In recent years, faced with a complex economic development environment and the evolving dynamics of the Chinese workplace, talent has become a precious resource that is invaluable yet scarce for ...every enterprise. As Generation Z employees have gradually entered the labor market, they contribute new perspectives and energies to various enterprises and pose unique challenges. The traditional step-by-step approach no longer meets the needs of today's businesses. Companies require more proactive talents to drive superior performance. Individuals with proactive behavior can effectively plan their career paths and are better equipped to fulfill core organizational tasks. Therefore, it is crucial for organizations to effectively mitigate the perceived negative impacts of proactive behavior, encouraging individuals to exhibit more positive proactive actions.
Based on the proactive motivation model, this study investigates the effects of mentoring, balanced psychological contract, proactive behavior, and agreeableness on the proactive behaviors of new employees. The research surveyed 417 new employees from Guangdong Province, China, who had graduated within the last three years, with a gender distribution of 49.4% male and 50.6% female.
Structural Equation Modeling was used for data analysis, and the following results were obtained: First, mentoring positively affected the balanced psychological contract and new employees' proactive behavior. Second, mentoring positively affected the new employees' proactive behavior through the balanced psychological contract. Third, agreeableness played a moderating role in the relationship between mentoring and new employees' proactive behavior, and in the relationship between mentoring and the balanced psychological contracts. Finally, the positive indirect effect of mentoring through the balanced psychological contract on new employees' proactive behavior is positively moderated by agreeableness.
The results of this study offer new insights into mentoring research for new employees and provide practical guidance for fostering the balanced psychological contract and proactive behavior among new employees. This research enriches the existing literature on mentoring for new employees by demonstrating the integral roles of agreeableness and a balanced psychological contract in fostering proactive behavior, offering valuable insights for organizational practices aimed at enhancing employee proactivity.
The acoustic emission (AE) method is a popular and well-developed method for passive structural health monitoring of metallic and composite structures. The current study focuses on the analysis of ...one of its processes, sound source or signal propagation. This paper discusses the principle of plate wave signal sensing using piezoelectric transducers, and derives an analytical expression for the response of piezoelectric transducers under the action of stress waves, to obtain an overall mathematical model of the acoustic emission signal from generation to reception. The acoustic emission caused by fatigue crack extension is simulated by a finite element method, and the actual acoustic emission signal is simulated by a pencil lead break experiment. The results predicted by the mathematical model are compared with the experimental results and the simulation results, respectively, and show good agreement. In addition, the presence of obvious S0 mode Lamb waves is observed in the simulation results and experimental results, which further verifies the correctness of the analytical model prediction.
Side‐chain liquid crystalline polymer (SCLCP) usually contains a simple and flexible homopolymer as main chain, while its effect on the self‐assembly behavior is often ignored. In this work, in order ...to increase the structural complexity and investigate the interaction between the main chain and mesogens, perfluorinated segments are introduced into the main chain using a photoinduced Step Transfer‐Addition & Radical‐Termination polymerization method, producing a novel series of SCLCPs containing 4‐methoxyphenyl benzoate mesogens, soft hydrocarbon spacers, and a strictly alternating perfluoroalkyl and alkyl backbone. By adjusting the length of spacers or perfluoroalkyl segments, several mesophases with complex chain packing structures are achieved. This design strategy that constructing highly ordered liquid crystalline (LC) structures from SCLCPs with precise chemical structure provides a facile way toward novel LC nanomaterials.
A series of side‐chain liquid crystalline copolymers with an alternating hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon main chain are synthesized by Step Transfer‐Addition & Radical‐Termination polymerization. Several novel and interesting liquid crystalline (LC) structures, including nematic, smectic, and a possible 3D tetragonal LC phase, are formed by these copolymers, revealing the essentiality of fluorocarbon segment, as well as main‐chain structure, in obtaining complex LC phases.
