MnO 3 . Heat capacity data reveal anomalies at 40 and 42 K in Gd 0.5 Y 0.5 MnO 3 and Eu 0.5 Dy 0.5 MnO 3 , and these may correspond to Mn magnetic order as previously reported. The magnetization values are 2.8 and 3 μ B /f.u. in 70 kOe field at 5 K for Gd 0.5 Y 0.5 MnO 3 and Eu 0.5 Dy 0.5 MnO 3 , respectively. MCE has been estimated in terms of isothermal magnetic entropy change (ΔS m ) at low temperatures. The maximum values of ΔS m are about -11 and -6.2 J kg -1 , respectively, for Gd 0.5 Y 0.5 MnO 3 and Eu 0.5 Dy 0.5 MnO 3 samples for a field change of 70 kOe at 8 K. Electrical resistivity of Gd 0.5 Y 0.5 MnO 3 and Eu 0.5 Dy 0.5 MnO 3 shows variable range polaron hopping behavior in the temperature range of 210-350 K.
Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) have excelled in mechanical performance, replacing metals in structural design. However, their challenging machinability especially in drilling for assembly ...necessitates careful optimization of process parameters for mass production efficiency and waste reduction. This study explores the optimization of the drilling process for carbon fiber-reinforced composite laminates with a stacking sequence of 0/–45/90/45
2s
. Using the tungsten carbide twist drills, experiments were conducted on quasi-isotropic CFRP laminates with a thickness of 10 mm. The drilling process parameters, including spindle speed and feed rate, were systematically varied to investigate their influence on drilled hole defects. A three-axis CNC milling center equipped with a piezoelectric dynamometer captured thrust force and drilling torque signals, forming the basis of the experimental methodology. The research employs multi-criteria decision-making techniques, such as MOORA, TOPSIS, and VIKOR, to identify the optimal combination of parameters for minimizing defects and enhancing drilling efficiency. In this study, the synergy of these multi-criteria decision-making techniques establishes a novel framework, demonstrating their efficacy in addressing the challenges associated with CFRP laminate drilling. Quantitatively, the optimized drilling parameters, combination of high speed, low feed rate, and low point angle tool resulted in a remarkable 20% reduction in top surface delamination defects, coupled with a 15% improvement in circularity error and surface roughness, underscoring the effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach in enhancing the quality of drilled holes in CFRP laminates. A comparative assessment of the results reveals notable achievements, including a significant correlation of 0.986 between the TOPSIS and VIKOR methods.
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