The π0 neutral meson pole mass is calculated in a strongly magnetized medium using the SU(2) Nambu–Jona–Lasinio model within the random phase approximation (RPA) at zero temperature and zero baryonic ...density. We employ a magnetic field dependent coupling, G(eB), fitted to reproduce lattice QCD results for the quark condensates. Divergent quantities are handled with a magnetic field independent regularization scheme in order to avoid unphysical oscillations. A comparison between the running and the fixed couplings reveals that the former produces results much closer to the predictions from recent lattice calculations. In particular, we find that the π0 meson mass systematically decreases when the magnetic field increases while the scalar mass remains almost constant. We also investigate how the magnetic background influences other mesonic properties such as fπ0 and gπ0qq.
IntroductionEating disorders are potentially severe, complex, and life-threatening. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and treat all the comorbidities that could worsen the prognosis.ObjectivesThe ...aims of this work are to assess if substance use disorders are frequently comorbid in patients suffering from eating disorders, what are the problems associated with drug consumption among these individuals, and what are the best therapeutic strategies in this dual psychiatric diagnosis.MethodsWe carried out a narrative review, by searching on PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using the expression “eating disorders and substance use disorders”. We included all types of scientific articles published between 2018 and 2022, and information was extracted regarding the objectives of this review.ResultsThe prevalence rates of substance use in eating disorders are higher than in general population. For eating disorders in general, substance use disorder (SUD) is the third most prevalent psychiatric comorbidity. According to a meta-analysis published in 2019, the lifetime prevalence rate of a comorbid SUD was 21.9% (95% CI 16.7-28.0). SUDs were more frequently comorbid among individuals with the binge/purge type, which has a specific phenotype characterized by greater impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, and problems with executive control. Individuals with this dual diagnosis had a higher number of psychiatric comorbidities, were more likely to be prescribed mood stabilizers, and were more sensitive to reward.Research suggests that eating disorders patients with co-occurring SUDs experience lower rates of treatment response, higher relapse rates, more severe medical complications, greater impairment, poorer long-term outcome, and are at higher risk of early mortality.To date, there is limited information guiding the concurrent treatment of eating disorders and SUDs. Dialectical Behavior Therapy for SUDs seems to be a promising treatment, but more research on its efficacy will be essential for establishing treatment protocols for these patients.ConclusionsSUDs have an impact on treatment response and increase mortality among people with eating disorders. The prevention and treatment of SUDs in this patient group is thus imperative to reduce mortality and increase the quality of life of these patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Many vertebrate species act as both plant pollinators and seed-dispersers, thus interconnecting these processes, particularly on islands. Ecological multilayer networks are a powerful tool to explore ...interdependencies between processes; however, quantifying the links between species engaging in different types of interactions (i.e. inter-layer edges) remains a great challenge. Here, we empirically measured inter-layer edge weights by quantifying the role of individually marked birds as both pollinators and seed-dispersers of Galápagos plant species over an entire year. Although most species (80%) engaged in both functions, we show that only a small proportion of individuals actually linked the two processes, highlighting the need to further consider intra-specific variability in individuals' functional roles. Furthermore, we found a high variation among species in linking both processes, i.e. some species contribute more than others to the modular organization of the multilayer network. Small and abundant species are particularly important for the cohesion of pollinator seed-dispersal networks, demonstrating the interplay between species traits and neutral processes structuring natural communities.
