Highlights • We verified miR-15a/16 and miR-132 was significant down-regulated in invasive pituitary tumor tissues. • We demonstrated that miR-15a/16 and miR-132 synergistically inhibit Sox5 ...expression. • We claimed a model that is three miRNAs deregulation contributed to the tumorigenesis of invasive pituitary tumor.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to play critical roles in the development and progression of various cancers. However, little is known about the effects of the circular RNA network on ...glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).
A microarray was used to screen circRNA expression in GBM. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of circMMP9. GBM cells were transfected with a circMMP9 overexpression vector or siRNA, and cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as tumorigenesis in nude mice, were assessed to examine the effect of circMMP9 in GBM. Biotin-coupled miRNA capture, fluorescence in situ hybridization and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to confirm the relationship between circMMP9 and miR-124.
In this study, we screened differentially expressed circRNAs and identified circMMP9 in GBM. We found that circMMP9 acted as an oncogene, was upregulated in GBM and promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of GBM cells. Next, we verified that circMMP9 served as a sponge that directly targeted miR-124; circMMP9 accelerated GBM cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting miR-124. Furthermore, we found that cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and aurora kinase A (AURKA) were involved in circMMP9/miR-124 axis-induced GBM tumorigenesis. Finally, we found that eukaryotic initiation factor 4A3 (eIF4A3), which binds to the MMP9 mRNA transcript, induced circMMP9 cyclization and increased circMMP9 expression in GBM.
Our findings indicate that eIF4A3-induced circMMP9 is an important underlying mechanism in GBM cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis through modulation of the miR-124 signaling pathway, which could provide pivotal potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of GBM.
Heat stress due to global warming exerts deleterious effects on both humans and animals. However, nutritional strategies to reduce heat stress-induced intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction and the ...underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In the present study, 240 tilapia were distributed into four treatment groups that were fed a basal diet supplemented with or without 0.1% Yucca schidigera extract under normal (28 °C) temperature or heat stress (36 °C) conditions for 2 weeks. Our results showed that tilapia exposed to heat stress resulted in growth arrest, intestinal dysfunction, oxidative damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and pro-inflammatory response, which were significantly relieved by yucca supplementation. The alleviative effect of Yucca schidigera extract was related to the down-regulation of mRNA expression of ubiquitin-proteasome system (Polyubiquitin, Proteasome 26S, Proteasome α5, Proteasome β3, and Ubiquitin-like 3) and inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, and interleukin 8), as well as the improved histological structure and activation of Hsp70, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling, interleukin 10, lysozyme, complement 3, and acid phosphatase in the intestine of tilapia. Collectively, these results indicated that heat stress-induced growth arrest, intestinal dysfunction, and oxidative damage were alleviated by dietary supplementation with Yucca schidigera extract. This offers a nutritional way of improving the growth and intestinal health of tilapia exposed to a hot environment.
•Yucca alleviated the retarded growth and intestinal damage of tilapia induced by heat stress.•Yucca attenuated the endoplasmic reticulum stress in the intestine of heat-stressed tilapia.•Yucca enhanced the antioxidation and innate immunity of tilapia under heat stress conditions.
Understanding organic carbon (OC) sequestration in aggregates and OC stability under different fertilization practices is of key importance in improving soil quality and crop productivity and in ...mitigating the causes of climate change. A long-term field experiment established in 1990 was used to assess the influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on aggregate-associated OC and its mineralization and on the SOC stock at a soil depth of 0–20cm under an intensive wheat-maize cropping system on Anthrosol in North China. The study involved three treatments: CK, control without fertilization; NPK, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizers; MNPK, manure (M) combined with N, P and K fertilizers. Soil samples were collected and analyzed to determine the size distribution of aggregates, which were separated by dry sieving; the concentrations of OC and N in aggregates (>2, 0.25–2 and <0.25mm) and bulk soils; and respiration from aggregates and bulk soils in the 0–10 and 10–20cm layers after 21years. Fertilization did not affect the size distribution of aggregates in the surface soil layer, but there was a significant change in the subsurface layer in response to manure addition. Application of NPK and MNPK significantly and evenly augmented OC and N sequestration in the three aggregate classes tested. However, the OC mineralization rate was substantially higher in micro- than in macro-aggregates. Application of NPK and MNPK considerably increased OC mineralization in both aggregates and bulk soils; MNPK yielded the highest values. OC mineralization rates in bulk soils were comparable among the three treatments for the surface layer, but they increased in the subsurface layer because of adding manure. Overall, soils treated for 21years with NPK and MNPK showed increases in the OC pools in the top 20cm of 7.42 and 22.83MgCha−1, respectively, compared with the control treatment, and had average sequestration rates of 353 and 1087kgCha−1yr−1 respectively. Thus, appropriate application of NPK, alone or in combination with manure, can lead to improved OC sequestration by evenly augmenting aggregate-associated OC and providing the same degree of protection for OC in both macro-aggregates and micro-aggregates under a winter wheat-summer maize rotation on Anthrosol.
