Today, one of the most common malignancies in women is breast cancer. Despite the large number of commercially available anticancer drugs, cancer cannot be cured without leaving adverse effects. The ...MCF-7, a human breast cancer cell line, has been the subject of the most research globally. Similarly, overexpression of the EGFR protein increases cell proliferation and decreases cell death or apoptosis. This can stimulate several downstream signaling pathways. Therefore, novel drugs against cancer with improved selectivity and specificity are required to overcome the limitations of present therapy. The
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-triazine derivatives have been designed and developed to exhibit excellent anticancer effects on the MCF-7 cell line and demonstrate enzymatic activity by blocking the EGFR via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Therefore, the major goal of this in-depth study is to analyze and summarize the literature on recent developments in
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-triazine-based heterocycles and their anti-breast cancer potential with structure-activity relationships (SAR).
Several emerging economies have embarked on a path of digitization to provide lean governance through platform-based applications. Platforms and ecosystems can play vital roles in the proliferation ...of technologies, which can facilitate a digital transformation of society aimed at equitable and efficient service delivery to citizens. Despite being innovative, citizen-centric, and citizen-inclusive, such platforms has been observed to be rare in emerging economies. Our study assesses the factors that lead to the intention to continue to use these platforms, with the objective of establishing a revised approach to better governance through these platform-based services. A conceptual framework is proposed, based on an integration of various models, and tested using primary data from citizens subscribing to platform-based government services. The results indicate that a continuous availability of such services has better predictive power for the continual-use intention. A unique contribution of the study worth highlighting is the significance of the factor, “sovereign structural assurance,” a pre-requisite for strengthening the degree of control. Based on this study's findings, it is recommended that platforms should invest in controls for structural assurance. These interventions can serve as contrivances that create a sustainable model for such services. A successful convergence of the factors would accelerate the government services by transforming the public service landscape.
•‘Sovereign Structural Assurance’ as a distinctive outcome of this study•Brings into focus platform governance to achieve lean governance•Explore subscriber's propensity of usage Expectation Confirmation Theory framework•Focuses on Trust and Security in ensuring continual usage
The 2019-Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had a global impact. The effect of environmental temperature on transmissibility and fatality rate of COVID-19 and protective efficacy of Bacillus ...Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination towards COVID-19 remains ambiguous. Therefore, we explored the global impact of environmental temperature and neonatal BCG vaccination coverage on transmissibility and fatality rate of COVID-19. The COVID-19 data for reported cases, deaths and global temperature were collected from 31st December 2020 to 3rd April 2020 for 67 countries. Temperature data were split into quartiles for all three categories (minimum temperature, maximum temperature and mean temperature). The impact of three types of temperature data and policy of BCG vaccination on COVID-19 infection was determined by applying the multivariable two-level negative binomial regression analysis keeping daily new cases and daily mortality as outcome. The highest number of cases fell in the temperature categories as following: mean temperature in the second quartile (6°C to 10.5°C), median 26, interquartile range (IQR) 237; minimum temperature in the first quartile (-26°C to 1°C), median 23, IQR 173; maximum temperature in the second quartile (10°C to 16°C), median 27.5, IQR 219. For the minimum temperature category, 28% statistically significant lower incidence was noted for new cases from the countries falling in the second quartile (2°C to 6°C) compared with countries falling in the first quartile (-26°C to 1°C) (incidence rate ratio IRR 0.72, 95% confidence interval CI 0.57 to 0.93). However, no statistically significant difference in incidence rate was observed for mean temperature categories in comparison to the first quartile. Countries with BCG vaccination policy had 58% less mortality as compared with countries without BCG coverage (IRR 0.42; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.95). Our exploratory study provides evidence that high temperature might not be associated with low transmissibility and countries having neonatal BCG vaccination policy had a low fatality rate of COVID-19.
Purpose
This study aims to explore the antecedents and consequences of reliance and its relationship with trust in the context of business-to-business (B2B) branding. The study also explores the ...above relationships in various B2B contexts.
Design/methodology/approach
Survey data of 135 respondents from different B2B firms was analyzed, and the proposed theoretical model was validated using partial least square structural equation modeling technique followed by multigroup analysis.
Findings
The results suggest that commitment, management capability and innovation capability are positively related with reliance, while trust acts as mediator between commitment–reliance relationships. Moreover, while both reliance and trust lead to B2B brand image, reliance has higher relationship strength. Furthermore, reliance mediates the trust–brand image relationship too.
Research limitations/implications
The paper contributes to the literature of reliance and its role in B2B brand image by providing newer insights about the antecedents and consequences of reliance and its relationship with trust.
Practical implications
The findings provide managers with key insights for creating B2B brand image using reliance and trust by focusing on capabilities and commitment.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the few papers in B2B marketing which focuses on the antecedents of reliance and relative importance of trust and reliance.
