Novel cell-based therapeutic angiogenic treatments for patients with critical limb ischemia may afford limb salvage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) do not overexpress E-selectin; however, we have ...previously demonstrated the cell-adhesion molecule's vital role in angiogenesis and wound healing. Thus, we created a viral vector to overexpress E-selectin on MSCs to increase their therapeutic profile.
Femoral artery ligation induced hind limb ischemia in mice and intramuscular injections were administered of vehicle or syngeneic donor MSCs, transduced
with an adeno-associated viral vector to express either GFP
(MSC
) or E-selectin-GFP
(MSC
). Laser Doppler Imaging demonstrated significantly restored reperfusion in MSC
-treated mice vs. controls. After 3 weeks, the ischemic limbs in mice treated with MSC
had increased footpad blood vessel density, hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E) ischemic calf muscle sections revealed mitigated muscular atrophy with restored muscle fiber size, and mice were able to run further before exhaustion. PCR array-based gene profiling analysis identified nine upregulated pro-angiogenic/pro-repair genes and downregulated
gene in MSC
-treated limb tissues, indicating that the therapeutic effect is likely achieved
upregulation of pro-angiogenic cytokines and downregulation of inflammation.
This innovative cell therapy confers increased limb reperfusion, neovascularization, improved functional recovery, decreased muscle atrophy, and thus offers a potential therapeutic method for future clinical studies.
Objectives. To determine the outcome predictors of in-hospital mortality in acute total occlusion of the left main coronary artery (ATOLMA) patients referred to emergent angioplasty and to describe ...the clinical presentation and the long-term outcome of these patients. Background. ATOLMA is an uncommon angiographic finding that usually leads to a catastrophic presentation. Limited and inconsistent data have been previously reported regarding true ATOLMA, yet comprehensive knowledge remains scarce. Methods. This is a multicenter retrospective cohort that includes patients presenting with myocardial infarction due to a confirmed ATOLMA who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Results. In the period of the study, 7930 emergent PCI were performed in the five participating centers, and 46 of them had a true ATOLMA (0.58%). At admission, cardiogenic shock was present in 89% of patients, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was required in 67.4%. All the patients had right dominance. Angiographic success was achieved in 80.4% of the procedures, 13 patients (28.2%) died during the catheterization, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 58.6% (27/46). At one-year and at the final follow-up, 18 patients (39%) were alive, including four cases successfully transplanted. Multivariate analysis showed that postprocedural TIMI flow was the only independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (OR 0.23, (95% CI 0.1–0.36), p<0.001). Conclusions. Our study confirms that the clinical presentation of ATOLMA is catastrophic, presenting a high in-hospital mortality rate; nevertheless, primary angioplasty in this setting is feasible. Postprocedural TIMI flow resulted as the only independent predictor of in-hospital mortality. In-hospital survivors presented an encouraging outcome. ATOLMA and left dominance could be incompatible with life.
Based on a wider systematic search on a family of 3-dimensional systems with quadratic nonlinearities, three new simple chaotic systems were found. One of them has the unusual feature of having a ...stable equilibrium point, and it is the simplest one of other chaotic flows with this property. The others have some interesting special properties.
In this work, a univariate and multivariate statistical analysis of indexes derived from heart rate variability (HRV) was conducted to stratify patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) in ...cardiac risk groups. Indexes conditional entropy, refined multiscale entropy (RMSE), detrended fluctuation analysis, time and frequency analysis, were applied to the RR interval series (beat-to-beat series), for single and multiscale complexity analysis of the HRV in IDC patients. Also, clinical parameters were considered. Two different end-points after a follow-up of three years were considered: (i) analysis A, with 151 survivor patients as a low risk group and 13 patients that suffered sudden cardiac death as a high risk group; (ii) analysis B, with 192 survivor patients as a low risk group and 30 patients that suffered cardiac mortality as a high risk group. A univariate and multivariate linear discriminant analysis was used as a statistical technique for classifying patients in risk groups. Sensitivity (Sen) and specificity (Spe) were calculated as diagnostic criteria in order to evaluate the performance of the indexes and their linear combinations. Sen and Spe values of 80.0% and 72.9%, respectively, were obtained during daytime by combining one clinical parameter and one index from RMSE, and during nighttime Sen = 80% and Spe = 73.4% were attained by combining one clinical factor and two indexes from RMSE. In particular, relatively long time scales were more relevant for classifying patients into risk groups during nighttime, while during daytime shorter scales performed better. The results suggest that the left atrial size, indexed to body surface and RMSE indexes are those that allow enhanced classification of ischemic patients in their respective risk groups, confirming that a single measurement is not enough to fully characterize ischemic risk patients and the clinical relevance of HRV complexity measures.
A substitution (Pherightward arrowIle) within the sodium channel gene sequence has been associated with pyrethroid resistance in Boophilus microplus. The aim of the present study was to analyze the ...inheritance of pyrethroid resistance and the mutant allele, on reciprocal crosses of a susceptible (SS) and a resistant (RR) strain. Bioassays and genotypes were determined to evaluate pyrethroid resistance. The resistance allele frequency of both parental strains were 100% and 2.27% for RR and SS, respectively. The reciprocal crosses show a predominance of the heterozygote genotype, in agreement with the significant decrease of the acaricide resistance to cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and flumethrin. However, the RS progeny showed a complete recessive survival (D ML = 0) for deltamethrin and flumethrin, suggesting a complete dominance of the susceptible allele and incomplete dominance for cypermethrin (D ML = 0.169). On the other hand, SR progeny showed a partially recessive survival for cypermethrin (D ML = 0.380), deltamethrin (D ML = 0.319), and flumethrin (D ML = 0.258), indicative of a partially dominant inheritance of the resistance. A possible maternal strain effect should be considered for practical purposes and prediction of acaricide resistance and further work needs to be done to elucidate the underlying inheritance of pyrethroid resistance and the sodium channel mutation in B. microplus.
