Quarkonia production in ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV had been studied at LHCb using the 2015 and 2018 datasets, separately. While only J/ψ ...production studies could be done in 2015, thanks to the increased statistics of the 2018 data sample, ψ (2 S ) has been accessed as well.
To reduce the dependence on oil and environmental pollution, the development of electric vehicles has been accelerated in many countries. The implementation of EVs, especially battery electric ...vehicles, is considered a solution to the energy crisis and environmental issues. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the technical development of EVs and emerging technologies for their future application. Key technologies regarding batteries, charging technology, electric motors and control, and charging infrastructure of EVs are summarized. This paper also highlights the technical challenges and emerging technologies for the improvement of efficiency, reliability, and safety of EVs in the coming stages as another contribution.
This paper mainly utilizes a knowledge graph to construct a two-way fusion clothing design system. The article is based on the model to extract the knowledge graph relationship of clothing and ...apparel, and the apriori association rule algorithm is used to mine the user’s preferences, and then the clothing is designed by digital technology. In the end, it examines the interconnectedness of the knowledge graph and the effect of recognition on different fabrics. The consumer’s satisfaction and attention to the impact of digitalized clothing design were studied, and the accuracy of clothing design size was explored. The study showed that the clothing design size error was kept within ±2%, and the overall customer satisfaction with the clothing design was between (3.9 and 4.35) with high overall satisfaction. This study can improve the design quality of apparel brands, reduce production costs, and provide new ideas and directions for future apparel design in the digital era.
Clathrate hydrate is an attractive technology for cold storage applications. It offers a high cold storage density and elevates the phase change temperature compared to water. It offers better heat ...transfer properties and improved cyclic stability compared to eutectic salts. This paper reviews previous work on clathrate hydrates as phase change materials (PCMs) for cold storage air conditioning applications. Three aspects have been focused on: the characteristics of clathrate hydrates, modification of clathrate hydrate properties, and practical utilization of clathrate hydrates as cold storage media. Specifically, refrigerant clathrate hydrates, CO2 hydrates, hydrocarbon clathrate hydrates and multi-component clathrate hydrates are introduced. Technologies to decrease equilibrium pressure, increase dissociation enthalpy, accelerate formation process, decrease supercooling extent and enhance gas solubility are summarized. Clathrate hydrates based cold storage air conditioning systems that transport cooling in a manner of fixed container as well as in hydrate slurry are reviewed, and optimizing methods of system performance are studied. Finally, four features of clathrate hydrates, namely the self-preservation effect, memory effect, gas conversion and hydrate structure transformation are discussed.
•This review summarizes the developments of NIR photoactivated nanomedicines for photothermal synergistic cancer therapy.•The designing principles, working mechanisms and applications of NIR ...photoactivated nanomedicines are introduced.•The existing challenges and further perspectives of NIR photoactivated nanomedicines are also discussed.
This review summarizes the recent development of near-infrared photoactivated nanomedicines for photothermal synergistic chemotherapy, enzyme therapy, gene therapy, photodynamic therapy, chemodynamic therapy, thermodynamic therapy, immunotherapy and multimodal therapies of cancer. Display omitted
Cancer nanomedicines have provided promising treatment strategies for the regression of several types of cancer, although there still exists a need for significant advances to improve their therapeutic outcomes and reduce side effects. In this context, photothermal therapy (PTT) that uses near-infrared (NIR) photoirradiation of photothermal agents to generate heat for localized thermal damages has been established as a safe therapeutic modality. In addition to direct ablation of tumors, the heat generated during PTT process can achieve on-demand release of other therapeutic compounds, regulation of gene transcription and enzyme activity and enhancement of chemical reactions in tumor tissues, thereby resulting in photothermal synergistic cancer therapy with obviously improved benefits. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in NIR photoactivated nanomedicines for photothermal synergistic cancer therapy. We introduce the designing principles and the working mechanisms of nanoparticles upon NIR photoirradiation and their applications in photothermal synergistic chemotherapy, enzyme therapy, gene therapy, photodynamic therapy, chemodynamic therapy, thermodynamic therapy, immunotherapy and their multimodal therapies for cancer. Moreover, we discuss the existing challenges and further perspectives in this field.