Few data were available on the interactions between polyphenols and polysaccharides. The effects of the chemical structure of polyphenols on their interactions with oat β-glucan were analyzed. ...Ultrafiltration was applied to determine the adsorption capacities of polyphenols into oat β-glucan. Hydroxylation favored the adsorption of flavonoids with three or fewer hydroxyl groups but deteriorated those with four or more hydroxyl groups. Among flavonoid isomers, the adsorption capacities increased in the order flavonol > flvaone > flavanone > isoflavone. Glycosylation exerted complicated influences on the adsorption capacities of flavonoids into oat β-glucan. In most cases, methylation and methoxylation of phenolic acids lowered their adsorption capacities into oat β-glucan. Esterification of gallic acid weakened its adsorption capacity into oat β-glucan, whereas o-coumaric acid presented higher adsorption capacity into oat β-glucan than p- and m-coumaric acids. Galloylation improved the adsorption capacities of catechins into oat β-glucan.
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) might be related to the local inflammatory damage and the dysbacteriosis of intestinal flora. Probiotics can regulate the intestinal flora and ...ameliorate IBD. The probiotic
strain
JNFE0126 was used as the starter of fermented milk. However, the therapeutic effects of
-fermented milk on IBD remain to be explored. In this research, the therapeutic effect of
fermented milk on dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced IBD mouse model was evaluated. Besides, the expression of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines, the proliferation of the intestinal stem cells, and the reconstruction of the mucosa barrier were investigated. Finally, alteration of the gut microbiota was investigated by taxonomic analysis. As shown by the results, the disease activity index (DAI) of IBD was significantly decreased through oral administration of
(JNFE0126)-fermented milk, and intestinal mucosa injury was attenuated. Moreover,
could reduce the inflammatory response of the intestinal mucosa, induce proliferation of the intestinal stem cell, and promote reconstruction of the mucosal barrier. Furthermore,
could rebalance the intestinal flora, increasing the abundance of
,
, and
while decreasing the abundance of
and
. In conclusion, oral administration of the
-fermented milk could alleviate DSS-induced IBD
inhibition of inflammatory response, promotion of the mucosal barrier reconstruction, and regulation of the intestinal flora.
Intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition is one of the most important factors to affect meat quality in livestock and induce insulin resistance and adverse metabolic phenotypes for humans. However, the key ...regulators involved in this process remain largely unknown. Although liver kinase B1 (LKB1) was reported to participate in the development of skeletal muscles and classical adipose tissues. Due to the specific autonomic location of intramuscular adipocytes, deposited between or within muscle bundles, the exact roles of LKB1 in IMF deposition need further verified. Here, we cloned the goat LKB1 coding sequence with 1,317 bp, encoding a 438 amino acid peptide. LKB1 was extensively expressed in detected tissues and displayed a trend from decline to rise during intramuscular adipogenesis. Functionally, knockdown of LKB1 by two individual siRNAs enhanced the intramuscular preadipocytes differentiation, accompanied by promoting lipid accumulation and inducing adipogenic transcriptional factors and triglyceride synthesis-related genes expression. Conversely, overexpression of LKB1 restrained these biological signatures. To further explore the mechanisms, the RNA-seq technique was performed to compare the difference between siLKB1 and the control group. There were 1,043 differential expression genes (DEGs) were screened, i.e., 425 upregulated genes and 618 downregulated genes in the siLKB1 group. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis predicted that the DEGs were mainly enriched in the focal adhesion pathway and its classical downstream signal, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Specifically, knockdown of LKB1 increased the mRNA level of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and
vice versa
in LKB1-overexpressed cells, a key component of the activated focal adhesion pathway. Convincingly, blocking this pathway by a specific FAK inhibitor (PF573228) rescued the observed phenotypes in LKB1 knockdown adipocytes. In conclusion, LKB1 inhibited goat intramuscular adipogenesis through the focal adhesion pathway. This work expanded the genetic regulator networks of IMF deposition and provided theoretical support for improving human health and meat quality from the aspect of IMF deposition.
