A
bstract
The ratio of branching fractions and the difference in
CP
asymmetries of the decays
B
+
→
J/ψπ
+
and
B
+
→
J/ψK
+
are measured using a data sample of
pp
collisions collected by the LHCb ...experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb
−1
at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The results are
ℬ
B
+
→
J
/
ψ
π
+
ℬ
B
+
→
J
/
ψ
K
+
=
3.83
±
0.03
±
0.03
×
10
−
2
,
A
C
P
B
+
→
J
/
ψ
π
+
−
A
C
P
B
+
→
J
/
ψ
K
+
=
1.82
±
0.86
±
0.14
×
10
−
2
,
where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. Combining this result with a recent LHCb measurement of
A
C
P
B
+
→
J
/
ψ
K
+
provides the most precise estimate to date of
CP
violation in the decay
B
+
→
J/ψπ
+
,
A
C
P
B
+
→
J
/
ψ
π
+
=
1.91
±
0.89
±
0.16
×
1
0
−
2
.
A
bstract
The charmless three-body decays
B
(
s
)
0
→
K
S
0
h
+
h
′ −
(where
h
(′)
=
π
,
K
) are analysed using a sample of pp collision data recorded by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an ...integrated luminosity of 3 fb
−1
. The branching fractions are measured relative to that of the
B
0
→
K
S
0
π
+
π
−
decay, and are determined to be:
$$ \begin{array}{l}\frac{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{K}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\mp}\right)}{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{K}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right)}=0.123\pm 0.009\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.015\left(\mathrm{syst}\right),\hfill \\ {}\frac{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{K}^{+}{K}^{-}\right)}{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right)}=0.549\pm 0.018\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.033\left(\mathrm{syst}\right),\hfill \\ {}\frac{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}_s^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right)}{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right)}=0.191\pm 0.027\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.031\left(\mathrm{syst}\right)\pm 0.011\left({f}_s/{f}_d\right),\hfill \\ {}\frac{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}_s^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{K}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\mp}\right)}{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right)}=1.70\pm 0.07\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.11\left(\mathrm{syst}\right)\pm 0.10\left({f}_s/{f}_d\right),\hfill \\ {}\frac{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}_s^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{K}^{+}{K}^{-}\right)}{\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({B}^0\to {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right)}\in \left0.008-0.051\right\kern0.5em \mathrm{at}\kern0.5em 90\%\kern0.5em \mathrm{confidence}\kern0.5em \mathrm{level},\hfill \end{array} $$
ℬ
B
0
→
K
S
0
K
±
π
∓
ℬ
B
0
→
K
S
0
K
+
π
−
=
0.123
±
0.009
stat
±
0.015
syst
,
ℬ
B
0
→
K
S
0
K
+
K
−
ℬ
B
0
→
K
S
0
π
+
π
−
=
0.549
±
0.018
stat
±
0.033
syst
,
ℬ
B
s
0
→
K
S
0
π
+
π
−
ℬ
B
0
→
K
S
0
π
+
π
−
=
0.191
±
0.027
stat
±
0.031
syst
±
0.011
f
s
/
f
d
,
ℬ
B
s
0
→
K
S
0
K
±
π
∓
ℬ
B
0
→
K
S
0
π
+
π
−
=
1.70
±
0.07
stat
±
0.11
syst
±
0.10
f
s
/
f
d
,
ℬ
B
s
0
→
K
S
0
K
+
K
−
ℬ
B
0
→
K
S
0
π
+
π
−
∈
0.008
−
0.051
at
90
%
confidence
level
,
where
f
s
/
f
d
represents the ratio of hadronisation fractions of the
B
s
0
and
B
0
mesons.
In this paper we describe a new, spectacular, unpredictable effect of the explosive evaporation of metallic Rb or K fractal clusters, only in the presence of excited atoms stimulated by resonant CW ...laser radiation in a heat-pipe glass cell. Evaporation occurs at low laser-power density, in the presence of a buffer gas. The effect consists of the generation of optically thick, sharply localized alkaline metals vapour clouds propagating in the cell against the laser beam. These clouds are charged and exhibit a strong luminescence of Rb or K spectral lines. We believe that the explosive evaporation of metallic fractal clusters observed is explained by the laser excitation of alkali atoms. The excited atom collides into the surface of the clusters and transfers its internal energy to the surface locally. This energy greatly raises the temperature of this local part of the clusters surface, melts it and decreases the fractal surface area. Because, in general, any fractal cluster systems have a high surface energy, some of processes which leads to decreasing their surface area can liberate the surface energy. This energy increases the total temperature of the clusters and eventually leads to the thermal explosion of the cluster.