•Graphene/nano-Au composite was synthesized by electrochemical co-reduction method in one step.•Glucose oxidase achieves direct electrochemistry on the graphene/nano-Au composite film.•The glucose ...biosensor shows a high sensitivity of 56.93μAmM−1cm−2 toward glucose.•Glucose was detected with a wide linear range and low detection limit.
A simple, green and controllable approach was employed for electrochemical synthesize of the graphene/nano-Au composites. The process was that graphene oxide and HAuCl4 was electrochemically co-reduced onto the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by cyclic voltammetry in one step. The obtained graphene/nano-Au/GCE exhibited high electrocatalytic activity toward H2O2, which resulted in a remarkable decrease in the overpotential of H2O2 electrochemical oxidation compared with bare GCE. Such electrocatalytic behavior of the graphene/nano-Au/GCE permitted effective low-potential amperometric biosensing of glucose via the incorporation of glucose oxidase (GOD) with graphene/nano-Au. An obvious advantage of this enzyme electrode (graphene/nano-Au/GOD/GCE) was that the graphene/nano-Au nanocomposites provided a favorable microenvironment for GOD and facilitated the electron transfer between the active center of GOD and electrode. The immobilized GOD showed a direct, reversible redox reaction. Furthermore, the graphene/nano-Au/GOD/GCE was used as a glucose biosensor, displaying a low detection limit of 17μM (S/N=3), a high sensitivity of 56.93μAmM−1cm−2, acceptable reproducibility, very good stability, selectivity and anti-interference ability.
To secure phosphorus (P) from soil, most land plants use a direct phosphate uptake pathway via root hairs and epidermis and an indirect phosphate uptake pathway via mycorrhizal symbiosis. The ...interaction between these two pathways is unclear. Here, we mapped a network between transcription factors and mycorrhizal symbiosis-related genes using Y1H. Intriguingly, this gene regulatory network is governed by the conserved P-sensing pathway, centered on phosphate starvation response (PHR) transcription factors. PHRs are required for mycorrhizal symbiosis and regulate symbiosis-related genes via the P1BS motif. SPX-domain proteins suppress OsPHR2-mediated induction of symbiosis-related genes and inhibit mycorrhizal infection. In contrast, plants overexpressing OsPHR2 show improved mycorrhizal infection and are partially resistant to P-mediated inhibition of symbiosis. Functional analyses of network nodes revealed co-regulation of hormonal signaling and mycorrhizal symbiosis. This network deciphers extensive regulation of mycorrhizal symbiosis by endogenous and exogenous signals and highlights co-option of the P-sensing pathway for mycorrhizal symbiosis.
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•A new map of the rice mycorrhizal symbiosis transcriptional regulatory network•PHR-centered network controls arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis•Phosphate regulates mycorrhizal symbiosis via the SPX-PHR-centered network•Co-option of the conserved P-sensing pathway for mycorrhizal symbiosis
An interconnected network of 266 transcription factors and promoters of 47 mycorrhiza-related genes highlights a PHR-centered arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis transcriptional regulatory network in rice, which connects the indirect mycorrhizal phosphate uptake pathway with the direct phosphate uptake pathway.
The aboveground parts of terrestrial plants, collectively called the phyllosphere, have a key role in the global balance of atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen. The phyllosphere represents one of ...the most abundant habitats for microbiota colonization. Whether and how plants control phyllosphere microbiota to ensure plant health is not well understood. Here we show that the Arabidopsis quadruple mutant (min7 fls2 efr cerk1; hereafter, mfec)
, simultaneously defective in pattern-triggered immunity and the MIN7 vesicle-trafficking pathway, or a constitutively activated cell death1 (cad1) mutant, carrying a S205F mutation in a membrane-attack-complex/perforin (MACPF)-domain protein, harbour altered endophytic phyllosphere microbiota and display leaf-tissue damage associated with dysbiosis. The Shannon diversity index and the relative abundance of Firmicutes were markedly reduced, whereas Proteobacteria were enriched in the mfec and cad1
mutants, bearing cross-kingdom resemblance to some aspects of the dysbiosis that occurs in human inflammatory bowel disease. Bacterial community transplantation experiments demonstrated a causal role of a properly assembled leaf bacterial community in phyllosphere health. Pattern-triggered immune signalling, MIN7 and CAD1 are found in major land plant lineages and are probably key components of a genetic network through which terrestrial plants control the level and nurture the diversity of endophytic phyllosphere microbiota for survival and health in a microorganism-rich environment.
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