Abstract A young patient with undefined autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS-U) and low back pain underwent a CT and MRI study that showed enhancing vertebral lesions, some pulmonary nodules ...and diffuse latero-cervical lymphadenopathy. A18 F-FDG-PET/CT scan showed many areas of intense18 F-FDG uptake in multiple vertebrae, in some ribs, in the sacrum, in the liver, in both lungs, in multiple lymph nodes spread in the cervical, thoracic and abdominal chains. A bone marrow biopsy showed a “lymphomatoid granulomatosis”, a rare variant of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). After the treatment, the18 F-FDG-PET/CT scan showed a complete metabolic response.
A young patient with undefined autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS-U) and low back pain underwent a CT and MRI study that showed enhancing vertebral lesions, some pulmonary nodules and ...diffuse latero-cervical lymphadenopathy. A (18)F-FDG-PET/CT scan showed many areas of intense (18)F-FDG uptake in multiple vertebrae, in some ribs, in the sacrum, in the liver, in both lungs, in multiple lymph nodes spread in the cervical, thoracic and abdominal chains. A bone marrow biopsy showed a "lymphomatoid granulomatosis", a rare variant of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). After the treatment, the (18)F-FDG-PET/CT scan showed a complete metabolic response.
Dermal uptake is an important and complex exposure route for a wide range of chemicals. Dermal exposure can occur due to occupational settings, pharmaceutical applications, environmental ...contamination, or consumer product use. The large range of both chemicals and scenarios of interest makes it difficult to perform generalizable experiments, creating a need for a generic model to simulate various scenarios. In this study, a model consisting of a series of four well-mixed compartments, representing the source solution (vehicle), stratum corneum, viable tissue, and receptor fluid, was developed for predicting dermal absorption. The model considers experimental conditions including small applied doses as well as evaporation of the vehicle and chemical. To evaluate the model assumptions, we compare model predictions for a set of 26 chemicals to finite dose in-vitro experiments from a single laboratory using steady-state permeability coefficient and equilibrium partition coefficient data derived from in-vitro experiments of infinite dose exposures to these same chemicals from a different laboratory. We find that the model accurately predicts, to within an order of magnitude, total absorption after 24 h for 19 of these chemicals. In combination with key information on experimental conditions, the model is generalizable and can advance efficient assessment of dermal exposure for chemical risk assessment.
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•Development of a flexible model to predict small dose dermal exposure.•Minimized input parameters for quick evaluation of emerging chemicals.•Both chemical and vehicle evaporation are relevant.•Dynamics of neat chemical considered when vehicle is absent.•Experimental data used to evaluate model by matching inputs to reported conditions.
During the 20th century, air pollution control technologies grew at an amazingly rapid rate. Air quality in much of the industrialized world greatly improved as the efficiencies of these technologies ...improved. This continued improvement in pollution control has more recently been complemented with measures to prevent the emission of air pollutants. The previous, exclusive focus on treatment requires systems thinking. This review provides a framework for this Special Issue of Sustainability by describing the new tools that are needed to support this new, broader focus, including life cycle assessments, exposure models, and sustainable design.
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