Scholarly discussion on various issues related to St Jerome and his cult, including the age-old question of his birthplace, was recently revitalized following the publication of the translation of ...Josip Bedeković’s eighteenth-century monograph on the ‘Illyrian’ Doctor of the Church. This question has indeed intrigued various authors for quite some time, and we will try to offer some answers with respect to the rise of St Jerome’s cult in medieval Štrigova, a purported place of his birth, and to explain initial phases of the process which eventually included Štrigova into the relatively large group of places along the borders of Roman provinces of Pannonia and Dalmatia. In 1447 Freiderick of Cilli built a chapel dedicated to Saint Jerome in Štrigova and later strove to establish it as a pilgrimage site. He soon received a papal bull which recognized Štrigova as the birthplace of the Saint. Only after these mid-fifteenth-century events took place, Štrigova started to appear in numerous narrative and cartographic sources as his birthplace, a tradition still cherished today.
Još od 19. stoljeća hrvatska historiografija u Međimurje smješta viteške redove,
a do danas se zadržalo mišljenje da je toponim Novi Dvori na području
današnje Hlapičine bio dom ivanovaca. Prateći ...rezultate mađarske i slovenske
historiografije, rezultate arheoloških istraživanja te analizirajući izvore dolazimo
do zaključka da se srednjovjekovni preceptorat Nova Curia zapravo nalazio na
području današnjeg Újudvara kod Velike Kaniže. U nastavku rada bavimo se
istoimenim toponimom u Međimurju te dokazujemo da se isti nije ni pojavljivao
u izvorima u srednjem vijeku, već se javlja nakon turbulencija koje 16. stoljeće
donosi. Tada su zbog osmanske opasnosti Međimurje počele pogađati brojne
promjene koje su se odrazile na organizaciju vlastelinstva te samu strukturu stanovništva.
Konačno, prateći narativne izvore pokušavamo odgonetnuti i kako je
moglo doći do pogreške u 17. stoljeću, odnosno, kako je novovjekovno gospodarsko
središte postalo srednjovjekovni samostan. Za kraj nudimo moguće izvore
mitova i vijesti o viteškim redovima u Međimurju te samim time i smjerove
budućih istraživanja.
Since the 19th century, Croatian historiography located in Međimurje military orders, and to this day remained the opinion that the toponym Novi Dvori in the area of today’s Hlapičina was home of the ...Order of Saint John. After consulting the results of Hungarian and Slovene historiography, the results of archeological excavations and after analyzing the sources, we come to the conclusion that the medieval presbyitery of Nova Curia was actually in the area of today’s Újudvar nearby Velika Kaniža. In the continuation of the paper, we are analyzing the toponym of the same name in Međimurje, and we prove that it did not even appear in sources in the Middle Ages, but occurs after the turbulence of the 16th century. At that time, due to the Ottoman threat, in the area of Međimurje happened numerous changes that affected the organization of the possession and the structure of population. Finally, by analyzing the narrative sources, we are trying to figure out, why the mistake occurred in 17th century, and how a modern period manor house became a medieval monastery. Finally, we try to explain the possible origins of myths and legends about the military orders in the area of Međimurje, and thus directions for future researches.
SREDNJOVJEKOVNO PLEMSTVO MEĐIMURJA Turk, Zoran
Radovi Zavoda za znanstveni rad Varaždin,
2017, Letnik:
28, Številka:
28
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The first association, when talking about noble families in Međimurje, no matter if you are historian or just history enthusiast are Counts Zrinski. Zrinski were great heroes of Croatian and ...Hungarian history and they made Čakovec their primary possession. But it should be said that after the stabilization of border with Štajerska, Međimurje was home to many prominent and wealthy noble families from Hungarian kingdom. Throughout this Thesis we will analyze faiths of these above written noble families that had their assets in Međimurje. First such noble family was kindred of Haholds. They are responsible for stability in Međimurje. In their time, documents mention indigenous nobility of Međimurje, royal border guards or “iobagioni castri”, who entered into conflict with newcomers and after that, apparently, in their service. We will see that one of the members of this family is responsible for giving name to center of this county. In the last quarter of 13th century, border area was again destabilized and desolated. In that time, Međimurje fell into hands of captain of Štajerska. After the year of 1328 it is returned to king of Hungaria and seigniory was apparently in bad shape. New owners of Međimurje were family Lacković. They claimed their right to Međimurje in the year of 1350. In Croatian history, family Lacković was best known because of their conflict with king Sigismund which ended with famous Bloody Parliament in Križevci when Stephen of Čakovec was killed. After the family of Lacković new owner were family Sečenji which are derived from Croatian noble family Kačići. They did not stay long on this area.For the most part of 15th century owner of Međimurje are family Celjski and after them, their captain Fridrik Lamberg. Last analized noble family are Ernušti and with them we finish this analysis of rather interesting medieval history in Međimuje.
