The purpose of this paper is to analyse productivity change of Estonian dairy farmsduring the period 2001-2009. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to estimate thetechnical efficiency of ...producers and Malmquist productivity index for analysis ofproductivity change. Estonian FADN data was used in analysis. Performed analysisindicated that Estonian EU accession in 2004 increased considerably total factorproductivity. Farm gate milk prices have considerable effect on total factor productivitychange. Number of cows and milk yield has positive and dependence on subsidies,stocking density and capital to working hours ratio have negative effects on total factorproductivity change.
This article provides an overview of the most important reforms, their background, and corresponding changes in Estonian agriculture during the transition period from 1988-2008. The past two decades ...have been divided into three sub-periods to outline differences in dynamics and the direction of changes in agriculture. From 1988-1995, the main reforms were implemented and agricultural production decreased rapidly. From 1995-2001, the decline stabilised and nonviable farms exited the sector. From 2001 onwards, the positive effects of the EU pre-accession period and EU membership can be observed. Das Ziel des vorliegenden Artikels ist es, einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Veränderungen in der estnischen Landwirtschaft im Transformationszeitraum 1988-2008 zu geben. In den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten gab es drei Entwicklungsperioden. 1988-1995 wurden die wichtigsten Reformen durchgeführt, und die landwirtschaftliche Produktion ist stark gesunken. 1995-2001 hat sich der Rückgang stabilisiert, der Sektor war teilweise nicht lebensfähig, und private Betriebe haben den Sektor verlassen. Seit 2001 kann man die positiven Auswirkungen des EU-Beitritts auf die Landwirtschaft beobachten.
The purpose of this paper is to analyse productivity change of Estonian dairy farms during the period 2001-2009. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to estimate the technical efficiency of ...producers and Malmquist productivity index for analysis of productivity change. Estonian FADN data was used in analysis. Performed analysis indicated that Estonian EU accession in 2004 increased considerably total factor productivity. Farm gate milk prices have considerable effect on total factor productivity change. Number of cows and milk yield has positive and dependence on subsidies, stocking density and capital to working hours ratio have negative effects on total factor productivity change.
Modelling the meat sector in Estonia Poeldaru, R, Estonian Univ. of Life Sciences, Tartu (Estonia). Inst. of Economics and Social Sciences; Viira, A.-H., Estonian Univ. of Life Sciences, Tartu (Estonia). Inst. of Economics and Social Sciences; Ariva, J., Estonian Univ. of Life Sciences, Tartu (Estonia). Inst. of Economics and Social Sciences ...
Economic science for rural development,
2015
37/2015
Journal Article
Improving the competitiveness of Estonian agriculture is the priority objective for Estonia’s agricultural policy. The livestock sector is among the most fundamental sectors of Estonian agriculture. ...The primary objective of this study is to model the Estonian livestock sector and to project patterns of future meat production and consumption. The model used for this purpose is multi-sectoral and comprises of econometrically estimated equations for all of the major products of the Estonian agricultural sector. The Estonian macroeconomic agricultural model is developed in order to analyse and project the medium-term developments of Estonian agricultural production and the structure of agricultural commodities. An approach based on FAPRI (FAPRI-Missouri's EU GOLD model) was used for creating the overall agricultural model which includes several modules (sub-models). Stochastic equations are estimated by two stage least squares (2SLS) and full information maximum likelihood (FIML) using data from 1993 to 2013 inclusive. Projections for the main endogenous variables are made for a seven-year period to 2020. We present and analyse the projections of production and consumption of beef, pork and poultry.
Decoupling direct payments and introducing single farm payment caused a structural break in the EU CAP farm subsidies system due to the removal of the link between production and payments. The ...effects of decoupling depend on the chosen single farm payment application model, the composition of previous coupled direct payments, and the structure of farming sector. In Estonia the single farm payment shall be implemented at latest in 2014. In addition, modulation shall be applied in Estonia in 2012, shifting part of the CAP Pillar I payments to Pillar II. The current paper demonstrates the magnitude of static effects of application of the single farm payment and modulation in different farm types and size groups. The analysis reveals that the major effects shall occur in dairy sector that would lose 28.5% of their direct payments, the main contributor being large farms that have more than 1000 t of dairy quota and 1249 ha of arable land on average. In arable and landscape farming sectors the effects would be positive, potentially inducing increase in land prices. There would also be a modest positive effect on subsidy level in cattle sector. However, as a result the dependency on direct payments would increase in arable, landscape and cattle sectors, possibly hampering the motivation to change farming systems as a result of change in subsidy system.
Factors associated with the violation of requirements of area based subsidies in Estonia Viira, A., Estonian Univ. of Life Sciences, Tartu (Estonia). Inst. of Economics and Social Sciences; Tedrema, K., Estonian Agricultural Registers and Information Board, Tartu (Estonia). Dept. of Direct Payments and Rural Development; Rahnu, A., Estonian Agricultural Registers and Information Board, Tartu (Estonia). Dept. of Direct Payments and Rural Development
Economic science for rural development,
2011
24/2011
Journal Article
Area based agricultural subsidies are tied with fulfilling several requirements that are related to policy objectives, e.g. cross-compliance or administrative requirements. Each Member State is ...obliged to check certain proportion of payment applications at the farms. The selection of farms to be checked is based on risk analysis and random selection. Violation of requirements is often associated with the concepts of moral hazard and adverse selection. Therefore, this paper studies the factors that affect the probability of violation of requirements. Knowledge about the relevant factors helps improve the risk analysis and thus improves the effectiveness of the checks and use of public funds. The administrative data of 2009 and the results of on the spot controls from Estonian Paying Agency were used in the research. The logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of several criteria (e.g. farm size, production type, business type, age etc.) on the probability that a farm violates the requirements.