The design of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors has been greatly enhanced in recent years by the advancements in the production and integration of nanostructures, leading to more compact and ...efficient devices. There have been reports of novel SPR sensors having distinct nanostructures, either as signal amplification tags like gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) or as sensing substrate-like two-dimensional (2D) materials including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MXene, black phosphorus (BP), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and antimonene. Such 2D-based SPR biosensors offer advantages over conventional sensors due to significant increases in their sensitivity with a good figure of merit and limit of detection (LOD). Due to their atomically thin structure, improved sensitivity, and sophisticated functionalization capabilities, 2D materials can open up new possibilities in the field of healthcare, particularly in point-of-care diagnostics, environmental and food monitoring, homeland security protection, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and flexible or transient bioelectronics. The present study articulates an in-depth analysis of the most recent developments in 2D material–based SPR sensor technology. Moreover, in-depth research of 2D materials, their integration with optoelectronic technology for a new sensing platform, and the predicted and experimental outcomes of various excitation approaches are highlighted, along with the principles of SPR biosensors. Furthermore, the review projects the potential prospects and future trends of these emerging materials-based SPR biosensors to advance in clinical diagnosis, healthcare biochemical, and biological applications.
Graphical abstract
•Thermal and flow behavior of different waveform synthetic jet is studied.•Sinusoidal wave synthetic jet exhibits better thermal performance than square wave.•Sinusoidal wave synthetic jet exhibits ...higher jet spreading and mass flow rate.•A correlation for average Nusselt number for different waveforms is proposed.
Present experimental investigation reports the flow and thermal behavior of electromagnetically actuated circular orifice synthetic jet involving sinusoidal and square waveforms. The effect of Reynolds number (1656–2218), dimensionless axial distance (1–25), and the excitation frequency (100–175 Hz) on the thermal performance is studied here. The flow field is investigated using the hot wire anemometry and particle image velocimetry technique to couple the thermal behavior with fluid dynamics. The surface temperature is measured using an infrared thermal imaging camera. The average Nusselt number for synthetic jet with sinusoidal waveform is found to be 20.86% higher compared to the synthetic jet with square waveform. However, in the stagnation region, the square waveform exhibits 18.94% higher heat transfer compared to the sinusoidal waveform. The flow dynamics reveal the underline flow physics for the variation in the heat transfer rate. The velocity contours show a smooth and wide top hat with the sinusoidal waveform. However, in the case of square waveform, the velocity profile is narrow, which results in a decrease in entrainment of fresh ambient fluid into the jet. The sine wave exhibits 73.68% higher mass flow rate compared to square wave pattern at its diaphragm resonance frequency (150 Hz). The power spectral density of the velocity signal, obtained from the hot wire anemometry, is analyzed to understand the formation and propagation of vortex rings. A unified correlation for average Nusselt number is developed for both sinusoidal and square waveforms. The results obtained from the present experimental investigation provide significant guidance for the efficient design of synthetic jets for space-constrained electronics cooling.
Most microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices require suspended structures with high metallic thickness, which is not possible with standard sputtering techniques. Electroplating-based UV LIGA ...is a cost-effective technique preferred for fabricating thick metallic structures. Gold is preferred as a structural material for MEMS devices such as RF switches, among other metals, due to its high conductivity and low reactivity. For electroplating, a constant current supply is applied between the cathode (electroplating wafers) and the anode (metallic mesh) dipped in gold electrolyte. The value of electric potential is determined by the constant current supply, which is determined by the plating area/current density. The standard DC current supply produces bone structures and non-uniform deposition across the wafer. The Helmholtz or electrical double layer plays a vital role in controlling the profile of the electroplated film. This paper addresses the issues of non-uniform deposition and bone structures with agitation, wafer rotation and bipolar pulsed power supply.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to report the apparent linkage between knowledge management (KM) practices in a semi-structured sector and business sustainability. Micro, small and medium scale ...enterprises in developing economies are constrained by accessibility to resources and have not been able to reap the benefits of structured KM practices to fine-tune their business processes. Insights derived from business operations of such enterprises can be formalized into relevant knowledge creation. An effective KM can help in revival strategies for many traditional organizations like handloom that operate as a co-operative. Such business has come under immense challenges from new-age organizations in that particular sector. This study reports the brand revival and business sustainability journey of a handloom co-operative through effective knowledge assimilation and dissemination.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors have assessed the governance of small co-operative units in handloom and their supervision, which pose serious challenges for business sustainability. Their business data pertaining to productivity, sales and income for the period from 1997-1998 to 2015-2016 have been analyzed for business sustainability. A time-series analysis has been done on the above data set to track business sustainability of the handloom co-operative. The findings have been analyzed through a case-based study approach.
Findings
Over a period of one and half-decade, the handloom co-operative has been able to improve its product offering, which, in turn, led to the revival of the brand. Such transformation has resulted in revival of decades old brand through effective knowledge sharing, which is mainly tacit in nature. This case study based paper showcases that despite their inherent constraints, micro, small and medium enterprise organizations (many of which are semi-structured or unstructured in nature) can reap huge benefits by making efforts to put in place an effective KM mechanism.
Originality/value
There are very few reported studies, which have explored the linkage between tacit KM practices and business sustainability. Studies in context to a semi-structured small- and medium-scale enterprises are not available in published literature.
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