Abstract Follicular thyroid cancer is the second-most common type of thyroid cancer after papillary thyroid cancer. Metastases to the mandible and maxillofacial region are rare. Our study presents a ...55-year-old patient who underwent total thyroidectomy for follicular thyroid cancer and subsequent radioactive iodine therapy. Sixteen years after diagnosis, elevated thyroglobulin levels suggested disease recurrence. Using advanced imaging techniques – Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan, bone scintigraphy, and posttreatment I-131 scan-an unexpected metastatic site was identified: the left mandibular condyle. A biopsy confirmed the presence of metastatic follicular thyroid cancer.
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is rare in children, but it still remains the most common endocrine malignancy in children. The aim of this study was to analyze treatment response to ...radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, clinical outcomes, recurrences, survival analysis, and long-term follow-up. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 43 pediatric patients (≤17 years of age) with DTC diagnosis after thyroidectomy who were treated with RAI. The follow-up protocol consisted of detailed clinical examination, testing of thyroid function, determination of serum thyroglobulin (Tg), and anti-Tg antibodies, and neck ultrasonography application. Forty-three pediatric patients (34 females and 9 males) treated with RAI for DTC in our institute. The median follow-up period was 54 months. The histologic classification was papillary thyroid cancer in 41 patients and the remaining 2 patients had follicular thyroid cancer. After the long-term follow-up, complete remission, partial remission, and recurrent-persistent disease were observed in 37 patients, 3 patients, and 3 patients, respectively. Among the series, 1 death occurred due to multiple metastases. The mortality rate is 2.56%. Total thyroidectomy followed by RAI appears to be the most effective treatment for patients with pediatric DTC in terms of reducing the rate of relapse and improving surveillance for recurrent disease.
Abstract Insular carcinoma of thyroid is a rare tumor, which accounts for 4 to 6% of thyroid malignancies. Clinically and morphologically it is considered to be in an intermediate position between ...well-differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid (papillary or follicular) and undifferentiated or anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Capsular and blood vessel invasion is seen frequently, and metastases to regional lymph nodes, lungs and bones are common. The initial presentation of distant metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer is rare. Thus metastatic thyroid carcinoma rarely involves the orbit. We report a rare case of choroidal metastasis from insular thyroid carcinoma.
Gelecek kuşakların yetiştirilmesinde belirleyici olan eğitim, devletlerin istikbali bakımından geçmişten bugüne önemli bir unsur olagelmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde de eğitim gelecek kuşakların ...yetiştirilmesinde etkili olmuştur. II. Meşrutiyet döneminde ise eğitim felsefeleri ve eğitime ilişkin strateji sorunları toplumsal gündemin tartışma konuları arasında yer almıştır. Ancak bu dönemde eğitimin mevcut yapısı, Osmanlının geleceğini kurtarmayı sağlayacak bir durumda değildi. Bu nedenle Meşrutiyetin başında, Müslüman Türk unsurun eğitimini yürüten kurumların ıslah edilmesi gündeme gelmiş ve yapılan tartışmalar sonucunda ıslahata ilkokullardan başlanması yönünde bir görüş birliğine varılmıştır. İlköğretim kapsamında 6 Ekim 1913’te Tedrisat-ı İptidaiye Kanun-ı Muvakkati uygulamaya konulmuştur. Bu kanun eğitim tarihimiz açısından son derece öneme sahiptir. Kanun ilk olma niteliğini taşımakla birlikte Cumhuriyet dönemi de dâhil uzun bir müddet yürürlükte kalmış, eğitim öğretim faaliyetlerine birçok yenilik ve çözüm getirmiştir. Kanun çıktığı döneme kadar iller bazında birtakım düzenlemeler ile yürütülen eğitim öğretim faaliyetleri ülkede tek bir kanunla bir çatı altında toplanmıştır. Bu yönüyle Tedrisat-ı İptidaiye Kanunu eğitim öğretim faaliyetlerini yerel boyuttan ulusal boyuta taşımıştır. Kanunun çıkarılma amacı, ilköğretimin genel yapısını belirleyip bir düzene kavuşturmak ve eğitimdeki finansal sorunlara çözüm üretmektir. Bu kanunla; o zamana kadar iptidai ve rüştiye olarak ikiye ayrılmış olan ilköğretim “mekatib-i iptidaiye-i umumiye” adı altında birleştirilerek altı yıllık iptidai okullar açılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu okulların yönetimleri ve masraflarının karşılanması vilayetlerde kurulan hususi idareye bırakılmıştı. Bu araştırmanın amacı II. Meşrutiyet döneminde Türk eğitim sistemindeki tartışmaları ele almak ve Tedrisat-ı İptidaiye Kanun-ı Muvakkati’nin ilköğretime getirdiği yenilikleri saptamaktır. Nitel araştırma deseninde tasarlanan çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak doküman incelemesi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda Tedrisatı İptidaiye Kanun-ı Muvakkati’nin orijinali Türkçeye transkripsiyon edilmiş ve elde edilen bulgular betimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenerek raporlaştırılmıştır.