The decays of $B_s^0$ and ${\overline{B}}_s^0$ mesons into the $J/ψK^+K^-$ final state are studied in the $K^+K^-$ mass region above the $Φ(1020)$ meson in order to determine the resonant ...substructure and measure the $CP$-violating phase, $Φ_s$, the decay width, $Γ_s$, and the width difference between light and heavy mass eigenstates, $ΔΓ_s$. A decay-time dependent amplitude analysis is employed. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb-1 produced in 7 and 8 TeV pp collisions at the LHC, collected by the LHCb experiment. The measurement determines $Φ_s$ = 119 ± 107 ± 34 mrad. A combination with previous LHCb measurements using similar decays into the $J/ψπ^+π^-$ and $J/ψΦ(1020)$ final states gives $Φ_s$ = 1 ± 37 mrad, consistent with the Standard Model prediction.
A search for the decay ${{K} ^0_{\mathrm { \scriptscriptstyle S}}} \rightarrow \mu ^+\mu ^-$ is performed, based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity ...of 3fb-1, collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8TeV. The observed yield is consistent with the background-only hypothesis, yielding a limit on the branching fraction of Β(${{K} ^0_{\mathrm { \scriptscriptstyle S}}} \rightarrow \mu ^+\mu ^-$ ) < 0.8 (1.0) × 10-9 at 90%(95%) confidence level. This result improves the previous upper limit on the branching fraction by an order of magnitude.
Measurements of the differential branching fraction and angular moments of the decay B 0 → K +π− μ + μ − in the K +π− invariant mass range 1330 < m(K +π−) < 1530 MeV/c 2 are presented. Proton-proton ...collision data are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment. Differential branching fraction measurements are reported in five bins of the invariant mass squared of the dimuon system, q 2, between 0.1 and 8.0 GeV2 /c 4. For the first time, an angular analysis sensitive to the S-, P- and D-wave contributions of this rare decay is performed. The set of 40 normalised angular moments describing the decay is presented for the q 2 range 1.1-6.0 GeV2 /c 4.
The decays
B
+
→
J
/
ψ
3
π
+
2
π
-
and
B
+
→
ψ
(
2
S
)
π
+
π
+
π
-
are observed for the first time using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb
-
1
, collected by the LHCb ...experiment in proton–proton collisions at the centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8
TeV
. The branching fractions relative to that of
B
+
→
ψ
(
2
S
)
K
+
are measured to be
B
(
B
+
→
J
/
ψ
3
π
+
2
π
-
)
B
(
B
+
→
ψ
(
2
S
)
K
+
)
=
(
1.88
±
0.17
±
0.09
)
×
10
-
2
,
B
(
B
+
→
ψ
(
2
S
)
π
+
π
+
π
-
)
B
(
B
+
→
ψ
(
2
S
)
K
+
)
=
(
3.04
±
0.50
±
0.26
)
×
10
-
2
,
where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.
Using decays to
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\begin{document}$$\phi $$\end{document}
ϕ
-meson pairs, the inclusive production of charmonium states in
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\begin{document}$${b} $$\end{document}
b
-hadron decays is studied with
pp
collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
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\begin{document}$$3.0 {\,\mathrm{fb}}^{-1} $$\end{document}
3.0
fb
-
1
, collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. Denoting by
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\begin{document}$${\mathcal {B}} _C \equiv {\mathcal {B}} ( {{b}} \!\rightarrow C X ) \times {\mathcal {B}} ( C\!\rightarrow \phi \phi )$$\end{document}
B
C
≡
B
(
b
→
C
X
)
×
B
(
C
→
ϕ
ϕ
)
the inclusive branching fraction of a
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\begin{document}$${{b}} $$\end{document}
b
hadron to a charmonium state
C
that decays into a pair of
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\begin{document}$$\phi $$\end{document}
ϕ
mesons, ratios
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\begin{document}$$R^{C_1}_{C_2}\equiv {\mathcal {B}} _{C_1} / {\mathcal {B}} _{C_2}$$\end{document}
R
C
2
C
1
≡
B
C
1
/
B
C
2
are determined as
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\begin{document}$$R^{{\upchi _{{{c}} 0}}}_{{\eta _{{c}}} (1S)} = 0.147 \pm 0.023 \pm 0.011$$\end{document}
