Molecular motion associated with rotational and orientational phase transitions is one of the prominent structural strategies for assembling the functional materials such as artificial motors and ...tunable molecular dielectrics. Here, a new organic chromophore molecule, 4‐N,N‐dimethylamino‐4′‐N′‐methylstilbazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (complex 1), which undergoes an exceptional order‐disorder phase transition at 322 K, is successfully synthesized. The single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, thermal analysis, and dielectric measurements are used to characterize its dielectric dynamic behaviors. The results reveal that 1 behaves as a molecular rotator with the obviously distorted bipyramidal geometry of trifluoromethanesulfonate anions. In addition to its disorderings, two very distinct motions of the anionic moieties are confirmed, namely the “earth rotation” of partial units and the “earth revolution” of the whole molecule. Such unique molecular motions are found to be mainly responsible for the order–disorder phase transition together with the abrupt dielectric anomaly and anisotropy. The charge‐transfer cationic parts enhance the molecular motions behaving as the stator and give rise to its excellent third‐order nonlinearities. The concept may allow for the remote control of molecular events to explore functional materials in organic chromophores.
A new organic chromophore dielectric, 4‐N,N‐dimethylamino‐4′‐N′‐ methylstilbazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, which undergoes a reversible phase transition with striking dielectric anomalies, is synthesized as a molecular rotator. Two very distinct molecular motions are observed, namely the “earth rotation” of partial units and the “earth revolution” of the whole molecule. Above its critical point, the anionic moiety exhibits an unprecedented 51.2° orientational motion.
Protein‐staining platinum: The luminescent switch‐on characteristic of the platinum(II) complex can be utilized for staining a series of proteins in sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyarcylamide gels, to ...give emissive gel images directly under UV light (see figure). The detection sensitivity for BSA protein is down to 6.0 ng, revealing potential practical applications of luminescent platinum(II) complexes in the luminescent signaling of biomolecules.
Protein‐staining platinum: The luminescent switch‐on characteristic of the platinum(II) complex can be utilized for staining a series of proteins in sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyarcylamide gels, to give emissive gel images directly under UV light (see figure). The detection sensitivity for BSA protein is down to 6.0 ng, revealing potential practical applications of luminescent platinum(II) complexes in the luminescent signaling of biomolecules.
A conditionally replication-defective human cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccine (V160) derived from AD169 and genetically engineered to express CMV pentameric complex (gH/gL/pUL128/pUL130/pUL131) was ...developed and evaluated for phase 1 vaccine safety and immunogenicity in CMV-seronegative and CMV-seropositive adults.
Subjects received 3 doses of V160 or placebo on day 1, month 1, and month 6. Four vaccine dose levels, formulated with or without aluminum phosphate adjuvant, were evaluated. Injection-site and systemic adverse events (AEs) and vaccine viral shedding were monitored. CMV-specific cellular and humoral responses were measured by interferon-gamma ELISPOT and virus neutralization assay up to 12 months after last dose.
V160 was generally well-tolerated, with no serious AEs observed. Transient, mild-to-moderate injection-site and systemic AEs were reported more frequently in vaccinated subjects than placebo. Vaccine viral shedding was not detected in any subject, confirming the nonreplicating feature of V160. Robust neutralizing antibody titers were elicited and maintained through 12 months postvaccination. Cellular responses to structural and nonstructural viral proteins were observed, indicating de novo expression of viral genes postvaccination.
V160 displayed an acceptable safety profile. Levels of neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses in CMV-seronegative subjects were within ranges observed following natural CMV infection.
. NCT01986010.
ion of iodide from (η5‐C5iPr5)2UI (1) produced the cationic uranium(III) metallocene (η5‐C5iPr5)2U+ (2) as a salt of B(C6F5)4−. The structure of 2 consists of unsymmetrically bonded cyclopentadienyl ...ligands and a bending angle of 167.82° at uranium. Analysis of the bonding in 2 showed that the uranium 5f orbitals are strongly split and mixed with the ligand orbitals, thus leading to non‐negligible covalent contributions to the bonding. Investigation of the dynamic magnetic properties of 2 revealed that the 5f covalency leads to partially quenched anisotropy and fast magnetic relaxation in zero applied magnetic field. Application of a magnetic field leads to dominant relaxation by a Raman process.
