Aim
To evaluate the psychometric properties of the instruments to assess the mental health‐related stigma among health professionals and students in health sciences.
Background
Evidence on the ...stigmatization by health professionals of people with mental health illness is increasingly compelling. Valid and reliable instruments are needed for the assessment of mental health‐related stigma and effectiveness of anti‐stigma interventions.
Design
Systematic psychometric review.
Data sources
MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL (via EBSCO), PsycINFO, Scopus, and Open Grey from their inception to August 2017. No limits were applied.
Review methods
We included studies on the development of a measurement instrument or on the evaluation of one or more of its measurement properties. The methodological quality of the included studies and quality of the measurement instruments identified were assessed using the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist.
Results
We included 25 studies involving 15 measurement instruments. The “Atributtion Questionnaire” (five studies) and the “Opening Minds Scale for Health Care providers (OMS‐HC)” (four studies) were the most investigated instruments. Internal consistency, content validity, structural validity, and hypothesis testing were the measurement properties most commonly evaluated. Measurement error and responsiveness were investigated in only two studies. Eight psychometric properties of OMS‐HC were evaluated, three of which have a positive strong level of evidence.
Conclusions
A substantial number of instruments have been developed to assess mental health‐related stigma among health professionals. There is a lack of any assessment of certain measurement properties. The OMS‐HC is the instrument that had the strongest evidence.
目的
评估健康专业人士和健康科学专业学生心理健康相关耻辱感的心理测量学特性。
背景
健康专业人士对心理健康疾病患者的耻辱感的研究愈发令人信服。而评估与心理健康有关的耻辱感和抗耻辱感干预措施的有效性需要有效且可靠的工具。
设计
系统的心理测量学评估。
数据来源
MEDLINE(通过PubMed进行检索)、CINAHL(通过EBSCO进行检索)、PsycINFO、Scopus和Open Grey(从建立之初到2017年8月)。无任何限制。
评估方法
涵盖有关测量工具开发或对其一个或多个测量特性的评估的研究。采用基于共识选择健康测量工具的标准(COSMIN)清单来评估所纳入研究的方法学质量和所确定测量工具的质量。
结果
我们涵盖了涉及15种测量工具的25项研究。其中“Atributtion问卷”(五项研究)和“医疗服务人员开放心态量表(OMS‐HC)”(四项研究)为调查使用最多的工具。内部一致性、内容有效性、结构有效性和假设检验是最常用的测量特性。仅在两项研究中调查了测量误差和反应度。此外,我们还评估了OMS‐HC的八大心理测量学特性,其中三种拥有积极有力的证据。
结论
现已开发大量工具用来评估健康专业人士的与心理健康相关的耻辱感。然而,针对某些测量特性,有关其的各类评估明显缺乏。OMS‐HC为最强有力的证明工具。
Aims and objectives
To develop a new scale for assessing the associative stigma of mental illness in nursing based on Peplau's model of psychodynamic nursing and to examine its psychometric ...properties.
Background
The stigma of mental illness continues to cause problems today for patients, families and mental health professionals. For individuals with a mental disorder, stigma can result in restricted opportunities, social exclusion and the denial of rights. Associative stigma in mental health professionals is becoming a major problem and is related to increased depersonalisation, higher levels of emotional exhaustion and diminished job satisfaction among mental health professionals. Nursing may play a key role in reducing the stigma associated with mental illness, but there are no specific scales for the measurement of associative stigma in nursing.
Design
Development of an instrument. A STROBE checklist was completed.
Methods
This study involved two stages: (a) item generation and content validation; (b) examining the reliability and convergent/discriminant validity of the scale. A developmental and methodological design was used. Data were collected between November 2016–December 2017 from a sample of 737 nursing undergraduates.
Results
The results indicated good internal consistency for the final 20‐item scale for assessing the associative stigma of mental illness in nursing, which is considered in terms of three dimensions: Violence/Dangerousness, Disability, and Irresponsibility/Lack of Competence. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a three‐factor structure consistent with the theoretical model.
Conclusions
The 20‐item EVEPEM (from its Spanish acronym) derived from Peplau's theory was shown to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing the stigma of mental illness in the nursing setting.
Relevance to clinical practice
Reliable instruments are needed to measure the effectiveness of anti‐stigma interventions for mental health professionals. The results indicate that the tool developed is a valid and reliable instrument for use in the nursing setting.
Aim
To identify, critically appraise and summarize the measurement properties of instruments to assess self‐care in healthy children.
Background
Assessing self‐care is a proper consideration for ...nursing practice and nursing research. No systematic review summarizes instruments of measurement validated in healthy children.
Design
Psychometric review in accordance with the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) panel.
Data sources
MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Open Grey were searched from their inception to December 2016.
Review methods
Validation studies with a healthy child population were included. Search was not restricted by language. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of included studies using the COSMIN checklist.
Results
Eleven studies were included in the review assessing the measurement properties of ten instruments. There was a maximum of two studies per instrument. None of the studies evaluated the properties of test–retest reliability, measurement error, criterion validity and responsiveness. Internal consistency and structural validity were rated as “excellent” or “good” in four studies. Four studies were rated as “excellent” in content validity. Cross‐cultural validity was rated as “poor” in the two studies (three instruments) which cultural adaptation was carried out.
Conclusion
The evidence available does not allow firm conclusions about the instruments identified in terms of reliability and validity. Future research should focus on generate evidence about a wider range of measurement properties of these instruments using a rigorous methodology, as well as instrument testing on different countries and child population.
