Objective. To evaluate the effect of p53 on pyroptosis and its inhibitory role on tumor growth in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. The correlation of p53 and pyroptosis was determined in ...tumor tissues of NSCLC patients. The pyroptotic level was detected in A549 cells to clarify the effect of p53 on pyroptosis. p53 overexpression A549 tumor-bearing mice were used to clarify the therapeutic target of p53 in NSCLC treatment. Results. p53 expression level was positively related to pyroptosis in NSCLC tissues. In in vitro assays, p53 directly regulated pyroptosis in A549 cells. p53-specific knockdown blocked lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced pyroptosis. In in vivo assays, p53 overexpression in A549 markedly decreased tumor growth and death rate by increasing the pyroptotic level. Conclusions. Upregulation of p53 prompts pyroptosis to produce anti-NSCLC effects suggesting the potential of p53 on suppressing tumor growth in NSCLC patients.
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common severe clinical syndrome in intensive care unit. Inflammation has been reported to play a critical role in the development of ALI. Cordycepin, an active component ...isolated from Cordyceps militaris, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of cordycepin on LPS-induced ALI remain unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we assessed whether cordycepin could attenuate ALI induced by LPS. The mice were conditioned with cordycepin 1h before intranasal instillation of LPS. Lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio, MPO activity, MDA content, and inflammatory cytokines production were detected. The expression of NF-κB p65, I-κB, Nrf2, and HO-1 were detected by western blot analysis. We found that LPS significantly increased lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio, MPO activity, MDA content, and inflammatory cytokines production. However, the increases were significantly inhibited by treatment of cordycepin. LPS-induced NF-κB activation was also suppressed by cordycepin. In addition, cordycepin was found to up-regulate the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that cordycepin could attenuate LPS-induced ALI effectively, probably due to inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been illustrated as vital molecules in regulating human cancer by emerging evidence. LINC00163 is a novel lncRNA without functional definition. In this study, we ...investigated its role in the tumorigenesis of lung cancer. The results showed that LINC00163 level was significantly downregulated in lung cancer tissues and cell lines by bioinformatics and qRT-PCR analyses. Notably, we observed that LINC00163 expression was lower in metastatic tissues than in non-metastatic cases. Furthermore, higher expression of LINC00163 in patients with lung cancer predicted better prognosis. Gain-of-function assays illustrated that upregulation of LINC00163 dramatically suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells
, whereas promoting apoptosis. Consistently, LINC00163 overexpression impaired tumor propagation
. Mechanical study revealed that LINC00163 recruited ARID1A to the promoter of TCF21 and initiated its expression. In conclusion, we concluded that LINC00163/ARID1A/TCF21 regulatory loop modulated the development of lung cancer, providing a new insight on the mechanism underlying lung cancer progression.
The application of non-absorbable hernia mesh in the repair of abdominal abnormalities has been associated with a range of problems and a considerable loss in quality of life. The purpose of this ...study is to develop a nanofiber hernia mesh coated with a growth factor, to evaluate its effect on abdominal defect repair in a rat model, and to show that this new mesh is superior. The coaxial electrospinning technique was used to synthesize the polycaprolactone and polyvinyl alcohol (PCL/PVA) mesh coated with vascular endothelial growth Factor165 (VEGF165) and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), and the CCK8 assay was used to determine the proliferation rate of NIH3T3 co-cultured with the synthetic product. Sixteen healthy male Sprague–Dawley rats with hernias were randomly assigned to receive mesh made of PCL/PVA or polypropylene (PP). The tensile strength of meshes was determined. The tissue was stained to determine the amount of inflammation and angiogenesis using a microscope. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors. Our results demonstrated that the PCL/PVA mesh had no effect on cell proliferation in vitro. The experimental rats tolerated PCL/PVA mesh well, and there was no difference in breaking strength between the PCL/PVA mesh and PP mesh groups. Foreign body giant cells were substantially more abundant in the PCL/PVA mesh group than in the PP mesh group. The PCL/PVA mesh group demonstrated considerably more angiogenesis than the PP mesh group. The PCL/PVA mesh group had higher levels of colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and lower levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) than the PP mesh group. This study showed that the PCL/PVA mesh coated with VEGF165 and FGF-21 can be well tolerated and promote angiogenesis in hernia repair. It may be a potential mesh for clinical applications.