Education, which is decisive in the upbringing of future generations, has been an important factor in the future of states from past to present. Education in the Ottoman Empire has also been effective in raising future generations. In the Second Constitutional Monarchy period, educational philosophies and educational strategy issues were among the discussion topics of the social agenda. However, the current structure of education in this period was not in a position to save the future of the Ottoman Empire. For this reason, at the beginning of the constitutional monarchy, the reform of the institutions that carry out the education of the Muslim Turkish element came to the agenda. As a result of the discussions, a consensus was reached to start the rehabilitation in primary schools. Tedrisat- İptidaiye Law was put into practice temporarily within the scope of primary education on October 6, 1913. This law is extremely important for our educational history. Besides being the first, the Law was in effect for a long time, including The Republic period and brought many innovations and solutions to educational activities. Until the enactment of the law, educational activities, which were carried out with some regulations on the basis of provinces, were gathered under a single law in the country. From this aspect, Tedrisat-ı İptidaiye Law has raised the value of educational activities from the local dimension to the national dimension. The purpose of enacting the law is to determine the general structure of primary education and bring it into order and to find solutions to financial problems in education. With this law, until then, primary education, which was divided into two as primitive and high school, was combined under the name of “mekatib-i iptidaiye-i umumiye”, and six-year primitive schools were started to be opened. The administration of these schools and the payment of their expenses were left to the private administration established in the provinces. The aim of this research is to deal with the debates in the Turkish education system during the Second Constitutional Monarchy and to determine the innovations brought by the Education Law of Education to primary education. The document analysis technique was used as a data collection tool in the study designed in qualitative research design. In line with the purpose of the study, the original of the Education Law was transcribed into Turkish and the findings obtained were analyzed and reported by descriptive analysis method.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of retinal damage among patients who had received high doses of radioiodine treatment. Forty eyes of 20 patients (3 male, 17 female) who received ...250-1000 mCi during 131I therapy and on ophthalmological follow up for a year after the last treatment were included in the study. Mean age of the study group was 50 years. In ophthalmologic examination, visual acuity was measured in order to determine visual loss. Intraocular pressure was measured in all the patients. Fundus observation was carried out through the dilated pupil with slit lamp biomicroscopy using 90 D noncontact lens. The best corrected visual aquity with Snellen chart was found as 1.0 in 36 eyes and between 0.6 and 0.9 in 4 eyes. At the biomicroscopic fundus examination, the retinal hemorrhage consistent with radiation retinopathy, microaneurysm, microinfarction, edema or exudation, vitreus hemorrhage, partial or total optical disc pallor indicating papillopathy in the optic disc were not observed in any of the eyes.
The aim of the study is to compare the results of the external exposure and the range of the dose spread by the patients, hospitalized in two different groups of 3–4 d receiving radioiodine therapy ...because of having hyperthyroidism (HT) and thyroid cancer (TC). A total of 1989 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Of the total 1517 patients had TC and 472 had HT. External exposure value was taken at hospital discharge and the distance for external measurement was 1 m at the abdominal level. External exposure values of 99.7 % patients were <30 µSv h−1 and of 0.3 %, >30 µSv h−1. The results between patient groups with TC and HT at third and fourth days, and the dissimilarity of measurement results within third and fourth days in total patients, without discriminating the day difference, are statistically meaningful. Although 3-d isolation period for 30 µSv h−1 limit is generally enough, it can be insufficient for some patients. Besides hospitalisation, the radiation safety training must be emphasised by establishing good communication with patients in order to protect their relatives and other people against radiation risk.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada kalça ve diz protezlerindeki septik-aseptik gevşeme ayırıcı tanısında üç fazlı kemik sintigrafisi ve Tc-99m siprofloksasin sintigrafisinin sonuçları karşılaştırmalı olarak ...değerlendirildi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya enfeksiyon ön tanısıyla kliniğimize yönlendirilen 50 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların 32'sinde (% 64) kalça protezi, 18'inde (% 36) diz protezi mevcuttu. Hastalara en az 3-5 gün arayla üç fazlı kemik sintigrafisi ve Tc-99m siprofloksasin sintigrafisi çekildi. Bulgular: Üç fazlı kemik sintigrafisi, 23 (% 46) hastada enfeksiyon açısından pozitif, 27 (% 54) hastada ise enfeksiyon açısından negatif olarak rapor edildi. Tc99m siprofloksasin sintigrafisi; 19 (% 38) hastada pozitif, 31 (% 62) hastada negatif olarak rapor edildi. Üç fazlı kemik sintigrafisi için sensitivite % 100 iken Tc-99m siprofloksasin sintigrafisi için % 86.6 (p0.05); negatif prediktif değer % 100'e % 93.5 (p
Objective: In this study, the results of three phase bone scintigraphy and Tc-99m ciprofloxacin scintigraphy were assessed comparatively in the diagnosis of the septic and aseptic loosening of the hip and knee prosthesis. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients who were referred to our clinic with the pre-diagnosis of infection were included in the study. Thirty two of the patients (64%) had hip prosthesis and 18 (36%) had knee prosthesis. Three phase bone scintigraphy and Tc-99m ciprofloxacin scintigraphy were applied at least 3-5 days interval in our clinic. Results: Three phase bone scintigraphy was reported as positive for 23 patients (46%) and negative for 27 patients (54%) in terms of infection. Tc-99m ciprofloxacin scintigraphy was reported as positive for 19 (54%) and negative for 31 patients (62%). The sensitivity for the three phase bone scintigraphy was found to be 100%. It was 86.6% for the Tc-99m ciprofloxacin scintigraphy. Specificity was 77.5% versus 82.8% (p0,05); negative predictive value was 100% versus 93.5% (p0,05), respectively. Conclusion: Besides being a sensitive method, three phase bone scintigraphy can be used confidently in preventing from the infection existence. Since, the specifity of Tc-99m ciprofloxacin scintigraphy is higher when compared with the three phase bone scintigraphy; the usage of both method in the septic-aseptic loosening sorting is suitable.
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