Make Yourself Clear Reshan Richards, Stephen J. Valentine
2019, 2019-04-29, 2019-05-07, 2019.
eBook
How can you communicate effectively and create meaningful interactions in an increasingly digital world? By teaching. In Make Yourself Clear, educational experts and entrepreneurs Reshan Richards and ...Stephen J. Valentine explain the many parallels between teaching and business and offer companies, both large and small, concrete advice for building the teaching capacity of their salespeople, leaders, service professionals, and trainers. The rise of digital communications has led to three emergent, often problematic, forces: automation, an increase in the speed and volume of information transfer, and an unmet need for people to feel more than satisfied in their interpersonal transactions, particularly between sellers and consumers. Through a mix of research, anecdotes, case studies, and theoretical speculation, this book equips readers to build understanding within their current and future audiences by leveraging the tools, methods, and mindsets used by successful teachers. You will be equipped to understand others better, and in turn, to be better understood. Make Yourself Clear is not prescriptive, nor does it suggest rigid steps, pillars, or frameworks. Instead, it provides immediately recognizable and relatable context, suggesting actions that can be tried, measured, tested, and iterated upon in any communication context that involves the exchange of information and ideas. * Ground your business communications in proven techniques * Profit from expert instruction given by those who have helped thousands of readers and workshop students * Develop your sales career by applying effective teaching practices to customer and colleague interactions * For educators, adopt the latest best practices into your teaching style Backed by thorough research and extensive real-world testing, Make Yourself Clear opens a door to more productive communication and more effective interactions. It offers compelling and relevant insights to longtime fans of the work of Richards and Valentine and newcomers alike, leading to real and lasting benefits.
Due to the importance of teachers in providing quality education, research in the last two decades has consistently focused on their effectiveness. However, there are inconclusive debates in the ...literature on the nature of relationships that exist between different supervisory strategies and their links to teachers' job performance. This study used a predictive correlation design to assess how five principals' supervisory practices contribute to teachers' job effectiveness generally and across three specific areas. Secondary school teachers that participated in the study were 284 and were selected using simple and purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected using a questionnaire. A bootstrapping procedure in covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) and multiple linear regression analysis were used for hypotheses testing at the .05 alpha level. Among others, findings revealed a significant joint prediction of classroom observation, supervision of sporting activities, instructional aids, team teaching and school record on teachers' job effectiveness generally and in the dimensions of lesson note preparation and classroom management, but not the use of instructional materials. Teachers who reported frequent classroom observation by principals also reported a higher level of lesson preparation but not other aspects of teaching effectiveness. The supervision of sporting activities significantly predicted teachers' overall effectiveness and specific aspects such as lesson preparation, instructional material use, and classroom management. This study can encourage school principals to gain more knowledge, facts and strategies required for effective and efficient school-based supervision.
Sedentary lifestyles have reached epidemic proportions world-wide. A growing body of literature suggests that exposures to adverse experiences (e.g., psychological traumas) are a significant risk ...factor for the development of physically inactive lifestyles. However, the biological mechanisms linking prior stress exposure and persistent deficits in physical activity engagement remains poorly understood.
The purpose of this study was twofold. First, to identify acute stress intensity thresholds that elicit long-term wheel running deficits in rats. To that end, young adult male rats were exposed to a single episode of 0, 50, or 100 uncontrollable tail shocks and then given free access to running wheels for 9 weeks. Second, to identify stress-induced changes to central monoamine neurotransmitters and peripheral muscle physiology that may be maladaptive to exercise output. For this study, rats were either exposed to a single episode of uncontrollable tail shocks (stress) or left undisturbed in home cages (unstressed). Eight days later, monoamine-related neurochemicals were quantified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) across brain reward, motor, and emotion structures immediately following a bout of graded treadmill exercise controlled for duration and intensity. Additionally, protein markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic activity were assessed in the gastrocnemius muscle by Western blot.
For experiment 1, stress exposure caused a shock number-dependent two to fourfold decrease in wheel running distance across the entire duration of the study. For experiment 2, stress exposure curbed an exercise-induced increase of dopamine (DA) turnover measures in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and augmented serotonin (5HT) turnover in the hypothalamus and remaining cortical area. However, stress exposure also caused several monoaminergic changes independent of exercise that could underlie impaired motivation for physical activity, including a mild dopamine deficiency in the striatal area. Finally, stress potently increased HSP70 and lowered SOD2 protein concentrations in the gastrocnemius muscle, which may indicate prolonged oxidative stress.
These data support some of the possible central and peripheral mechanisms by which exposure to adverse experiences may chronically impair physical activity engagement.
Individual scientists, scientific organizations, and government agencies have all concluded that eutrophication is among the most detrimental of all human activities in coastal ecosystems; very large ...amounts of funding have been earmarked to study the negative consequences of nutrient pollution. Most studies of eutrophication have been conducted long after the numbers and diversity of larger marine consumers were dramatically reduced by centuries of intense harvesting. It is now understood that these once abundant predators played pivotal roles in regulating ecosystem structure and function, and that the widespread overharvesting of large consumers can trigger indirect effects that alter species compositions in ways that are very similar to those reported to result from eutrophication. All of this suggests that we should reevaluate whether the many negative effects attributed to eutrophication are actually a result of nutrient additions or whether they may be the result of the indirect effects of dramatically altered coastal food webs. In this essay, we review experimental assessments of the degree to which changes in consumer abundances have indirectly altered the structure of benthic ecosystems in coastal waters, and on the relative importance of top-down and bottom-up effects on coral reefs, rocky shores, and seagrass meadows. We find that the evidence clearly indicates that indirect consumer effects are the primary drivers of coastal benthic ecosystem structure and function.
