•BIPV products and its market potential is presented.•International standards and specification of BIPV products is highlighted.•Advancement in BIPV materials is reviewed.•Life cycle assessment of ...the BIPV product is carried out.
Application of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technology in the building envelope gives an aesthetical and modern appearance. BIPV is a practical, innovative and promising technology for net zero emission buildings. This paper introduces the best in class of the BIPV products and their properties along with international guidelines and testing standards. BIPV products for rooftops, façades and windows have been highlighted in this paper. The properties of BIPV products incorporate solar PV efficiency, Voc, Isc, Pmax and fill factor (FF). The life cycle sustainable assessment of BIPV module has been reviewed by examining energy payback time and GHG emission.
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) is considered to be one of the most promising technological developments in the field of Solar Cells. It is basically a cell that imitates the process seen in plant ...cells to produce energy. It is a photo-electrochemical cell, considering the electron moments caused by the combined effect of the photon energy and the chemical reactions. The DSSC being transparent to some extent and comparatively cheaper than conventional solar photo-voltaic, can be a potential energy source for the future. But there are many aspects that need to be worked upon before declaring it as a feasible commercial product. The paper emphasizes on these aspects and the various improvements that the DSSC has gone through in recent years. This is a detailed review of the work done to improve the performance of DSSC, with supporting data. A comparative study of the effect of various suggested modification to the different components of DSSC has been done. This would give a clear idea about the most recent improvements done in DSSC with respect to the various components. It includes a summary of the suggested improvements by various researchers, bifurcated into different sections with respect to the different components of the DSSC. It was observed that incorporating graphene sheets of various sizes in the photo anode helped to improve the efficiency of DSSC significantly, giving a maximum efficiency of 6.62%. In case of novel dyes used in the DSSC fabrication the D-A-pi-A indoline dyes showed a great enhancement in the cell efficiency, with efficiency of up to 6.9%. Incorporation of Pt in counter electrodes and 3D-CE also showed notably good efficiency in DSSC, the efficiency improving up to 8.8%.
In this paper, performance analysis of 12 MWp grid interactive solar photovoltaic power plant, located at Cochin International Airport, India is carried out using energy and exergy analysis. The ...thermal performance of the PV plant installed within the airport premises has been investigated based on actual weather data and monitored values of the plant. In order to evaluate the exergy and energy performance of the PV plant, a parametric approach with destruction is applied. The energy efficiency of the plant varied between 16.4% and 13.33% and its value depends on the electrical energy output and insolation only. The annual average exergy efficiency is found to be 9.77%. Theoretically, cost of exergy destruction in terms of unit electricity cost is estimated. The thermal destruction is huge in an MW scale solar PV plant. A considerable amount of thermal losses (4.44 MW) can be avoided by integrating cooling technique to the SPV system. Thus the thermodynamic analysis of PV system provides more clarity about system performance and serves as a useful reference for future PV power plants in an airport environment.
•The first study on exergy analysis of a Utility scale Solar PV plant.•Thermal, electrical and exergy outputs Analyzed using real data obtained from a system.•Energy and exergy efficiencies are calculated as 14.58% and 9.77%, respectively.•Cumulative exergy loss is computed as 32.5 MW for one year period.•Monthly average cost of exergy destruction was found to 14.88 million Indian rupees.
People are becoming more and more sensitive to the ecological consequences of global warming and environmental devastation. The objective is to replace the use of fossil fuel energy with renewable ...forms of energy. In the field of building construction, this leads to a new legislation frameworks and radical changes in how we design our buildings. The use of renewable in the building envelope is much varied and opens many opportunities for creative designers. Many architects have already integrated PV successfully in their buildings. This paper reviews the present day application of BIPV and BIPV-T technologies. In addition to it thermal modeling, energy and exergy analysis of BIPV and BIPVT system are also discussed. This study also reviews the recent developments of the technology worldwide.
