Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural ...variation. Two competing perspectives—an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective—offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries.
Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this ...variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch.
Recent cross-cultural and neuro-hormonal investigations have suggested that love is a near universal phenomenon that has a biological background. Therefore, the remaining important question is not ...whether love exists worldwide but which cultural, social, or environmental factors influence experiences and expressions of love. In the present study, we explored whether countries' modernization indexes are related to love experiences measured by three subscales (passion, intimacy, commitment) of the Triangular Love Scale. Analyzing data from 9474 individuals from 45 countries, we tested for relationships with country-level predictors, namely, modernization proxies (i.e., Human Development Index, World Modernization Index, Gender Inequality Index), collectivism, and average annual temperatures. We found that mean levels of love (especially intimacy) were higher in countries with higher modernization proxies, collectivism, and average annual temperatures. In conclusion, our results grant some support to the hypothesis that modernization processes might influence love experiences.
Previous studies have found a negative relationship between creativity and conservatism. However, as these studies were mostly conducted on samples of homogeneous nationality, the generalizability of ...the effect across different cultures is unknown. We addressed this gap by conducting a study in 28 countries. Based on the notion that attitudes can be shaped by both environmental and ecological factors, we hypothesized that parasite stress can also affect creativity and thus, its potential effects should be controlled for. The results of multilevel analyses showed that, as expected, conservatism was a significant predictor of lower creativity, adjusting for economic status, age, sex, education level, subjective susceptibility to disease, and country-level parasite stress. In addition, most of the variability in creativity was due to individual rather than country-level variance. Our study provides evidence for a weak but significant negative link between conservatism and creativity at the individual level (β = −0.08, p < .001) and no such effect when country-level conservatism was considered. We present our hypotheses considering previous findings on the behavioral immune system in humans.
Kebijakan yang dilakukan oleh Pemprov DKI Jakarta dalam pelayanan keterbukaan informasi publik sebagai amanah dari Undang-Undang No. 14 tahun 2008 tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik. Implementasi ...keterbukaan informasi di Provinsi DKI Jakarta, daerah yang memiliki posisi dan peran yang sangat strategis dalam mengimplementasikan UU Keterbukaan Informasi Publik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi program Jakarta Open Data oleh Humas Pemprov DKI Jakarta. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan paradigma konstruktivisme. Objek penelitian ini adalah bidang Humas Pemprov DKI Jakarta dan Tenaga Ahli Informasi Publik sebagai pelasana program tersebut. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data dilakukan melalui triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian ini adalah dalam rangka mewujudkan Kota Jakarta menjadi Smart City, maka diciptakanlah portal open data yang menyuguhkan data dari Kota Jakarta secara akuntabel serta transparan dalam rangka meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat kepada pemerintah. Implementasi kebijakan program Jakarta Open Data dapat dilihat dari hasil kerja Humas Pemprov DKI Jakarta yang mampu memberikan informasi secara terbuka tentang program dan kebijakan dari Pemprov DKI Jakarta.
The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most widely covered news stories in 2020, particularly in March 2020, when the COVID-19 virus made its first appearance in Indonesia. The government also responded ...to the Covid-19 virus’s entry into Indonesia by issuing health, social, and economic policies. Reporting on the government’s actions is undoubtedly one of the Indonesian media’s objectives. Kompas.com is one of the media outlets that publish news about the government’s actions. The seven news articles published by Kompas.com in March 2020 are the subject of this study. This research employs a qualitative approach and analyzes data using Robert N. Entman’s framing model analysis. According to Robert Entman’s analysis, news framing can be viewed in two dimensions: issue selection and aspect highlighting. By analyzing seven news articles published by Kompas.com using Robert N. Entman’s framing model, it was concluded that the construction of Kompas.com news was that the government was having difficulty dealing with the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia.
