The prevention and correction of vitamin D deficiency requires a precise depiction of the current situation and identification of risk factors in each region. The present study attempted to determine ...these entities using a systematic review and meta-analysis in Iran.
Articles published online in Persian and English between 2000 and November 1, 2016, were reviewed. This was carried out using national databases such as SID, IranMedex, Magiran, and IranDoc and international databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The heterogeneity index among the studies was determined using the Cochran (Q) and I
test. Based on the heterogeneity results, the random-effect model was applied to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. In addition, meta-regression analysis was used to determine heterogeneity-suspected factors, and the Egger test was applied to identify publication bias.
The meta-analysis of 48 studies identified 18531 individuals with vitamin D deficiency. According to the random-effect model, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among male, female, and pregnant women was estimated to be 45.64% (95% CI: 29.63 to 61.65), 61.90% (95% CI: 48.85 to 74.96), and 60.45% (95% CI: 23.73 to 97.16), respectively. The results of the meta-regression analysis indicated that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was significantly different in various geographical regions (β=4.4; P=0.023).
The results obtained showed a significant prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the Iranian population, a condition to be addressed by appropriate planning.
We analyzed 661 adult patients who underwent single-unit (n = 226) or double-unit (n = 435) unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) following a reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) consisting of ...low-dose total body irradiation (TBI), cyclophosphamide, and fludarabine (Cy/Flu/TBI200). Eighty-two patients received rabbit antithymocyte globulin (ATG) as part of the conditioning regimen (ATG group), whereas 579 did not (non-ATG group). Median age at UCBT was 54 years, and diagnoses were acute leukemias (51%), myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm (19%), and lymphoproliferative diseases (30%). Forty-four percent of patients were transplanted with advanced disease. All patients received ≥4 antigens HLA-matched UCBT. Median number of collected total nucleated cells was 4.4 × 107/kg. In the ATG group, on 64 evaluable patients, ATG was discontinued 1 (n = 27), 2 (n = 20), or > 2 days before the graft infusion (n = 17). In multivariate analyses, the use of ATG was associated with decreased incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (hazard ratio HR, 0.31; 95% confidence interval CI, 0.17-0.55; P < .0001), higher incidence of nonrelapse mortality (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.16-2.43; P = .0009), and decreased overall survival (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.19-2.415; P = .003). Collectively, our results suggest that the use of ATG could be detrimental, especially if given too close to graft infusion in adults undergoing UCBT following Cy/Flu/TBI200 regimen.
•When possible, ATG should be avoided in adults undergoing UCBT following Cy/Flu/TBI200 regimen.
Abstract
Introduction Lips play a fundamental role in facial attractiveness and in decisions pertaining to orthognathic surgery.
Objective To assess the upper lip changes following Le Fort I ...osteotomy for maxillary advancement and/or impaction.
Methods In the present retrospective non-randomized clinical trial, we evaluated 3 groups of patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy of the maxilla. Group 1 (n = 35) underwent maxillary advancement, group 2 (n = 14), maxillary impaction, and group 3 (n = 11) was submitted to both maxillary advancement and impaction. The lip thickness of all patients was measured preoperatively, and the participants in each group were categorized into two subgroups: thin (< 12 mm) and thick (> 12 mm) lip. The primary (before orthognathic surgery) and final (after orthodontic bracket removal) lateral cephalograms of the patients were analyzed using the Dolphin software. Comparisons were made using the paired t-test and linear regression in the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows software.
Results The length of the upper lip increased by 1 mm (p = 0.012) on average following maxillary advancement, and it decreased by 0.43 mm (p = 0.24) on average following maxillary impaction. In the maxillary advancement group, the change in angulation of the incisors predicted the incisal display (p = 0.03). In the maxillary impaction group, skeletal changes in the vertical dimension predicted changes in upper lip length (p = 0.033).
Conclusions Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement significantly increases the length of the upper lip. The assessment of lip thickness prior to surgery can help predict the postoperative results. Changing the angulation of the incisors can predict the incisal display. In maxillary impaction, skeletal changes in the vertical dimension can predict the changes in the length of the upper lip.