Endurance and resistance exercises, alone or in combination, induce metabolic changes that affect tryptophan (Trp) catabolism. The kynurenine pathway (KP) is the main route of Trp degradation, and it ...is modulated by the inflammatory and redox environments. Previous studies have shown that KP metabolites work as myokines that mediate the positive systemic effects related to exercise. However, it is poorly understood how different exercise modalities and intensities impact the KP. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of two different exercise modalities, military diving and swimming, on the KP and the redox environment. A total of 34 healthy men from the Mexican Navy were included in the study, 20 divers and 14 swimmers, who started and stayed in military training consistently during the six months of the study; 12 Mexican men without fitness training were used as the control group. Physical fitness was determined at the beginning and after 6 months of training; criteria included body composition; serum levels of Trp, kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK); the glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG); and malondialdehyde (MDA).. Results showed a significant loss of body fat in both the diver and swimmer groups. Compared with the control group, divers showed a decrease in Trp and 3-HK levels, but no changes were observed in the KYN/Trp, KYNA/Trp or 3-HK/Trp ratios, while swimmers showed a decrease in KYN levels and an increase in the KYNA and 3-HK levels. Additionally, divers showed a decrease in the GSH/GSSG ratio and an increase in MDA levels, in contrast to the swimmers, who showed a decrease in MDA levels and an increase in GSH/GSSG levels. Our findings suggest a differential shift in the KP and redox environment induced by diving and swimming. Swimming promotes an antioxidant environment and a peripheral overactivation of the KP.
High-sensitivity double-gap phenolic resistive plate chambers (RPCs) are studied for the Phase-2 upgrade of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) muon system at high pseudorapidity
η
. Whereas the present ...CMS RPCs have a gas gap thickness of 2 mm, we propose to use thinner gas gaps, which will improve the performance of these RPCs. To validate this proposal, we constructed double-gap RPCs with two different gap thicknesses of 1.2 and 1.4 mm by using high-pressure laminated plates having a mean resistivity of about 5 × 10
10
Ω-cm. This paper presents test results using cosmic muons and
137
Cs gamma rays. The rate capabilities of these thin-gap RPCs measured with the gamma source exceed the maximum rate expected in the new high-
η
endcap RPCs planned for future Phase-2 runs of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
Mexican consensus on lysosomal acid lipase deficiency diagnosis Vázquez-Frias, R.; García-Ortiz, J.E.; Valencia-Mayoral, P.F. ...
Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition),
January-March 2018, 2018 Jan - Mar, 2018-01-00, 2018-01-01, Letnik:
83, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LAL-D) causes progressive cholesteryl ester and triglyceride accumulation in the lysosomes of hepatocytes and monocyte-macrophage system cells, resulting in a ...systemic disease with various manifestations that may go unnoticed. It is indispensable to recognize the deficiency, which can present in patients at any age, so that specific treatment can be given. The aim of the present review was to offer a guide for physicians in understanding the fundamental diagnostic aspects of LAL-D, to successfully aid in its identification.
The review was designed by a group of Mexican experts and is presented as an orienting algorithm for the pediatrician, internist, gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, geneticist, pathologist, radiologist, and other specialists that could come across this disease in their patients. An up-to-date review of the literature in relation to the clinical manifestations of LAL-D and its diagnosis was performed. The statements were formulated based on said review and were then voted upon. The structured quantitative method employed for reaching consensus was the nominal group technique.
A practical algorithm of the diagnostic process in LAL-D patients was proposed, based on clinical and laboratory data indicative of the disease and in accordance with the consensus established for each recommendation.
The algorithm provides a sequence of clinical actions from different studies for optimizing the diagnostic process of patients suspected of having LAL-D.
La deficiencia de lipasa ácida lisosomal (DLAL) ocasiona el almacenamiento de ésteres de colesterol y triglicéridos en los lisosomas de los hepatocitos y células del sistema monocito-macrófago y, como consecuencia, produce una enfermedad sistémica con manifestaciones variadas que puede pasar inadvertida; es indispensable reconocerla ya que puede diagnosticarse a cualquier edad y recibir tratamiento específico. El objetivo de este documento es ofrecer una guía que permita al médico conocer los aspectos fundamentales relacionados con el diagnóstico de la DLAL para garantizar su identificación. Este documento fue diseñado por un grupo de expertos y se presenta como un algoritmo para orientar al médico pediatra, internista, gastroenterólogo, endocrinólogo, genetista, patólogo, imagenólogo y otros especialistas que pudieran enfrentar a esta entidad.
Se realizó una revisión actualizada de la literatura con respecto a las manifestaciones clínicas y el diagnóstico de la DLAL por parte de los expertos mexicanos. Se plantearon las declaraciones con base en esta revisión y se sometieron a votación. Se utilizó el método cuantitativo estructurado de técnica de grupo nominal para alcanzar un consenso.
Se propone un algoritmo práctico del proceso diagnóstico de pacientes con DLAL, con base en datos clínicos y de laboratorio indicativos de la enfermedad, acorde con el consenso estabilizador para cada recomendación.
Este algoritmo proporciona una secuencia de acciones clínicas, basado en las manifestaciones clínicas obtenidas de los diferentes estudios, con el propósito de optimizar el proceso diagnóstico de los pacientes con sospecha de DLAL.
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