To further increase the average output power of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{Q} </tex-math></inline-formula>-band gyrotron traveling wave tube (gyro-TWT), the power capacity and ...stability of the collector are investigated. In this article, the characteristics of the electron collection, the modeling of the cooling system, and the suppression of stray electrons are analyzed. The dissipated power is associated with the transverse energy of the electron beam. When the gyro-TWT operates at zero drive, the collector has a maximum dissipated power density of 2 kW/cm 2 for a high average power state. Thermal results indicate a maximum temperature of 381 °C on the collector with an optimized cooling system. By applying a transverse magnetic field, the stray electrons can be completely intercepted by the collector. The hot experiment results indicate that the gyro-TWT (45% duty cycle), driven by a 60-kV-9.82-A electron beam, can withstand a maximum beam power of 265 kW at zero drive. Then, a pulse power of 111 kW, with an average power of 50 kW and an efficiency of 18.8% at 47 GHz, is measured stably. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the high-power capacity and high stability of the curved collector.
In this article, the synthesis method to design a spatial power combiner by reflecting mirrors is presented. For a broadband power combination, the mirrors are designed using a two-frequency ...optimization method, which is facilitated by a segmenting-and-regrouping process to achieve the near-field coupling of wave modulation at different frequencies. The effect on bandwidth performance led by the segmenting operation is studied, with a specific focus on two key parameters, including the frequency interval and the partition size, to uncover an optimal design approach. Following the synthesis method, a 2-to-1 spatial power combiner is developed based on the proposed method. The simulation results show that the spatial power combiner can obtain a high-purity Gaussian output around 95% with a broad fractional bandwidth of 43.0%. To further validate the synthesis method, the designed spatial power combiner is fabricated and tested by radiation field measurements. The results are consistent with the simulation ones, where the high purity of the Gaussian output is verified. The proposed synthesis method can significantly improve the bandwidth of the spatial power combination system, and it can also be utilized for other designs of components involving beam modulation, such as mode converters or beam generators.
The depressed collector is an effective approach to further improve the overall efficiency of high-frequency gyrotron traveling wave tubes (gyro-TWTs). In this article, a multi-gap output isolator is ...proposed. With similar topologies based on the single-gap output isolator, the multi-gap output isolator offers advantages such as high breakdown voltage, improved microwave transmission, and reduced microwave leakage. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{Q} </tex-math></inline-formula>-band TE01 mode single gap (gap of 2.2 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\times </tex-math></inline-formula> 1 mm) and triple gap (gap of 1 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\times </tex-math></inline-formula> 3 mm) output isolators are designed and compared in terms of microwave performance and breakdown voltage. Then microwave amplification and beam energy recovery are discussed based on a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{Q} </tex-math></inline-formula>-band gyro-TWT with a triple-gap output isolator. Simulation results demonstrate that when driven by a 60-kV to 9.65-A electron beam, the device can stably produce a maximum output power of 205 and 193 kW of recycled power at 47 GHz with a 20-kV depressed collector. The overall efficiency is effectively increased from 35.4% to 53.1%. The mode converter and triple-gap output isolator are fabricated and experimented. Cold test results show that <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{S}_{{11}} </tex-math></inline-formula> is lower than −13 dB, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{S}_{{21}} </tex-math></inline-formula> is greater than −1.3 dB, and are in good agreement with the simulation results. Furthermore, a maximum breakdown voltage of 70.7 kV is measured in the experiment. These investigations provide ideas for achieving efficient operation of high-frequency gyro-TWTs.
The electron beam transportation profile is important for the gyro-traveling-wave tube (Gyro-TWT), and a transportation prototype of Gyro-TWT has been developed. The symmetric-rotating calibration ...(SRC) method for the superconducting magnet (SCM) alignment is proposed, and the tilt angle and transverse displacement of the magnetic field are reduced from 0.05<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{\circ}</tex-math> </inline-formula> to 0.01<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{\circ}</tex-math> </inline-formula> and 0.15 to 0.05 mm after alignment, respectively. Then, the beam transportation experiment is done, with a transportation rate of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim</tex-math> </inline-formula>85%. The beam trajectory is analyzed and indicates that the stray electron is the main reason for transportation degeneration. Then, a new magnetron injection gun (MIG) with an optimized rear electrode, isolated thermal gap, and antiemission coating is designed and fabricated to enhance the transmission rate. The stability of the new gun is also analyzed, and the stray electron is reduced. Finally, the transportation rate improves to 97.1%, and the transported beam is with a pitch factor of 1.25 and a velocity ratio of 2.5%. The beam quality is good for the interaction circuit.
A periodic dielectric meta-surface output window was cold and hot tested to extend the operating bandwidth and suppress the parasitic oscillations for a W-band wideband TE 01 mode gyrotron traveling ...wave tube (gyro-TWT) in this letter. The fabricated beryllium oxide meta-surface dielectric window demonstrates a relative bandwidth of 37.84% with the reflection below −20 dB in the range of 75-110 GHz. The influences of engineering factors and machining errors on the performance are investigated and analyzed. Thermal analysis shows the average power handling capability of the window is over 33 kW within a wide frequency range. Hot test results demonstrate that the meta-surface window is excellent for oscillation suppression and the power handling capability is predicted larger than 20 kW.
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