R
η
c
(
1
S
)
χ
c
0
=
0.147
±
0.023
±
0.011
,
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\begin{document}$$R^{{\upchi _{{{c}} 1}}}_{{\eta _{{c}}} (1S)} = 0.073 \pm 0.016 \pm 0.006$$\end{document}
R
η
c
(
1
S
)
χ
c
1
=
0.073
±
0.016
±
0.006
,
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\begin{document}$$R^{{\upchi _{{{c}} 2}}}_{{\eta _{{c}}} (1S)} = 0.081 \pm 0.013 \pm 0.005$$\end{document}
R
η
c
(
1
S
)
χ
c
2
=
0.081
±
0.013
±
0.005
,
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\begin{document}$$R^{{\upchi _{{{c}} 1}}}_{{\upchi _{{{c}} 0}}} = 0.50 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.01$$\end{document}
R
χ
c
0
χ
c
1
=
0.50
±
0.11
±
0.01
,
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\begin{document}$$R^{{\upchi _{{{c}} 2}}}_{{\upchi _{{{c}} 0}}} = 0.56 \pm 0.10 \pm 0.01$$\end{document}
R
χ
c
0
χ
c
2
=
0.56
±
0.10
±
0.01
and
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\begin{document}$$R^{{\eta _{{c}}} (2S)}_{{\eta _{{c}}} (1S)} = 0.040 \pm 0.011 \pm 0.004$$\end{document}
R
η
c
(
1
S
)
η
c
(
2
S
)
=
0.040
±
0.011
±
0.004
. Here and below the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. Upper limits at 90% confidence level for the inclusive production of
X
(3872),
X
(3915) and
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\begin{document}$${\upchi _{{{c}} 2}} (2P)$$\end{document}
χ
c
2
(
2
P
)
states are obtained as
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\begin{document}$$R^{X(3872)}_{{\upchi _{{{c}} 1}}} < 0.34$$\end{document}
R
χ
c
1
X
(
3872
)
<
0.34
,
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\begin{document}$$R^{X(3915)}_{{\upchi _{{{c}} 0}}} < 0.12$$\end{document}
R
χ
c
0
X
(
3915
)
<
0.12
and
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\begin{document}$$R^{{\upchi _{{{c}} 2}} (2P)}_{{\upchi _{{{c}} 2}}} < 0.16$$\end{document}
R
χ
c
2
χ
c
2
(
2
P
)
<
0.16
. Differential cross-sections as a function of transverse momentum are measured for the
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\begin{document}$${\eta _{{c}}} (1S)$$\end{document}
η
c
(
1
S
)
and
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\begin{document}$$\chi _c$$\end{document}
χ
c
states. The branching fraction of the decay
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\begin{document}$${{{B}} ^0_{{s}}} \!\rightarrow \phi \phi \phi $$\end{document}
B
s
0
→
ϕ
ϕ
ϕ
is measured for the first time,
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\begin{document}$${\mathcal {B}} ( {{{B}} ^0_{{s}}} \!\rightarrow \phi \phi \phi ) = (2.15 \pm 0.54 \pm 0.28 \pm 0.21_{{\mathcal {B}}}) \times 10^{-6}$$\end{document}
B
(
B
s
0
→
ϕ
ϕ
ϕ
)
=
(
2.15
±
0.54
±
0.28
±
0
.
21
B
)
×
10
-
6
. Here the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction of the decay
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\begin{document}$${{{B}} ^0_{{s}}} \!\rightarrow \phi \phi $$\end{document}
B
s
0
→
ϕ
ϕ
, which is used for normalization. No evidence for intermediate resonances is seen. A preferentially transverse
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\begin{document}$$\phi $$\end{document}
ϕ
polarization is observed. The measurements allow the determination of the ratio of the branching fractions for the
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\begin{document}$${\eta _{{c}}} (1S)$$\end{document}
η
c
(
1
S
)
decays to
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\begin{document}$$\phi \phi $$\end{document}
ϕ
ϕ
and
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\begin{document}$${{p}} {\overline{{{p}}} $$\end{document}
p
p
¯
as
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\begin{document}$${\mathcal {B}} ( {\eta _{{c}}} (1S)\!\rightarrow \phi \phi )/{\mathcal {B}} ( {\eta _{{c}}} (1S)\!\rightarrow {{p}} {\overline{{{p}}} ) = 1.79 \pm 0.14\pm 0.32$$\end{document}
B
(
η
c
(
1
S
)
→
ϕ
ϕ
)
/
B
(
η
c
(
1
S
)
→
p
p
¯
)
=
1.79
±
0.14
±
0.32
.
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