•Fertilization evenly augmented OC and N sequestration in all aggregates.•OC respiration rate was markedly higher in micro- than in macro-aggregates.•SOC respiration rates in bulk soil were same among treatments at 0–10cm layer.•SOC sequestration rates were 353kgCha−1yr−1 under NPK treatment.•SOC sequestration rates were 1087kgCha−1yr−1 under MNPK treatment.
A feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of four strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) i.e. Lactobacillus plantarum LL11 (LP), Weissella confuse LS13 (WC), Lactococcus lactis LH8 ...(LL) and Enterococcus faecalis LC3 (ES) isolated from marine fish on growth, immune response and expression levels of immune-related gens in body wall of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. As a result, sea cucumber had better growth performance fed supplementation of LP and ES than the control group (P < .05). Survival rate in each LAB supplementation group was significantly higher than that in control group after Vibrio splendidus challenge (P < .05). In regards to the enzyme activities, LP supplementation significantly imporved the enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) (P < .05), acid phosphatase (ACP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), ES supplementation significantly imporved AKP activity (P < .05), and WC supplementation significantly imporved ACP activity (P < .05). However, lysozyme (LSZ) activity was not significantly changed in the four LAB supplementation treatments (P > .05). For the gene expression levels, different expression patterns were observed among four groups, heat shock proteins (HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90) and caspase-2 showed dramatic up-regulation at 30 d while NF-kappa-B transcription factor p65 was down-regulated at 15 d and up-regulated at 30 d, and nitric oxide synthase was down-regulated at both timepoints in almost all the four groups. In conclusion, the four LAB strains screened from marine fish supplemented in diets indicated positive effects on immune response for A. japonicus, especially, the L. plantarum LL11 and E. faecalis LC3 indicated better growth performance.
•LAB strains that inhibit pathogen bacteria were isolated from marine fish.•Sea cucumber had better growth fed supplementation of Lactobacillus plantarum LL11 than control group.•Survival rate in LAB supplementation group was significantly higher than control group after vibrio challenge.•LAB strains screened from marine fish indicated positive effects on immune response for A. japonicus.
To solve the problem of low precision in soft sensor models caused by sensor data loss in industrial processes, a new method of sensor data generation based on generative adversarial nets (GAN) is ...proposed. Firstly, the missing area of sensor data is detected by the isolated forest algorithm. Secondly, conditional generative adversarial nets (CGAN) are training using the attributes of missing data. By adding random sequences to the input conditions of CGAN as additional information, the data is generated iteratively in CGAN. The wasserstein generative adversarial nets gradient penalty (WGAN-GP) cost function is used to improve the stability of network training. Finally, a sampler is introduced to fill the sampled data into the missing region and form a complete data set to improve the accuracy of the soft sensing model. In this paper, the temperature sensor data of a nickel flash furnace is used as the target variable for soft-sensing modelling, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method to improve the accuracy of the soft-sensing model are verified.
