We investigate the relationship between mortality and business cycles within Mexico, where development varies significantly. We exploit this variation by separately analyzing the top ten and bottom ...ten developed states for the period 1993–2004. We find that while overall mortality is procyclical nationally and in the top ten states, it is countercyclical in the bottom ten. Further, we show that in the top ten states mortality due to non communicable conditions is procyclical, while in the bottom ten mortality due to non communicable conditions and infectious and parasitic diseases are countercyclical. Our results suggest that the relationship between mortality and business cycles may vary by level of development.
First operation of a superconducting RF-gun Janssen, D.; Büttig, H.; Evtushenko, P. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
07/2003, Letnik:
507, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
For the first time, a superconducting RF gun where a photocathode is inside a superconducting cavity has been working stably over a period of seven weeks. The gun with a half-cell cavity has been ...operated in the cryostat at 4.2K. A maximal field strength of 22MV/m in the cavity and maximal beam energy of 900keV have been obtained. Measurements of beam current, transmission, energy spread and transverse emittance are presented and discussed.
As part of the BERLinPro study, HZB is developing an SRF photoelectron injector. The R&D will be carried out in three stages, the first of which is currently being installed at HZB's HoBiCaT ...facility. It consists of an SRF cavity with SC solenoid, electron beam diagnosics and drivelaser systems.
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the most common cause of eosinophilic meningitis worldwide. Infection typically occurs through ingestion of undercooked molluscs or vegetables contaminated by infective ...larvae. Endemic regions were previously limited to southeast Asia and the Pacific basin; however, this parasite is seeing an alarming increase in global distribution with reported cases in more than 30 countries, including several states in the USA. Although infection typically results in meningitis, a broad spectrum of CNS involvement and severity is emerging as diagnostic methods (such as real-time PCR) continue to improve diagnosis. In this Grand Round, we report a case of a 20-year-old active duty US marine serving in Okinawa, Japan, afflicted with severe CNS angiostrongyliasis marked by radiculomyelitis with quadriparesis, hyperaesthesia, and urinary retention. We present this case to highlight that no clear guidelines exist for the treatment of severe CNS angiostrongyliasis and provide our consensus recommendation that treatment algorithms include use of dual corticosteroids plus anthelmintics when radicular symptoms are present. In this Grand Round we review the clinical features, epidemiology, advances to diagnostic techniques, and available data on current treatment options for CNS angiostrongyliasis. This diagnosis should be highly considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with meningeal symptoms, paraesthesia or hyperaesthesia, and CSF eosinophilia so that treatment can be started early, which is particularly important in children, because of their increased risk of severe disease and mortality. We recommend combined therapy with albendazole and prednisolone, with consideration for increased steroid dosing in severe cases.
A
bstract
The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a proposed future high-luminosity linear electron-positron collider operating at three energy stages, with nominal centre-of-mass energies
s
= 380 GeV, ...1
.
5 TeV, and 3 TeV. Its aim is to explore the energy frontier, providing sensitivity to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) and precision measurements of Standard Model processes with an emphasis on Higgs boson and top-quark physics. The opportunities for top-quark physics at CLIC are discussed in this paper. The initial stage of operation focuses on top-quark pair production measurements, as well as the search for rare flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) top-quark decays. It also includes a top-quark pair production threshold scan around 350 GeV which provides a precise measurement of the top-quark mass in a well-defined theoretical framework. At the higher-energy stages, studies are made of top-quark pairs produced in association with other particles. A study of t
̄
tH production including the extraction of the top Yukawa coupling is presented as well as a study of vector boson fusion (VBF) production, which gives direct access to high-energy electroweak interactions. Operation above 1 TeV leads to more highly collimated jet environments where dedicated methods are used to analyse the jet constituents. These techniques enable studies of the top-quark pair production, and hence the sensitivity to BSM physics, to be extended to higher energies. This paper also includes phenomenological interpretations that may be performed using the results from the extensive top-quark physics programme at CLIC.
We present a concept of a laser system for a photon collider at the TESLA linac. It is based on an external optical ring cavity which is pumped by a short-pulse laser. A detailed discussion of the ...geometry of the external cavity is given.
