Estudios previos reportan la validación y correspondencia, o ambas, del índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico frente al índice tobillo brazo con Doppler, pero este último no corresponde al patrón de ...oro.
Determinar la validez de criterio del índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico comparado con la ecografía dúplex arterial de miembros inferiores para detectar enfermedad arterial periférica.
Estudio de evaluación de tecnologías diagnósticas realizado por muestreo transversal. De manera consecutiva, se reclutaron 101 personas del Instituto del Corazón de Bucaramanga con mínimo un factor de riesgo cardiovascular.
Se midió el índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico con equipo OMRON® M7 HEM 780 y posteriormente se hizo ecografía dúplex arterial de miembros inferiores, esta última patrón de oro; los evaluadores estaban enmascarados.
Las mediciones repetidas de la presión arterial en cada miembro, mostraron una reproducibilidad casi perfecta, pues sus coeficientes de correlación intraclase son superiores a 0,86 y el acuerdo del método fue adecuado ± 15mm Hg, para la mayoría de las mediciones. Según el análisis de la curva ROC, el punto de corte ≤ 1,1 del índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico, cuenta con sensibilidad alta (96,3%), especificidad baja (≤ 23,81%) y calidad de la sensibilidad moderada (0,67); los puntos de corte inferiores a ≤ 0,9 cursan con especificidad alta (≥ 90,48%), sensibilidad regular (≤ 70,37%), valores predictivos positivos, negativos y eficiencia moderados (≥ 70,37%), razón de probabilidad positiva cercana o superior al ideal (7–10), moderada calidad de la sensibilidad (0,58), sustancial calidad de la especificidad (0,66-0,78) y eficiencia o capacidad discriminatoria (0,62–0,67).
Los hallazgos permiten recomendar la medición del índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico en personas con factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, como una prueba de rutina, bien sea para tamizaje (punto de corte ≤ 1,1 ó ≤ 1,2) o diagnóstico (puntos de corte inferiores o iguales a ≤ 0,9), este último con mayor peso dada la alta especificidad de la prueba, RPP y calidad de la especificidad. Además, considerando que la medición del índice tobillo brazo por método oscilométrico es de bajo costo, requiere una sencilla capacitación del personal de enfermería y médico, y es de breve aplicación, podría ser empleada con facilidad en atención primaria en salud en personas con factores de riesgo cardiovascular.
Previous studies reported validation and/or correspondence of ankle-brachial index measured by OMRON (ABIO) versus an ABI measured by Doppler, but the latter is not the gold standard.
To determine the criterion validity of ABIO versus arterial duplex ultrasonography of lower extremities (ADULE) in detecting peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
Evaluation study of diagnostic technologies by cross sampling. One hundred one persons with at least one cardiovascular risk factor were recruited consecutively from the Heart Institute in Bucaramanga. The ABIO was measured with the OMRON® HEM 780 equipment, and the ADULE was measured as gold standard; evaluators were blinded.
Repeated measurements of blood pressure in each extremity showed almost perfect reproducibility, as their correlation coefficients were above 0.86 and the agreement of the method was adequate ±15mm Hg, for most measurements. According to ROC curve analysis, the cutoff for ABIO ≤1.1 had high sensitivity (96.3%), low specificity (≤ 23.81%) and moderate quality of sensitivity (0.67); cutoff points lower than 0.9 have high specificity (≥ 90.48%), moderate sensibility (≤70.37%), moderate predictive positive and negative values and efficiency (≥ 70.37%), positive likelihood ratio close to or above the ideal (7-10), moderate quality of sensibility (0.58), substantial quality of specificity (0.66–0.78) and efficiency or discriminatory ability (0.62–0.67).
These findings enable to recommend measurement of ABIO in people with cardiovascular risk factors as a routine test, either for screening (cutoff point ≤ 1.1 ó ≤ 1.2) or for diagnosis (cutoff point ≤ 0.9); the latter cutoff being of greater importance given the high specificity of the test, +LR and quality of specificity. Moreover, since ABI measurement by oscillometric methods is of low cost, requires a simple training of nurses and doctors, and is brief in its application, it could be easily used in primary health care in people with cardiovascular risk factors.