Abstract Context Meaning in life (MiL) is a construct that varies across individuals, situations, cultures, and countries, and protects against emotional distress at the end of life. Objectives To ...examine MiL in inpatients with advanced cancer from Barcelona, Spain, and to compare the findings with those obtained in German and Swiss samples. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which the Schedule for Meaning in Life Evaluation (SMiLE) was administered. The SMiLE asks respondents to list individual areas that give meaning in their lives and then to rate their current level of importance and satisfaction with the listed areas. Results A total of 101 inpatients completed the SMiLE. The Index of Satisfaction was 76.8 ± 21.1, the Index of Weighting was 88.0 ± 13.0, and the Index of Weighted Satisfaction was 76.9 ± 20.7. Family, partnership, well-being , and friends were the four areas listed by the largest proportion of Spanish patients. Compared with the German sample, Spanish patients were more likely to list well-being ( P < 0.01) and pleasure ( P < 0.05) and less likely to list animals/nature, leisure time , and finances ( P < 0.01). With respect to their Swiss counterparts, Spanish patients were more likely to list health ( P < 0.01) and less likely to list friends, leisure time, animals/nature , and finances ( P < 0.01). Conclusion Differences were identified in the areas of MiL listed by the participants according to country of origin. Compared with their German and Swiss counterparts, the Spanish patients listed more areas involving interpersonal relationships. Interpersonal relationships, at both the family and wider social level, are reported to be the areas that give the greatest MiL to these patients. These aspects, therefore, should be considered when drawing up care plans designed to help patients achieve the maximum possible comfort and quality of life.
The desire for hastened death or wish to hasten death (WTHD) that is experienced by some patients with advanced illness is a complex phenomenon for which no widely accepted definition exists. This ...lack of a common conceptualization hinders understanding and cooperation between clinicians and researchers. The aim of this study was to develop an internationally agreed definition of the WTHD.
Following an exhaustive literature review, a modified nominal group process and an international, modified Delphi process were carried out. The nominal group served to produce a preliminary definition that was then subjected to a Delphi process in which 24 experts from 19 institutions from Europe, Canada and the USA participated. Delphi responses and comments were analysed using a pre-established strategy.
All 24 experts completed the three rounds of the Delphi process, and all the proposed statements achieved at least 79% agreement. Key concepts in the final definition include the WTHD as a reaction to suffering, the fact that such a wish is not always expressed spontaneously, and the need to distinguish the WTHD from the acceptance of impending death or from a wish to die naturally, although preferably soon. The proposed definition also makes reference to possible factors related to the WTHD.
This international consensus definition of the WTHD should make it easier for clinicians and researchers to share their knowledge. This would foster an improved understanding of the phenomenon and help in developing strategies for early therapeutic intervention.
Purpose
To translate into Spanish and validate the anterior cruciate ligament-return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scale, and to evaluate the psychological factors that have the greatest impact on ...the return to play among Spanish football players.
Methods
The ACL-RSI was first translated into Spanish by two teams of bilingual experts. At the time of discharge, 114 amateur and semi-professional football players who underwent ACL reconstruction answered a questionnaire regarding demographic and injury-related data, along with the translated ACL-RSI, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11SV) and the injury-psychological readiness to return to sport (I-PRRS). Statistical analysis included reliability tests (Cronbach’s alpha and test–retest), construct validity and exploratory factor analysis.
Results
The ACL-RSI-Sp showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s
α
= 0.9), temporal stability (test–retest
r
= 0.9) and significant moderate correlations with the KOOS subscales of symptoms (
r
= 0.4;
p
< 0.01), pain (
r
= 0.4;
p
< 0.01), daily life (
r
= 0.4;
p
< 0.01), “sport” (
r
= 0.5;
p
< 0.01) and quality of life (
r
= 0.6;
p
< 0.01). Significant moderate and strong correlations were also observed for the ACL-RSI-Sp with the TSK (
r
= − 0.5;
p
< 0.01) and the I-PRRS (
r
= 0.8;
p
< 0.01), respectively. Confidence in performance (1) and fear and insecurity (2) explained 62.6% of the total variance in ACL-RSI-Sp.
Conclusions
The ACL-RSI-Sp was a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate the relevant psychological factors in the return to sports of Spanish football players after ACL reconstruction. Players’ confidence in performance and fear and insecurity were the most important factors influencing the return to play in this population.
Level of evidence
Level IV.
Resumen Objetivo Adaptar y validar el Child and Adolescent Self-Care Performance Questionnaire (CASPQ) al contexto de la población infantil sana de 8 a 12 años residente en España y evaluar sus ...propiedades métricas. Diseño Estudio de validación fundamentado en la Teoría Clásica de los Tests. Emplazamiento Cuatro centros educativos participantes en el programa «Salut i Escola» de un centro de atención primaria de Barcelona (España). Participantes Un total de 498 alumnos y alumnas de educación primaria participaron en el estudio durante los primeros seis meses de 2016. Mediciones principales Se realizó la adaptación cultural del cuestionario. Se evaluó el proceso de respuesta, la estructura factorial y se analizaron las relaciones de las puntuaciones del CASPQ con las del cuestionario KIDSCREEN-27. Asimismo, se evaluaron la consistencia interna y la reproducibilidad de las puntuaciones. Resultados Se obtuvieron 489 cuestionarios. El análisis factorial confirmatorio de su estructura teórica mostró un ajuste suficiente. Se observó una asociación positiva entre las puntuaciones del cuestionario y las del KIDSCREEN-27. La consistencia interna global fue satisfactoria; no obstante, la de cada factor fue marginal o moderada. La reproducibilidad de las puntuaciones fue óptima. Conclusiones El CASPQ adaptado a la población infantil sana de 8 a 12 años muestra unas propiedades métricas adecuadas y similares a las del cuestionario original. Por ello, es un instrumento útil para evaluar las prácticas de autocuidado y planificar intervenciones dirigidas a su promoción.
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