Zusammenfassung
Im Rahmen eines Pilotprojektes (8/2012–2/2014) erprobte und untersuchte die Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA) 2013 einige Wochen lang verschiedene ...Social-Media-Interventionen für die Themenfelder „Familienplanung“ und „Sexualaufklärung“. Dazu gehörte auch das Instrument Foren-Webcare, das in vier bzw. drei Foren für Schwangere und Jugendliche eingesetzt wurde. Der Begriff „Webcare“ beschreibt ursprünglich eine kundenorientierte Kommunikationsstrategie in der Web-Ökonomie. Er inkludiert Elemente des Reputations- und Beschwerdemanagements ebenso wie Online-Marketing. Beim vorliegenden Pilotprojekt wurde Foren-Webcare im Sinne eines „virtuellen Streetwork“ verstanden und angewendet, d. h. in nicht selbst betriebenen Foren wurden Fragen zu gesundheitlichen Themen identifiziert und beantwortet. Das Projektdesign folgte dem Precede-Proceed-Model und nutzte in der Analyse-, Implementierungs- und Bewertungsphase zeitlich und methodisch verschränkte, sich wechselseitig kontrollierende Methoden wie Online-Testgruppen, Intensivinterviews und die Auswertung von Web-Nutzungsdaten. Die Analyse zeigte, dass die Zielgruppen des Projekts Foren zum einen recht häufig nutzten, zum anderen der Idee eines Webcare mit Beiträgen von Expertinnen und Experten öffentlicher Institutionen prinzipiell positiv gegenüberstanden und das Risiko der Reaktanz nur gering war. Durch Foren-Webcare können wichtige ergänzende und fachlich gesicherte Informationen in die Diskussion eines Themas eingebracht werden. Dabei weisen die Ergebnisse des Projekts darauf hin, dass Nutzende dies bei Einhaltung einiger Regeln meist als willkommene Ergänzung unvollständiger und Verbesserung fehlerhafter Informationen wahrnehmen und als qualitative Aufwertung des Forums wertschätzen. Aus Sicht der Informationsanbietenden ist Foren-Webcare weniger eine Chance zur Kommunikation mit Einzelnen als mit zahlreichen passiv Rezipierenden. Zugleich bietet das Instrument die Chance, von den Foren-Nutzenden zu lernen, ihre Bedarfe und Rezeptionsweisen genauer kennenzulernen und darauf eingehen zu können. Im Sinne einer systemischen Health Literacy kann Webcare somit auch zur Erweiterung institutioneller Gesundheitskompetenz beitragen.
Over several weeks in 2013, the BZgA pilot project "SoMe" (August 2012 to February 2014) tested and investigated various social media interventions in the fields of family planning and sex education. ...The interventions included the tool "forum webcare," which was used in four forums for pregnant women and three for young people. The term webcare originally described a customer-oriented communication strategy of the web economy. The term includes elements of reputation management, customer care, and online marketing. In the present pilot project, forum webcare has been understood and applied in the sense of "virtual street work," which means that issues on health topics in non-self-operated forums were identified and answered. The design was based on the Precede-Proceed Model. In the phases of analysis, implementation, and evaluation the project used chronologically and methodologically interlaced and mutually controlling methods such as online test groups, intensive interviews, and the evaluation of data on web use. The analysis indicated that the target groups of the project used the forums quite often; that they had a positive attitude toward the idea of webcare providing contributions from experts working for public institutions; and that the risk of reactance was low. Forum webcare allows important supplementary and well-founded information to be brought into the discussions. At the same time the results of the project show that users, when keeping to certain rules, mostly see webcare as a welcome addition to incomplete information and the improvement of faulty information, and appreciate it as quality enhancement for the forum. From the view of the information provider, forum webcare is more a chance to address numerous passive recipients rather than communicating with single users. At the same time the instrument provides the chance to learn from users of the forums, and to become familiar with and be able to respond to their needs and the way in which they receive information. For the purposes of systemic health literacy, webcare can thus also contribute to the expansion of institutional health competence.
In the United States from 2001 to 2006, federal regulations allowed entrants to lease from incumbents at relatively low cost all of the network infrastructure necessary to provide local phone ...service. These platform entrants could then provide phone service without installing any of their own equipment. Advocates of this policy claimed that it was needed to provide an economically feasible means by which entrants could serve residential customers. Critics contended that the policy substantially deterred loop entry whereby entrants installed their own switching equipment. An analysis of panel data for each state over this period indicates that the policy's critics may have been correct. The cross-price elasticity of loop entry with respect to platform price was roughly 1.0. A back of the envelope calculation suggests that loop entry may have decreased by roughly 20% due to platform entry price reductions.
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