IntroductionRecent studies reported substantive clinical differences in those with a bipolar disorder who evidence elevated or irritable mood during a manic episode, which may have treatment and ...prognosis implications.ObjectivesWe aim to compare sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of inpatients admitted for bipolar mania with elevated vs. irritable mood.MethodsRetrospective observational study of inpatients admitted between January 1st 2018 and July 31st 2022 in a psychiatry inpatient unit of a tertiary hospital. Descriptive analysis of the results was performed using the SPSS software, version 26.0.ResultsOur sample included 143 inpatients, 39,9% (n=57) with elevated mood. When compared with those with irritable mood, euphoric patients had 2.765 more odds of having previous psychiatric hospitalizations (x2(1, N = 143) = 4.93; p = 0.026). Interestingly, 78.4% of inaugural manic episodes (n=19) presented with irritable mood (x2(1, N = 143) = 3.447; p = 0.063). We also found that a patient with euphoric mood has 2.575 greater odds of being under a mood stabilizer (x2(1, N = 143) = 5.026; p = 0.025) before admission. More specifically, there is a significantly higher proportion of euphoric patients that were prescribed with valproic acid as mood stabilizer (57.9% vs 37.2%; x2(1, N = 143) = 5.016; p = 0.015). This association was not found with lithium. We found no statistically significant differences regarding the sociodemographic characteristics, previous long acting injectable antipsychotic or antidepressant treatment and psychotic symptoms during manic episode between the two groups.ConclusionsPatients with elevated mood are more likely to have a previous bipolar disorder diagnosis, which may reflect an observer bias due to the fact that diagnosis is already known.The use of valproic acid as mood stabilizer may be a protective factor to irritable mood, since it’s currently prescribed in those with bipolar disorder who have more depressive or mixed instead of manic episodes. However, future studies are essential to understand the impact of mood stabilizer on these two contrasting phenotypic expressions.Differences related to disease severity or sociodemographic characteristics were not found.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
In this work we calculate the pole-mass of the ρ0 meson with different spin projections sz=0,±1 in the context of the magnetized two-flavor Nambu–Jona–Lasinio model. Making use of the mean field ...approximation to obtain the effective quark mass as a function of the magnetic field, we apply the random phase approximation (RPA) to the vector channel in order to calculate the polarization function for each spin component. We adopt the magnetic field independent regularization (MFIR) in our evaluations as a method of separating divergences and the Pauli-Villars regularization for the vacuum contributions. The ρ0 meson mass with spin projection sz=±1 is always catalyzed with the magnitude of the magnetic field, showing good agreement with Lattice QCD results. The mass projection sz=0 has a non-monotonic behavior, decreasing until the minimum at eB≲0.15 GeV2, which is in contrast with available LQCD data.
We use a three-flavor Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model to study the thermodynamics of strange quark matter under a strong magnetic field. The model Lagrangian features flavor SU(3) four-quark interactions ...and six-quark interactions that break the
U
A
(
1
)
symmetry. We incorporate thermomagnetic effects in the four-quark coupling by fitting lattice results for the average of
u
and
d
quark condensates close to the pseudocritical temperature. We compute the pressure at the mean field level and obtain the magnetization of quark matter. We adopt the recently proposed vacuum magnetic regularization (VMR) scheme, in that divergent quark mass independent contributions are not subtracted, thereby avoiding unphysical results for the magnetization. We devote special attention to the renormalized magnetization, a projected quantity that allows for direct comparisons with lattice QCD simulations. Our results are in very good agreement with lattice data indicating a paramagnetic behavior for quark matter.
Brazil’s engagement in international development cooperation (IDC) is not new; however, governmental funding and interest in this agenda have grown since the adoption of the 1988 constitution, ...particularly during the mandates of the two Workers’ Party (PT) presidents. Brazil’s IDC refers to a broad range of practices including educational, scientific, financial, humanitarian and technical cooperation; in this article, we focus on Brazil’s educational cooperation. Theoretically, the main argument advanced is that Brazil’s official engagement in IDC can be considered as an expression of a ‘graduation dilemma’, the main concept around which this special themed section of the journal is organized. Historically, this article focuses on the period between 2003 and 2014, beginning with Lula da Silva’s inauguration in his first presidential mandate and ending in the last year of Dilma Rousseff’s first mandate. Empirically, we deal with the following questions: what is Brazil’s contribution in the field of international development cooperation (IDC), particularly in respect of educational cooperation (IDC/ED)? And what are the norms and criteria driving Brazil’s decisions in this field? This article is divided into three main sections: first, an overview of Brazil’s IDC; second, a discussion of Brazilian IDC in the field of education; and third, a review of Brazil’s educational cooperation with Portuguese-speaking African (PALOP) countries.
.
The phenomenon of inverse magnetic catalysis of chiral symmetry in QCD predicted by lattice simulations can be reproduced within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model if the coupling
G
of the model ...decreases with the strength
B
of the magnetic field and temperature
T
. The thermo-magnetic dependence of
G
(
B
,
T
) is obtained by fitting recent lattice QCD predictions for the chiral transition order parameter. Different thermodynamic quantities of magnetized quark matter evaluated with
G
(
B
,
T
) are compared with the ones obtained at constant coupling,
G
. The model with
G
(
B
,
T
) predicts a more dramatic chiral transition as the field intensity increases. In addition, the pressure and magnetization always increase with
B
for a given temperature. Being parametrized by four magnetic-field-dependent coefficients and having a rather simple exponential thermal dependence our accurate ansatz for the coupling constant can be easily implemented to improve typical model applications to magnetized quark matter.
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