BACKGROUND:Carefully tailoring the transclival approach to the involved parts of the upper, middle, or lower clivus requires a precise understanding of the focal relationships of the clivus.
...OBJECTIVE:To develop an optimal classification of the upper, middle, and lower clivus and to define the extra and intracranial relationships of each clival level.
METHODS:Ten cadaveric heads and 10 dry skulls were dissected using the surgical microscope and endoscope.
RESULTS:The clivus is divided into upper, middle, and lower thirds by 2 endocranial landmarksthe dural pori of the abducens nerves and the dural meati of the glossopharyngeal nerves. Useful surgical landmarks exposed in the transnasal approach that aid in locating the junction of the clival divisions are the lower limit of the paraclival segment of the internal carotid artery, which is located 4.9 mm above the posterior opening of the vidian canal, and the pharyngeal tubercle. The upper, middle, and lower clival approaches provide access to the anterior midline parts of the previously described upper, middle, and lower neurovascular complexes in the posterior fossa. The nasal and nasopharyngeal relationships important in expanding the transnasal approach to the borders of the clivus are reviewed.
CONCLUSION:The transclival approach can be carefully tailored to expose focal lesions in the anterior part of the posterior fossa.
ABBREVIATIONS:AICA, anterior inferior cerebellar arteryPICA, posterior inferior cerebellar arterySCA, superior cerebellar artery
it is not clear if gait variability is linked to muscle strength or muscle quality (MQ). This study examined the relation between leg strength and lower extremity MQ and gait variability in healthy ...ambulatory older adults.
seventy-two older adults (43 females and 29 males; age: 69.5 ± 6.1 years) underwent assessments of gait, leg strength and body composition. Leg strength was assessed with an isokinetic dynamometer and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). MQ was calculated from the information muscle strength and body composition. Gait was assessed by having the subjects walk down a pressure sensitive walkway at self-selected normal speed. Variability of spatial and temporal parameters of gait was calculated.
there were minimal correlations between muscle strength and spatial parameters. However, both lower leg and upper leg MQ were negatively associated with spatial (r's = -0.24 to -0.49, P < 0.05) and temporal gait variability (r's = -0.27 to -0.35, P < 0.05). Also, lower leg MQ was found to be a better predictor of gait variability than upper leg MQ.
the results highlight that MQ may be an important determinant of gait function, even in healthy older adults.
Luminescent lanthanide (III) ions have been exploited for circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) for decades. However, very few of these studies have involved chiral samarium (III) complexes. ...Complexes are prepared by mixing axial chiral ligands (R/S))‐2,2’‐bis(diphenylphosphoryl)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl (BINAPO) with europium and samarium Tris (trifluoromethane sulfonate) (Eu (OTf)3 and Sm (OTf)3). Luminescence‐based titration shows that the complex formed is Ln((R/S)‐BINAPO)2(OTf)3, where Ln = Eu or Sm. The CPL spectra are reported for Eu((R/S)‐BINAPO)2(OTf)3 and Sm((R/S)‐BINAPO)2(OTf)3. The sign of the dissymmetry factors, gem, was dependent upon the chirality of the BINAPO ligand, and the magnitudes were relatively large. Of all of the complexes in this study, Sm((S)‐BINAPO)2(OTf)3 has the largest gem = 0.272, which is one of the largest recorded for a chiral Sm3+ complex. A theoretical three‐dimensional structural model of the complex that is consistent with the experimental observations is developed and refined. This report also shows that (R/S)‐BINAPO are the only reported ligands where gem (Sm3+) > gem (Eu3+).
There are contradictory results regarding how students' learning outcomes can be predicted by various family and community inputs among previous studies, creating an evidence gap. Furthermore, ...previous studies have mostly concentrated on the cognitive aspect of students' learning outcomes, ignoring the affective and psychomotor dimensions, creating key knowledge gaps. Bridging these gaps, this predictive correlational study was conducted to understand how cultural capital, parental involvement (family inputs), support for schools, security network and school reforms (community inputs) jointly and partially predict students' overall, cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes in the context of Calabar Education Zone, Nigeria. A random sample of principals (n=78) and students (n=915) recruited through a multistage approach, participated in the study. Data were collected through the physical administration of three sets of questionnaires designed by the researchers. The psychometric properties of the questionnaires (such as validity, dimensionality, reliability and goodness of fit) were all analysed and found acceptable based on pilot data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 27 and AMOS version 26 software. Results from the main study proved, among others, that family inputs (family social capital and parental involvement) jointly and individually had a significant contribution to students' overall, cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes. Similarly, community inputs (support for school, security network and school reforms) have significant composite and partial contributions to students' overall, cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes in public secondary schools. This result implies that parents and host community leaders must strengthen their partnerships with secondary schools and contribute their quota to institutions' curricular and co-curricular activities.
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