Evaporative air coolers are widely used in peak summer seasons for air conditioning in residential and commercial building spaces. Cooling pads play a major role in cooling efficiency and energy ...performance of the evaporative air coolers. This paper presents the experimental results of a direct evaporative cooler with two different cooling pads based on actual weather data. Honeycomb and Aspen cooling pad of same rectangular cross-sectional area are considered for the analysis. The various performance parameters like cooling capacity, power consumption, energy efficiency ratio are evaluated analytically and experimentally. The results show that the energy efficiency ratio and cooling capacity of an air cooler with Honeycomb cooling pad is better than the Aspen cooling pad of the same surface area.Evaporative air cooler with honeycomb cooling pad is more suitable in hot and dry, composite climatic condition zone.
Floating photovoltaic power plant: A review Sahu, Alok; Yadav, Neha; Sudhakar, K.
Renewable & sustainable energy reviews,
December 2016, 2016-12-00, Letnik:
66
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The noticeable rise in the electricity demand, fast depletion of fossil fuels, along with environmental concerns throughout the world has led to the requirement of commissioning Solar PV plants in ...large scale. Solar photovoltaic (PV) installation has the burden of intense land requirements which will always be a premium commodity. To conserve the valuable land & water, installing Solar PV system on water bodies like oceans, lakes, lagoons, reservoir, irrigation ponds, waste water treatment plants, wineries, fish farms, dams and canals can be an attractive option. Floating type solar photovoltaic panels have numerous advantages compared to overland installed solar panels, including fewer obstacles to block sunlight, convenient, energy efficiency, higher power generation efficiency owing to its lower temperature underneath the panels. Additionally, the aquatic environment profits by the solar installation because the shading of the plant prevents excessive water evaporation, limits algae growth and potentially improving water quality. This paper gives more insight about the Floating PV technology, its present status & various design options.
•Design aspect of building integrated photovoltaic system is highlighted.•BIPV and BAPV Products are listed and compared.•Challenges of BIPV system are outlined.
This paper is a full review on the ...development of solar photovoltaic technology for building integration and design. It highlights the classification of Solar PV cell and BIPV product for building design purpose. BIPV poses an opportunity to play an essential part in a new era of distributed power generation. Building integrated photovoltaic systems is powerful and versatile tool for achieving the ever increasing demand for zero energy building of the coming years. While some critical policy challenges exist, the value of generating power directly where it is used, aesthetic designs and flexible thin film module form factors is just starting to be understood, which may help to mitigate the barriers posed for current BIPV applications.
•Step by step design of 110kWp standalone rooftop PV system is presented.•Simulation results of 110kWp standalone roof top solar PV system using Sunny Design, SAM and BlueSol are provided.•Detailed ...economics of the proposed rooftop solar PV system has been carried out.
The process of acquiring photovoltaic power involves designing, selecting and determining specifications depending on a variety of factors, such as geographical location, weather condition, solar irradiance, and load consumption. In this paper a detailed design of a standalone rooftop solar PV system to provide uninterrupted power supply for a hostel building is presented. It outlines the detailed procedure for specifying each component of the stand-alone rooftop solar PV system and its performance analysis using simulation software. Detailed cost analysis including installation and maintenance of a rooftop solar PV system during its life span has also been carried out. The cost of PV generation and environmental benefit are also highlighted.
Southeast Asian countries stand at a crossroads concerning their shared energy future and heavily rely on fossil fuels for transport and electricity. Within Asia, especially India and China lead the ...world renewable energy generation undergoing a period of energy transition and economic transformation. Southeast Asian countries have huge potentials for sustainable energy sources. However they are yet to perform globally in renewable energy deployment due to various challenges. The primary objective of the study is to examine the renewable energy growth and analyse the government policies to scale up the deployment of renewables for power generation substantially. The study also offers policy recommendations to accelerate renewable energy exploitation sustainably across the region. To achieve the ambitious target of 23% renewables in the primary energy mix by 2025, ASEAN Governments should take proactive measures like removal of subsidies of fossil fuels, regional market integration and rapid implementation of the existing project. Eventually, each of this strategy will necessitate sustained leadership, political determination, and concrete actions from stakeholders, in particular, increased cooperation across the region.
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•Southeast Asia countries significantly rely on fossil resources.•Renewable energy development is constrained by strong economic growth.•Social, political and economic pressures hinder the implementation of renewable energy policy.•The paper suggests the exchange of ideas and increased cooperation as a mechanism for development.
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