针对工业过程中传感器数据缺失造成软测量模型精度低的问题，提出一种基于生成对抗网络(generative adversarial nets, GAN)的传感器缺失数据生成方法。利用孤立森林算法检测出传感器数据的缺失区域；利用缺失数据属性特征训练条件生成对抗网络(conditional generative adversarial nets, CGAN)，在CGAN的输入条件中添加随机序列作为附加信息迭代送入CGAN中生成数据，并借助WGAN-GP(wasserstein generative adversarial nets gradient penalty)成本函数提高网络训练的稳定性；针对缺失区域检测结果引入采样器，将采样的数据填补进缺失区域，形成完整数据集，以提高软测量模型精度。以镍闪速炉温度传感器数据为目标变量进行软测量建模，验证所提出的提高软测量模型精度方法的可行性与有效性。
Soil aggregation was studied in a 21-year experiment conducted on an Anthrosol. The soil management regimes consisted of cropland abandonment, bare fallow without vegetation and cropping system. The ...cropping system was combined with the following nutrient management treatments: control (CONTROL, no nutrient input); nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK); straw plus NPK (SNPK); and manure (M) plus NPK (MNPK). Compared with the CONTROL treatment, the abandonment treatment significantly increased the formation of large soil macroaggregates (>2 mm) and consequently improved the stability of aggregates in the surface soil layer due to enhancement of hyphal length and of soil organic matter content. However, in response to long-term bare fallow treatment aggregate stability was low, as were the levels of aggregating agents. Long term fertilization significantly redistributed macroaggregates; this could be mainly ascribed to soil organic matter contributing to the formation of 0.5-2 mm classes of aggregates and a decrease in the formation of the >2 mm class of aggregates, especially in the MNPK treatment. Overall, hyphae represented a major aggregating agent in both of the systems tested, while soil organic compounds played significantly different roles in stabilizing aggregates in Anthrosol when the cropping system and the soil management regimes were compared.
In order to understanding the pathogenic mechanism of infectious diseases, it was important to study the selective recognition and interaction between pathogenic bacteria and host cells. In this ...paper, a novel electrochemical impedance biosensor was proposed, in which the Man/MUA-MH/Au sensing surface (Man: mannose; MUA: 11-mercapto eleven acid; MH: 6-mercapto hexanol) was fabricated and was of good biologically active and stability. The capture capacity of the designed sensing surface for S. typhimurium ATCC14028, E. coli JM109 and E. coli DH5α were characterized by Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). According to Randless equivalent circuit and the Frumkin isotherm model, electron transfer impedance (Ret) was obtained and the binding affinity of the three bacteria and Man was calculated. It was shown that the sensing surface had a better binding affinity for S. typhimurium ATCC14028 with KADS(S.T.) = 2.16 × 106 CFU/mL. The impedance normalized value NIC (S.T.-Man) was of a good linear relationship with the logarithm of bacterial concentration (R2 = 0.96) in the range of 50–1000 CFU/mL. The detection limit was 50 CFU/mL. Meanwhile, the E. coli JM109 which expresses type 1 fimbriae was also adsorbed on the designed sensing surface with KADS(JM109) = 5.84 × 103 CFU/mL. It was illustrated that the novel electrochemical impedance biosensor could be more rapid and reliable for studying interactions between pathogen and glycan, and it was also perspective for a new point-of-care diagnostic tool for evaluating the pathogenicity bacteria.
•A novel EIS biosensor was proposed for studying bacteria-glycan interactions.•A Man/MUA-MH/Au surface with good bioactivity and stability was constructed.•The adsorption coefficient of three kinds of bacteria were quantitatively detected.
Limited previous studies focused on the death and progression risk stratification of colorectal cancer (CRC) lung metastasis patients. The aim of this study is to construct a nomogram model combing ...machine learning-pathomics, radiomics features, Immunoscore and clinical factors to predict the postoperative outcome of CRC patients with lung metastasis. In this study, a total of 103 CRC patients having metastases limited to lung and undergoing radical lung resection were identified. Patch-level convolutional neural network training in weakly supervised manner was used to perform whole slides histopathological images survival analysis. Synthetic minority oversampling technique and support vector machine classifier were used to identify radiomics features and build predictive signature. The Immunoscore for each patient was calculated from the density of CD3+ and CD8+ cells at the invasive margin and the center of metastatic tumor which were assessed on consecutive sections of automated digital pathology. Finally, pathomics and radiomics signatures were successfully developed to predict the overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) of patients. The predicted pathomics and radiomics scores are negatively correlated with Immunoscore and they are three independent prognostic factors for OS and DFS prediction. The combined nomogram showed outstanding performance in predicting OS (AUC = 0.860) and DFS (AUC = 0.875). The calibration curve and decision curve analysis demonstrated the considerable clinical usefulness of the combined nomogram. Taken together, the developed nomogram model consisting of machine learning-pathomics signature, radiomics signature, Immunoscore and clinical features could be reliable in predicting postoperative OS and DFS of colorectal lung metastasis patients.
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