SnS nanoparticles/CNTs composite （SnSCNTs composite） is synthesized by a facile one-pot solvothermal reaction. The structural characterizations reveal pure SnS nanoparticles with the size of less ...than 10 nm distribute on the surface of CNTs with the diameter of less than 20 nm. The SnSCNTs composite electrode performs high reversible capacity and good cyclability （365 mAh/g at 50 mA/g after 50 cycles）, which is superior to that of pure SnS electrode synthesized without the adding of CNTs （115.9 mAh/g at 50 mA/g after 50mA/ cycles）. Even increasing the current density to 500mA/g, the SnSCNTs composite electrode still delivers a reversible capacity up to 210 mAh/g after 100 cycles, nearly two times higher than that of the pure SnS electrode （108 mAh/g after 100 cycles）. The rate performance of the SnS/CNTs composite electrode is also better than that of pure SnS electrode at different current densities from 50mA/g to 800mA/g. The enhanced electrochemical performance of SnS/CNTs composite can be attributed to the adding of CNTs as a flexible and conductive structure supporter and the formation of SnS nanoparticles with small size. The SnS nanoparticlesCNTs composite structure not only benefits for buffering the volume change during charge and discharge process, but also increases the surface area for sufficient electrode-electrolyte contacting, and shortens Na＋ diffusion length, which improves the conductivity and stability of active material and finally provides desirable electrochemical performance.
The dissolution of active material in aqueous batteries can lead to a rapid deterioration in capacity, and the presence of free water can also accelerate the dissolution and trigger some side ...reactions that affect the service life of aqueous batteries. In this study, a MnWO4 cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer is constructed on a δ-MnO2 cathode by cyclic voltammetry, which is effective in inhibiting the dissolution of Mn and improving the reaction kinetics. As a result, the CEI layer enables the δ-MnO2 cathode to produce a better cycling performance, with the capacity maintained at 98.2% (vs. activated capacity at 500 cycles) after 2000 cycles at 10 A g−1. In comparison, the capacity retention rate is merely 33.4% for pristine samples in the same state, indicating that this MnWO4 CEI layer constructed by using a simple and general electrochemical method can promote the development of MnO2 cathodes for aqueous zinc ion batteries.
High-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings have demonstrated great potential in anti-wear applications. To further improve the mechanical and tribo-corrosion properties of the HEA coatings, the VAlTiMoSi, ...(VAlTiMoSi)
, and (VAlTiMoSi)
coatings were successfully deposited by DC magnetron sputtering. The microstructure, mechanical, and tribo-corrosion properties of as-deposited and heat-treated coatings were analyzed. All the as-deposited HEA coatings were BCC + amorphous phases. The thermal effect promoted the formation of intermetallic compounds, and the C inhibited the formation of Mo
Si and Ti
Si
. The hardness and elastic modulus of the heat-treated VAlTiMoSi coating were 20.1 and 294.0 GPa, respectively. The heat-treated (VAlTiMoSi)
coating showed the lowest wear rate, namely 5.2 × 10
m
·Nm
, and the best formation ability of passive film in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.
• Although the role of auxin in biotrophic pathogenesis has been extensively studied, relatively little is known about its role in plant resistance to necrotrophs. • Arabidopsis thaliana mutants ...defective in different aspects of the auxin pathway are generally more susceptible than wild‐type plants to the necrotrophic pathogen Alternaria brassicicola. We show that A. brassicicola infection up‐regulates auxin biosynthesis and down‐regulates the auxin transport capacities of infected plants, these effects being partially dependent on JA signaling. We also show that these effects of A. brassicicola infection together lead to an enhanced auxin response in host plants. • Application of IAA and MeJA together synergistically induces the expression of defense marker genes PDF1.2 (PLANT DEFENSIN 1.2) and HEL (HEVEIN‐LIKE), suggesting that enhancement of JA‐dependent defense signaling may be part of the auxin‐mediated defense mechanism involved in resistance to necrotrophic pathogens. • Our results provide molecular evidence supporting the hypothesis that JA and auxin interact positively in regulating plant resistance to necrotrophic pathogens and that activation of auxin signaling by JA may contribute to plant resistance to necrotrophic pathogens.
ABSTRACTAlzheimer disease (AD) can be diagnosed by clinical and neuropsychologic tests and at autopsy, but there are no simple effective diagnostic methods for detecting biomarkers in patients at ...early stages of cognitive impairment. Early metabolic alterations that may facilitate AD diagnosis have not been thoroughly explored. We applied a nontargeted metabonomic approach using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry to analyze serum and urine samples from 46 patients with AD and 36 healthy controls. Metabolite profiles were processed using multivariate analysis to identify potential metabolites, which were further confirmed using tandem mass spectrometry. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry methods were additionally used to quantify potentially important biomarkers. Independent samples were then selected to validate the identified biomarkers. There was a clear separation between healthy controls and AD patients; AD patient samples had disordered amino acid and phospholipid metabolism and dysregulated palmitic amide. Receiver operator characteristic curve and quantification suggested that palmitic amide, lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC, 18:0), LysoPC(18:2), L-glutamine, and 5-L-glutamylglycine were the optimal metabolites. In addition, areas under the curve from the palmitic amide, LysoPC(18:2), and 5-L-glutamylglycine in the validation study were 0.714, 0.996, and 0.734, respectively. These data elucidate the metabolic alterations associated with AD and suggest new biomarkers for AD diagnosis, thereby permitting early intervention designed to prevent disease progression.