To solve the trajectory tracking problem of insufficient response and the large tracking error of remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) under the interference of large ocean currents, this paper proposes ...a double-loop sliding mode controller with an ocean current observer. The designed controller consisted of an outer-loop controller (the position controller) and an inner-loop controller (the velocity controller): the outer controller was designed by the position error, and a reference velocity was created for the inner loop to achieve accurate positioning and attitude tracking. The reference control input was treated as a new target to design the inner-loop controller, enabling the ROV to achieve accurate reference velocity tracking. Based on the theoretical idea of active disturbance rejection control, a kinematic equation-based ocean current observer was designed to estimate and compensate for large unknown currents to ensure accurate trajectory tracking performance under large currents. The simulation results proved that the double-loop sliding-mode control scheme with an ocean current observer always showed good tracking performance, demonstrating the excellent control performance and high robustness of the scheme. Compared with the high-complexity control schemes such as neural network-based PID control or fuzzy sliding mode control, it effectively improves the robustness to ocean current disturbances without increasing the computational effort excessively, and is more practical in ROV systems with limited computational power.
The electrochemical and Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) behaviors of 7085-T7651 aluminum alloy in different environments are studied by electrochemical and mechanical testing. The research shows that ...the type, concentration of the corrosive medium and electrolyte state affect the electrochemical and SCC controlling processes of aluminum alloys. The Thin Electrolyte Layer (TEL) state and the addition of HSO3– increase the corrosion rate and SCC susceptibility. The presence of HSO3– in a corrosive environment can significantly accelerate the corrosion rate and mechanical property degradation, and this effect increases with the increase of HSO3– concentration. Compared with the solution environment, the TEL environment will further aggravate corrosion and mechanical property degradation. With the increase of HSO3– concentration, the pH of the corrosive environment exhibits little change, while the SCC degradation is significantly promoted. This is attributed to the HSO3– induced buffer effect and film-assisted stress effect, yielding the overshadowing effect against solution pH.
IL-35-producing Bregs and Treg cells critically regulate chronic illnesses worldwide via mechanisms related to disrupting the gut microbiota composition. However, whether the gut microbiota regulates ...these IL-35
cells remains elusive. We herein investigated the regulatory effects of the gut microbiota on IL-35
cells by using genetically modified mouse models of obesity.
We first found that gut Reg4 promoted resistance to high-fat diet-induced obesity. Using 16S rRNA sequencing combined with LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry)/MS, we demonstrated that gut Reg4 associated with bacteria such as Lactobacillus promoted the generation of IL-35
B cells through 3-idoleacetic acid (IAA) in the presence of LPS. HuREG4
mice fed a high-fat diet exhibited marked IL-35
cell accumulation in not only their adipose tissues but also their colons, whereas decreased IL-35
cell accumulation was observed in the adipose and colon tissues of Reg4 knockout (KO) mice. We also found that Reg4 mediated HFD-induced obesity resistance via IL-35. Lower levels of IAA were also detected in the peripheral blood of individuals with obesity compared with nonobese subjects. Mechanistically, IAA together with LPS mediated IL-35
B cells through PXR and TLR4. KO of PXR or TLR4 impaired the generation of IL-35
B cells.
Together, IAA and LPS induce the generation of IL-35
B cells through PXR and TLR4. Video Abstract.
Callose synthase plays an essential role in plant growth and development and in response to all sorts of stresses through regulating callose formation. However, few research about the function and ...mechanism of the insect resistance of callose synthase genes have been reported in cotton. In this study, a cotton callose synthase gene
GhCalS5
was cloned, and its function and mechanism of resistance to cotton aphids were analyzed. The expression of
GhCalS5
was significantly upregulated in both, leaves and stems of cotton plants at 48 h after cotton aphid infestation and in the leaves of cotton plants at 24 h after salicylic acid treatment. The overexpression of
GhCalS5
enhanced cotton resistance to cotton aphids. Expectedly silencing of
GhCalS5
reduced cotton resistance to cotton aphids. Overexpression of
GhCalS5
enhanced callose formation in cotton leaves. Our results suggest that
GhCalS5
is involved in cotton resistance against cotton aphids by influencing callose formation.
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