Aims. This meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials assessed the effect of glucose-like peptide-1-receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) on the lipid profile and liver enzymes in patients ...with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Materials and Methods. Randomized placebo-controlled trials investigating GLP-1RA on the lipid profile and liver enzymes in patients with NAFLD were searched in PubMed-Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases (from inception to January 2020). A random-effects model and a generic inverse variance method were used for quantitative data synthesis. Sensitivity analysis was conducted. Weighted random-effects meta-regression was performed on potential confounders on lipid profile and liver enzyme concentrations. Results. 12 studies were identified (12 GLP-1RA arms; 677 subjects) that showed treatment with GLP-1RA reduced alanine transaminase (ALT) concentrations (WMD = −10.14, 95%CI = −15.84, −0.44, P<0.001), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (WMD = −11.53, 95%CI = −15.21,−7.85, P<0.001), and alaline phosphatase (ALP) (WMD = −8.29, 95%CI = −11.34, −5.24, P<0.001). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (WMD = −2.95, 95% CI = −7.26, 1.37, P=0.18) was unchanged. GLP-1 therapy did not alter triglycerides (TC) (WMD = −7.07, 95%CI = −17.51, 3.37, P=0.18), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = −1.17 (−5.25, 2.91), P=0.57), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) (WMD = 0.97, 95%CI = −1.63, 3.58, P=0.46), or low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (WMD = −1.67, 95%CI = −10.08, 6.74, P=0.69) in comparison with controls. Conclusion. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that GLP-1RA treatment significantly reduces liver enzymes in patients with NAFLD, but the lipid profile is unaffected.
Oxidative stress after ischemic stroke contribute to neuronal cell injury. Unhealthy and unbalanced dietary patterns can increase the risk of several diseases, including stroke and cardiometabolic ...ones. However, the association between dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) of antioxidant and stroke is controversial. Our study aimed to establish a correlation between DTAC and its impact on the occurrence of stroke.
This nested case-control study included 79 stroke cases and 158 healthy controls. We used data from the Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS) comprising 10,035 individuals at baseline. To assess the nutritional status of each individual, a 125-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) has been used to evaluate their dietary habits and intakes over the past year. DTAC was calculated using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) international databases. The stroke was confirmed by an experienced neurologist using standard imaging methods. Conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between DTAC and stroke.
The assessment of DTAC revealed that there was no statistically significant distinction between cases (mean ± SD: 5.31 ± 2.65) and controls (5.16 ± 2.80) with a p-value of 0.95. Even after adjusting for the potentially important confounding factors such as age, sex, event time, energy intake, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes, the association remains non-significant (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.20, p-value = 0.33).
Our results did not confirm a significant link between DTAC and stroke risk. These findings emphasize the intricate interplay of factors influencing stroke risk and highlight the need for further research to unravel these relationships more comprehensively.
Purpose Trauma has been considered an important factor of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) etiology. The aim of the present study was to compare the frequency of TMDs in various mandibular ...fractures. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective cohort study. Mandibular fractures were subcategorized into 3 groups: group 1 had a unilateral condylar fracture, group 2 had a unilateral condylar fracture with a fracture of the contralateral body or angle of the mandible, and group 3 had a unilateral fracture of the body or angle of the mandible. TMD signs (click, pain) and maximum mouth opening (MMO) were the outcomes of the study, and fracture pattern was considered a predictor factor. Age, gender, and fixation methods were study variables. A χ2 test was applied to compare TMD signs among groups. One-way analysis of variance was applied to compare MMO and age among groups. Results Ninety-nine patients in the 3 groups were examined for TMD signs. Results showed that 54.54% of patients in group 1, 69.69% of patients in group 2, and 24.24% of patients in group 3 had click in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ; unilaterally or bilaterally). Analysis of the data showed a significant difference among groups ( P < .05). According to the results, 24.24% of patients in group 1, 73.91% of patients in group 2, and 12.12% of patients in group 3 had pain at the TMJ (unilaterally or bilaterally). There was a significant difference among groups for pain ( P < .05). Analysis of the data did not show any difference for MMO among groups ( P > .05). Conclusion Patients who had a condylar fracture and a contralateral angle or body fracture seemed to have more TMD signs than those with a unilateral fracture.