This paper investigates the ability of the phosphoric acid functionalized Prunus armeniaca stones biochar (AsPhA) prepared by thermochemical activation to remove lead (Pb2+), cadmium (Cd2+), nickel ...(Ni2+), naproxen and chlorophenols from aqueous wastes. The engineered biochar was characterized using the Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller technique. The batch studies were performed by varying the initial pH of the solution (2–9), adsorbent dosage (0.2–10gL−1), contact time (5–60min), temperature (22, 32 and 42°C) and initial adsorbate concentration (5–500mgL−1). With the optimal process conditions, the adsorption efficiency was over 95% (100mgL−1). The results were fitted with three kinetic and three equilibrium theoretical adsorption models. The adsorption process has good correlation with pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics. Adsorption mechanism was found to be controlled by pore, film and particle diffusion, throughout the entire adsorption period. The monolayer adsorption capacities were found to be 179.476, 105.844 and 78.798mgg−1 for Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy were also calculated. Additionally, preliminary results indicated a strong affinity of the biochar for selected organic micropollutants: naproxen and chlorophenols. Based on desorption study results, biochar was successfully regenerated in 3cycles with diluted phosphoric acid produced as a waste stream during washing of the biochar after thermochemical activation. The experimental results were applied in a two-stage completely stirred tank reactor design. Cost estimation of AsPhA production substantiated its cost effectiveness and adsorption costs of selected pollutants were 5 times lower than with the commercial activated carbons. Based on the low-cost and high capacity, engineered biochar can be used as a highly efficient eco-friendly adsorbent for removal of heavy metal and organic micropollutants from wastewaters systems.
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•Engineered biochar for heavy metals and organic micropollutants removal was studied.•Production cost and properties suggest that it can be a promising green adsorbent.•The adsorption capacity with 179.48mgg−1 mainly depends on the surface chemistry.•Adsorption mechanisms were detailed analyzed.•A novel biochar could be applied into slurry reactor wastewater treatment systems.
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•One of the highest prevalence of dleptospirosis in Europe with human incidence rate 1.53/100000.•Increased risk for human infections was related to defined parameters.•Variations in ...seroprevalence and changing trends in prevailing serogroups were recorded.•Importance of continuous monitoring with constant multidisciplinary communication.
Leptospirosis is a geographically widespread and globally underestimated zoonosis that affects humans and variety of animals. To identify trends and possible risk factors, joined medical and veterinary teams investigated epidemiology and epizootiology of leptospirosis in Croatia. Retrospective analysis of data obtained from referent diagnostic laboratories included a total of 1917 human and 123964 animal sera tested in the period from 2009 to 2014. We found high human leptospirosis average incidence rate of 1.53/100000 with clear predominance of male patients older than 40 years (sex ratio M/F:3.2; median age 51±15.1years). Statistical analysis revealed seasonal and annual variations of incidence in humans that were primarily associated with favourable weather conditions (temperature 10–19, 9°C and precipitation above 100mm/m2). Majority of infections in humans were caused by serogroups Sejroe, Australis and Icterohaemorrhagiae. Notable variations in seroprevalence and changing trends in prevailing serogroups were recorded in most of the domestic animals and during the entire period of investigation. All of the observed findings underline leptospirosis as a significant human and veterinary public health threat and emphasize the importance of continuous multidisciplinary surveillance. We also argue that only input from both professions improves our overall knowledge on leptospirosis and leads to better and more efficient prevention and control strategies.
Creatine and minocycline were prioritized for testing in Phase II clinical trials based on a systematic evaluation of potentially disease modifying compounds for Parkinson disease (PD).
To test ...whether creatine and minocycline alter the course of early PD relative to a predetermined futility threshold for progression of PD in a randomized, double-blind, Phase II futility clinical trial. Agents that do not perform better than the futility threshold are rejected as futile and are not considered for further study.
Participants had a diagnosis of PD within 5 years, but did not require medications for the management of symptoms. The primary outcome was the change in the total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) score from baseline to either the time when there was sufficient disability to warrant symptomatic therapy for PD or 12 months, whichever came first. Subjects were randomized 1:1:1 to receive creatine 10 g/day, minocycline 200 mg/day, or matching placebo. The futility threshold was set as a 30% reduction in UPDRS progression based on the placebo/tocopherol arm of the Deprenyl And Tocopherol Antioxidative Therapy Of Parkinsonism (DATATOP) trial. p values < or = 0.1 indicate futility.
Two hundred subjects were randomized to the three groups. Neither creatine (p = 0.96) nor minocycline (p = 0.66) could be rejected as futile based on the DATATOP futility threshold. The rate of progression for the calibration placebo group fell outside the 95% CI for the DATATOP historical control. In a sensitivity analysis, based on the threshold derived from the calibration placebo group, again neither drug could be rejected as futile. Tolerability was 91% in the creatine group and 77% in the minocycline group. Common adverse events included upper respiratory symptoms (26%), joint pain (19%), and nausea (17%).
Both creatine and minocycline should be considered for definitive Phase III trials to determine if they alter the long term progression of Parkinson disease (PD). Additional factors must be weighed before selecting agents for Phase III trials, including safety, tolerability, activity, cost, and availability of these two agents in comparison with other agents currently in development for PD.
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