Campylobacter lari is a thermotolerant bacterium that sporadically causes gastrointestinal diseases in humans and can be found in wildlife and the environment. C. lari is an understudied species, ...especially in wild birds such as gulls. Gulls are potentially good carriers of pathogens due to their opportunistic behavior and tendency to gather in large flocks. During winter and their breeding period, 1753 gulls were captured, and cloacal swabs were taken to be tested for the presence of C. lari. From isolated bacteria, the DNA was sequenced, and sequence types (ST) were determined. Sixty-four swabs were positive for C. lari, and from those, forty-three different STs were determined, of which thirty-one were newly described. The whole genome was sequenced for 43 random isolates, and the same isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using the broth microdilution method to compare them to WGS-derived antimicrobial-resistant isolates. All the tested strains were susceptible to erythromycin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol, and all were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was attributed to a gyrA_2 T86V mutation. Genes connected to possible beta-lactam resistance (blaOXA genes) were also detected.
Galebovi su skupina morskih ptica raširenih diljem svijeta koje su važan rezervoar Salmonella spp. Salmoneloza je druga najčešće prijavljena gastrointestinalna infekcija u ljudi i razumijevanje uloge ...koju divlje ptice imaju u širenju Salmonella spp. može pomoći u poboljšanju zdravlja ljudi i domaćih životinja. Mobilnost i migracijska sposobnost čini galebove vrlo zanimljivom skupinom za istraživanje zbog njihove potencijalne uloge u širenju patogena. Kroz ovaj rad prikazujemo raznolikost i prevalenciju Salmonella spp. kod nekoliko vrsta galebova ulovljenih na odlagalištu otpada tijekom zime u Zagrebu kroz devetogodišnje razdoblje, 2014.-2022. Ukupno je uzorkovano 1083 obrisaka kloake od šest vrsta galebova: riječni galeb (Larus ridibundus), galeb klaukavac (L. michahellis), pontski galeb (L. cachinnans), burni galeb (L. canus), tamnoleđi galeb (L. fuscus) i srebrnasti galeb (L. argentatus). Ukupna prevalencija Salmonella spp. je 5,82 % sa 16 identificiranih serotipova. S. Typhimurium ima najveću zastupljenost (47,62 %), zatim S. Enteritidis (12,69 %) i S. Infantis (9,52 %). Prema istraživanjima prisutnosti serotipova Salmonella spp. u galebova u Europi izolirana su njih 82, a najčešće dokazani je S. Typhimurium, zatim S. Agona i S. Enteritidis. Tijekom ovog istraživanja identificirana su tri serotipa koja ranije nisu izdvojena iz galebova S. Yalding i S. Reading
te jedan iz podvrste S. enterica subsp. diarizonae (IIIb_O:17; H:z10; H:e,n,x,z15).
Campylobacter lari is a thermotolerant bacterium that sporadically causes gastrointestinal diseases in humans and can be found in wildlife and the environment. C. lari is an understudied species, ...especially in wild birds such as gulls. Gulls are potentially good carriers of pathogens due to their opportunistic behavior and tendency to gather in large flocks. During winter and their breeding period, 1753 gulls were captured, and cloacal swabs were taken to be tested for the presence of C. lari. From isolated bacteria, the DNA was sequenced, and sequence types (ST) were determined. Sixty-four swabs were positive for C. lari, and from those, forty-three different STs were determined, of which thirty-one were newly described. The whole genome was sequenced for 43 random isolates, and the same isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using the broth microdilution method to compare them to WGS-derived antimicrobial-resistant isolates. All the tested strains were susceptible to erythromycin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol, and all were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was attributed to a gyrA_2 T86V mutation. Genes connected to possible beta-lactam resistance (blaOXA genes) were also detected.
Because of increasing urbanization, some opportunistic birds such as gulls, started to exploit various artificial marine and terrestrial food sources. To better understand urban gull ecology and ...habitat use, a study was done on a yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) during the breeding season in Zadar, a coastal city on the Adriatic Sea. Ten adult breeding yellow-legged gulls (five females and five males) were caught on building rooftops during the late incubation period and were fitted with GPS-GSM solar power transmitters. In total, 2377 trip segments (no. GPS points = 19906) were analyzed, with most of them being classified as nest attendance (56.32 %) and foraging movements (37.10 %). Tracking data showed that the gulls mostly use marine and urban areas, agricultural lands, a dump site, and grasslands. Females were more active while foraging, with a longer duration and trip segment length, travelling further away from the breeding colony, while males tended to rest more than females. Both males and females exploit various habitats for foraging and resting, however females used agricultural lands significantly more than males. Even though gulls are generalists, some individuals showed a preference for certain habitats. After calculating the proportional similarity index, individuals showed high specialization for a certain habitat.
Novo gnjezdilište utve Tadorna tadorna u Hrvatskoj Taylor, Louie Thomas
Larus - Godišnjak Zavoda za ornitologiju Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti,
01/2020, Letnik:
54, Številka:
1
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Tijekom istraživanja u ornitološkom rezervatu Palud 2019. godine zabilježeno je gniježđenje utve Tadorna tadorna. Zabilježen je jedan par sa sedam mladunaca. To je prvo zabilježeno gniježđenje utve u ...Istarskoj županiji te treće gniježđenje za Hrvatsku. Ostala mjesta gniježđenja su na solanama na otoku Pagu i u Ninu.
Tijekom istraživanja u ornitološkom rezervatu Palud 2018. godine zabilježeno je gniježđenje vlastelice Himantopus himantopus. To je prvo zabilježeno gniježđenje vlastelice u Istarskoj županiji. ...Zabilježeno je 16 odraslih jedinki odjednom, kako tjeraju predatore, što ukazuje na 8 gnijezdećih parova. Najbliže mjesto gniježđenja Paludu je Sečovljanska solana u Sloveniji udaljena oko 50 km od Paluda, dok je najbliže mjesto u Hrvatskoj Paška solana udaljena oko 120 km. Ukoliko se ne zamijeni uklonjena brana iz rezervata, to bi moglo dovesti do smanjenja broja njihovih parova ili potpunog prestanka gniježđenja.
Ptice gnjezdarice Paluda, Istra Taylor, Louie Thomas; Hadžalić, Sanjin; Horvat, Katarina ...
Larus - Godišnjak Zavoda za ornitologiju Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti,
03/2021, Letnik:
55, Številka:
1
Paper
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Tijekom proljeća 2020. godine provedeno je istraživanje ornitofaune u ornitološkom rezervatu Palud. Zabilježeno je 35 gnijezdećih vrsta ptica. Najbrojnije vrste su crnokapa grmuša Sylvia atricapilla, ...slavuj Luscinia megarhynchos, kos Turdus merula i bjelobrka grmuša Sylvia cantillans. Osjetljiva gnjezdarica Hrvatske, vlastelica Himantopus himantopus i malobrojna gnjezdarica Hrvatske, utva Tadorna tadorna zabilježene su kao gnijezdeće vrste. Potvrđeno je i gniježđenje kopca Accipiter nisus, vijoglava Jynx torquilla i goluba grivnjaša Columba palumbus koji do sada nisu bili zabilježeni na ovom području.
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