INTRODUCCIÓN: estudios previos reportan la validación y correspondencia, o ambas, del índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico frente al índice tobillo brazo con Doppler, pero este último no corresponde al ...patrón de oro. OBJETIVO: determinar la validez de criterio del índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico comparado con la ecografía dúplex arterial de miembros inferiores para detectar enfermedad arterial periférica. METODOLOGÍA: estudio de evaluación de tecnologías diagnósticas realizado por muestreo transversal. De manera consecutiva, se reclutaron 101 personas del Instituto del Corazón de Bucaramanga con mínimo un factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Se midió el índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico con equipo OMRON® M7 HEM 780 y posteriormente se hizo ecografía dúplex arterial de miembros inferiores, esta última patrón de oro; los evaluadores estaban enmascarados. RESULTADOS: las mediciones repetidas de la presión arterial en cada miembro, mostraron una reproducibilidad casi perfecta, pues sus coeficientes de correlación intraclase son superiores a 0,86 y el acuerdo del método fue adecuado ± 15 mm Hg, para la mayoría de las mediciones. Según el análisis de la curva ROC, el punto de corte < 1,1 del índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico, cuenta con sensibilidad alta (96,3%), especificidad baja (< 23,81%) y calidad de la sensibilidad moderada (0,67); los puntos de corte inferiores a < 0,9 cursan con especificidad alta (> 90,48%), sensibilidad regular (< 70,37%), valores predictivos positivos, negativos y eficiencia moderados (> 70,37%), razón de probabilidad positiva cercana o superior al ideal (7-10), moderada calidad de la sensibilidad (0,58), sustancial calidad de la especificidad (0,66-0,78) y eficiencia o capacidad discriminatoria (0,62-0,67). CONCLUSIÓN: los hallazgos permiten recomendar la medición del índice tobillo brazo oscilométrico en personas con factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, como una prueba de rutina, bien sea para tamizaje (punto de corte < 1,1 ó < 1,2) o diagnóstico (puntos de corte inferiores o iguales a < 0,9), este último con mayor peso dada la alta especificidad de la prueba, RPP y calidad de la especificidad. Además, considerando que la medición del índice tobillo brazo por método oscilométrico es de bajo costo, requiere una sencilla capacitación del personal de enfermería y médico, y es de breve aplicación, podría ser empleada con facilidad en atención primaria en salud en personas con factores de riesgo cardiovascular.INTRODUCTION: previous studies reported validation and/or correspondence of ankle-brachial index measured by OMRON (ABIO) versus an ABI measured by Doppler, but the latter is not the gold standard. Objective: to determine the criterion validity of ABIO versus arterial duplex ultrasonography of lower extremities (ADULE) in detecting peripheral arterial disease (PAD). METHODS: evaluation study of diagnostic technologies by cross sampling. One hundred one persons with at least one cardiovascular risk factor were recruited consecutively from the Heart Institute in Bucaramanga. The ABIO was measured with the OMRON® HEM 780 equipment, and the ADULE was measured as gold standard; evaluators were blinded. RESULTS: repeated measurements of blood pressure in each extremity showed almost perfect reproducibility, as their correlation coefficients were above 0.86 and the agreement of the method was adequate ±15 mm Hg, for most measurements. According to ROC curve analysis, the cutoff for ABIO < 1.1 had high sensitivity (96.3%), low specificity (< 23.81%) and moderate quality of sensitivity (0.67); cutoff points lower than 0.9 have high specificity (> 90.48%), moderate sensibility (<70.37%), moderate predictive positive and negative values and efficiency (> 70.37%), positive likelihood ratio close to or above the ideal (7-10), moderate quality of sensibility (0.58), substantial quality of specificity (0.66-0.78) and efficiency or discriminatory ability (0.62-0.67). CONCLUSIONS: these findings enable to recommend measurement of ABIO in people with cardiovascular risk factors as a routine test, either for screening (cutoff point £ 1.1 or £ 1.2) or for diagnosis (cutoff point £ 0.9); the latter cutoff being of greater importance given the high specificity of the test, +LR and quality of specificity. Moreover, since ABI measurement by oscillometric methods is of low cost, requires a simple training of nurses and doctors, and is brief in its application, it could be easily used in primary health care in people with cardiovascular risk factors.
This study describes the use of septal coronary venous mapping to facilitate substrate characterization and ablation of intramural septal ventricular arrhythmia (VA).
Intramural septal VA represents ...a challenge for substrate definition and catheter ablation.
Between 2015 and 2018, 12 patients with structural heart disease, recurrent VA, and suspected intramural septal substrate underwent a septal coronary venous procedure in which mapping was performed by advancement of a wire into the septal perforator branches of the anterior interventricular vein. A total of 5 patients with idiopathic VA were also included as control subjects to compare substrate characteristics.
Patients were 63 ± 14 years of age, and 11 (92%) were men. Most patients with structural heart disease had nonischemic cardiomyopathy (83%). Six patients underwent ablation for premature ventricular contractions (PVC) and 6 for ventricular tachycardia. All patients had larger septal unipolar voltage abnormalities than bipolar voltage abnormalities (mean area 35.3 ± 16.8 cm2 vs. 10.7 ± 8.4 cm2, respectively; p = 0.01), Patients with idiopathic VA had normal voltage. Septal coronary venous mapping revealed low-voltage, fractionated, and multicomponent electrograms in sinus rhythm in all patients with substrate compared to that in patients with idiopathic VA (amplitude 0.9 ± 0.9 mV vs. 4.4 ± 3.7 mV, respectively; p = 0.007; and duration 147 ± 48 ms vs. 92 ± 10 ms, respectively; p = 0.03). Ablation targeted early activation, pace map match, and/or good entrainment sites from intraseptal recording. Over a mean follow-up of 339 ± 240 days, the PVC and insertable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies burden were significantly reduced (from a mean of 22 ± 11% to 4 ± 8%; p = 0.005; and a mean 5 ± 2 to 1 ± 1; p = 0.001, respectively). Most patients (80%) with idiopathic VA remained arrhythmia free.
In patients with suspected intramural septal VA, mapping of the septal coronary veins may be helpful to characterize the arrhythmia substrate, identify ablation targets, and guide endocardial ablation.
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