Uranium sandwiches: ion of iodide from (η5‐C5iPr5)2UI produced the cationic uranium(III) metallocene (η5‐C5iPr5)2U+ as its B(C6F5)4− salt (see scheme). Appreciable covalency involving 5f and 6d orbitals in the uranocenium cation partially quenched the orbital angular momentum and led to slow magnetic relaxation in an applied field by a Raman mechanism.
Highlight • An effective vaccine for prevention of congenital HCMV infection is of high medical significance. • Previous candidates of modified virus vaccines or individual antigen vaccines were of ...moderate efficacy. • A pentameric gH complex is missing in vaccine composition in all previous candidates. • This pentameric complex is the key antigen for potent neutralizing antibodies. • Implications of this complex in HCMV vaccine design are reviewed.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent the most clinically used stem cells in regenerative medicine. However, due to the disadvantages with primary MSCs, such as limited cell proliferative capacity ...and rarity in the tissues leading to limited MSCs, gradual loss of differentiation during
expansion reducing the efficacy of MSC application, and variation among donors increasing the uncertainty of MSC efficacy, the clinical application of MSCs has been greatly hampered. MSCs derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-MSCs) can circumvent these problems associated with primary MSCs. Due to the infinite self-renewal of hPSCs and their differentiation potential towards MSCs, hPSC-MSCs are emerging as an attractive alternative for regenerative medicine. This review summarizes the progress on derivation of MSCs from human pluripotent stem cells, disease modelling and drug screening using hPSC-MSCs, and various applications of hPSC-MSCs in regenerative medicine. In the end, the challenges and concerns with hPSC-MSC applications are also discussed.
▶ This review gives an overview on the coordination chemistry of eight cyclohexanepolycarboxylic acids and explores their possible applications in materials science. ▶ Their conformational ...transformations via α-proton removal mechanism are discussed as well.
This review gives an overview on the coordination chemistry of eight cyclohexanepolycarboxylic acids,
i.e. cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3,5- and 1,2,4-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid and 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexacarboxylic acid, and explores their possible applications in materials science, especially as magnetic materials. The conformational transformation of cyclohexanepolycarboxylic acids in the presence of various metal ions under hydrothermal conditions is included and the α-proton removal mechanism is discussed as well.
•Develop a novel framework for simulating non-stationary non-Gaussian processes.•Transform non-stationary non-Gaussian ACF to non-stationary Gaussian ACF.•Translate underlying Gaussian processes into ...non-stationary non-Gaussian process using L-moments-based HPM.•Incompatibilities between L-moments and ACF are effectively resolved.•Demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.
A novel and efficient method is proposed for simulating strongly non-Gaussian and non-stationary processes by combining Karhunen–Loève expansion with Linear-moments-based (L-moments-based) Hermite polynomial model (HPM). In this method, the complete transformation from non-stationary non-Gaussian auto-correlation function (ACF) to non-stationary Gaussian ACF is realized using L-moments-based HPM. Then, the underlying Gaussian processes is represented by Karhunen–Loève expansion and further transformed into target non-stationary non-Gaussian processes by L-moments-based HPM. Moreover, a novel approach is proposed to deal with the two kinds of incompatibilities that may occur in strongly non-Gaussian processes, including that non-stationary non-Gaussian ACF falls outside of its applicable range and non-stationary Gaussian ACF is non-positive semi-definite. It can be found from some representative numerical examples that the precision and efficiency of the proposed method are considerable.
The conserved MRE11-RAD50-NBS1/Xrs2 complex is crucial for DNA break metabolism and genome maintenance. Although hypomorphic Rad50 mutation mice showed normal meiosis, both null and hypomorphic rad50 ...mutation yeast displayed impaired meiosis recombination. However, the in vivo function of Rad50 in mammalian germ cells, particularly its in vivo role in the resection of meiotic double strand break (DSB) ends at the molecular level remains elusive. Here, we have established germ cell-specific Rad50 knockout mouse models to determine the role of Rad50 in mitosis and meiosis of mammalian germ cells. We find that Rad50-deficient spermatocytes exhibit defective meiotic recombination and abnormal synapsis. Mechanistically, using END-seq, we demonstrate reduced DSB formation and abnormal DSB end resection occurs in mutant spermatocytes. We further identify that deletion of Rad50 in gonocytes leads to complete loss of spermatogonial stem cells due to genotoxic stress. Taken together, our results reveal the essential role of Rad50 in mammalian germ cell meiosis and mitosis, and provide in vivo views of RAD50 function in meiotic DSB formation and end resection at the molecular level.
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