Photosensitive resins (PSR) were exposed to challenging operational conditions in different technological domains. It is desirable to enhance the mechanical durability of PSR for its usage in ...real-world applications. We use TiO2 to improve the mechanical strength and durability of PSR and comprehend nanoparticles' impact on PSR's durability. Herein, we compare the mechanical properties of photosensitive resins (PSR) and TiO2-based polymer nanocomposites (T@PNCs) with varying nanoparticle sizes 1 μm and 20 nm. Firstly, the ultrasonic dual mixing (UDM) technique is employed, which involves the simultaneous use of ultrasonic mixing and stirring to produce nanocomposites of T@PNCs slurry. Before printing, the initial designs were created using solidworks software, and 3D-Printing was performed using a 3D Moon Ray Printer. Rod and flat specimens were printed, and their structural and mechanical strength were analyzed. The experimental results suggest that larger nanoparticles, measuring 1 μm, decrease the mechanical durability of T@PNCs. However, reducing the size of nanoparticles in polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) to 20 nm increases mechanical resilience, leading to improved flexural and tensile strength. Our experimental results demonstrate that the nanoparticles' size strongly influences PSR's mechanical properties.
Abstract
Background
Herbal tea residue (HTR) is generally considered to be the waste of herbal tea beverage production while it still retains rich nutrients and active substances. The main aim of the ...present study was to investigate the effect of fermentation technology on improving the quality of HTRs, and focus on the fermented HTR-induced alleviation of summer heat stress in fattening cattle.
Results
In this study, the waste HTR was fermented and then fed to a total of 45 fattening cattle that were divided into 3 groups (fermented HTR replaced 0, 15, 30% of the forage component of the diet), and the feeding experiment was lasted for 40 days. The physiological indexes, growth performance and fecal microbiota of fattening cattle were evaluated and results showed that fermented HTR could effectively reduce the respiratory rate and rectal temperature of fattening cattle under heat stress, increase the daily feed intake and daily gain, and improve the antioxidant content and blood immune index. In addition, we studied the fecal microbiota composition of 6 fattening cattle in control and 30% HTR substitution groups and found fermented HTR significantly changed the composition of fecal microbiota and increased microbial diversity, and correlation analysis suggested that the bacteria were closely related to fecal SCFA levels of fattening cattle under heat stress.
Conclusions
In this study, fermented HTR replaced 30% of the forage component of the diet that can change the intestine microorganisms, maintain health and alleviate the heat stress of fattening cattle.
The American cockroach (
) is a medicinal insect. Its extract is used clinically to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration, but the effective medicinal components and mechanisms are not yet ...clear. It has been reported that human thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) may accelerate skin wound healing, however, the role of
thymosin (Pa-THYs) is still poorly understood. In the present study, we identify and analyze the DNA sequences of Pa-THYs by bioinformatics analysis. Then we clone, express, and purify the Pa-THYs proteins and evaluate the activity of recombinant Pa-THYs proteins by cell migration and proliferation assays in NIH/3T3 cells. To elucidate the role of Pa-THYs in wound healing, a mouse model is established, and we evaluate wound contraction, histopathological parameters, and the expressions of several key growth factors after Pa-THYs treatment. Our results showed that three THY variants were formed by skipping splicing of exons. Pa-THYs could promote fibroblast migration, but have no effect on fibroblast proliferation. In wound repair, Pa-THYs proteins could effectively promote wound healing through stimulating dermal tissue regeneration, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition. On the molecular mechanism, Pa-THYs also stimulated the expression of several key growth factors to promote wound healing. The data suggest that Pa-THYs could be a potential drug for promoting wound repair.
In order to solve the problem that the function and performance of traditional systems in English machine translation cannot meet the needs of intelligence, the author proposes an English vocabulary ...and speech corpus recognition system based on computer image processing. On the basis of designing the overall structure of the system, the hardware structure is designed by designing the server and translator. In the software design, the semantic features of the input English sentences in human-computer interaction are analyzed by using the enhanced algorithm, the decoding algorithm is designed according to the analysis results, and the English machine translation model is constructed. Experimental results show that when the number of sentences translated by this system is from 100 to 1000, the BLEU indicator keeps rising from 7 to 10. The English vocabulary and speech corpus recognition system based on computer image processing is more efficient.
SiBCN ceramics based on SiC, BN and Si3N4 structures have good comprehensive properties such as high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, creep resistance and long life, which makes it one ...of the very promising ceramic material systems in military and aerospace fields, etc. In this study, SiBCN ceramics, as well as Si3N4f/BN/SiBCN microcomposites, were prepared by a polymer infiltration pyrolysis method using PBSZ as the polymer precursor. The PBSZ was completely ceramized by pyrolysis at 900 °C. The weight loss and elemental bonding forms of the products after the pyrolysis of the precursors hardly changed from 600 °C to 900 °C. After pyrolysis at 600 °C for 4 h and using the BN coating obtained from twice deposition as the interfacial phase, a more desirable weak interface of fiber/matrix with a binding strength of 21.96 ± 2.01 MPa can be obtained. Si3N4f/BN/SiBCN ceramic matrix microcomposites prepared under the same pyrolysis conditions have a relatively good tensile strength of 111.10 MPa while retaining a weak interface between the fibers and the matrix. The results of the study provide more theoretical and methodological support for the application of new composite structural ceramic material systems.
PDF