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are highly conserved non-coding RNAs with a short length (18–24 nucleotides) that directly bind to a complementary sequence within 3′-untranslated regions of ...their target mRNAs and regulate gene expression, post-transcriptionally. They play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. In the context of cancer, miRNAs are key regulators of growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance.
Main body
This review primarily focuses on miR-939 and its expanding roles and target genes in cancer pathogenesis. It compiles findings from various investigations. MiRNAs, due to their dysregulated expression in tumor environments, hold potential as cancer biomarkers. Several studies have highlighted the dysregulation of miR-939 expression in human cancers.
Conclusion
Our study highlights the potential of miR-939 as a valuable target in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. The aberrant expression of miR-939, along with other miRNAs, underscores their significance in advancing our understanding of cancer biology and their promise in personalized cancer care.
Recurrent herpes simplex virus or varicella zoster virus infection should be considered as one of the rare complications after AstraZeneca vaccination for COVID‐19.
Recurrent herpes simplex virus or ...varicella zoster virus infection should be considered as one of the rare complications after AstraZeneca vaccination for COVID‐19.
Purpose A bad split is a troublesome complication of the sagittal split osteotomy (SSO). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between the occurrence of a bad split and mandibular ...anatomy in SSO using cone-beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods The authors designed a cohort retrospective study. Forty-eight patients (96 SSO sites) were studied. The buccolingual thickness of the retromandibular area (BLR), the buccolingual thickness of the ramus at the level of the lingula (BLTR), the height of the mandible from the alveolar crest to the inferior border of the mandible, (ACIB), the distance between the sigmoid notch and the inferior border of the mandible (SIBM), and the anteroposterior width of the ramus (APWR) were measured. The independent t test was applied to compare anatomic measurements between the group with and the group without bad splits. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) test was used to find a cutoff point in anatomic size for various parts of the mandible related to the occurrence of bad splits. Results The mean SIBM was 47.05 ± 6.33 mm in group 1 (with bad splits) versus 40.66 ± 2.44 mm in group 2 (without bad splits; P = .01). The mean BLTR was 5.74 ± 1.11 mm in group 1 versus 3.19 ± 0.55 mm in group 2 ( P = .04). The mean BLR was 14.98 ± 2.78 mm in group 1 versus 11.21 ± 1.29 mm in group 2 ( P = .001). No statistically significant difference was found for APWR and ACIB between the 2 groups. The ROC test showed cutoff points of 10.17 mm for BLR, 36.69 mm for SIBM, and 4.06 mm for BLTR. Conclusion This study showed that certain mandibular anatomic differences can increase the risk of a bad split during SSO surgery.
This meta-analysis was conducted aiming to summarize the results obtained from the previous studies so that the effect of opium on blood lead levels (BLLs) can be investigated. Scopus, Embase, ...PubMed, and Web of Science (ISI) were systematically searched up to June 2020. Heterogeneity of the included studies was evaluated using Cochrane’s
Q
test and the
I
2
statistic. A random-effects model was used to pool the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Out of a total of 2372 citations, eleven articles with 916 participants (487 opium addicts and 429 controls) were included in the study. The meta-analysis results showed that there were higher lead levels (WMD = 14.59 μg/dL, 95% CI = 11.59 to 17.92,
Z
= 8.60,
P
< 0.001) in opium addicts than in the control group. The degree of heterogeneity observed (
P
< 0.001,
I
2
= 98.1%) might be mainly the result of the type of sampling and of consumption. Moreover, the findings of meta-regression analyses indicated that publication year (
β
= 1.23,
P
= 0.287), total sample size (
β
= 0.05,
P
= 0.728), and quality scores (
β
= − 2.91,
P
= 0.546) had no effects on lead levels in opium addicts. In the sensitivity analysis, it was found that the pooled WMDs remained stable after excluding one by one study. Oral opium consumption increased the amount of lead in the bloodstream, and the measurement of lead levels in opium addicts’ blood may be regarded as a useful test to diagnosis and prognosis of disorders that may lead poisoning causes.
PDF
