This review aims to elucidate advanced nanostructures and explore their potential applications in enhancing the shelf life of fresh or processed seafood products. Biopolymer films, incorporating new ...nanomaterials, can serve as edible coatings to effectively preserve the quality of seafood. Nanotubes, nanogels, functionalized nanocrystals have demonstrated their efficacy in protecting fatty fish samples against oxidation, showcasing their practical utility with specific antimicrobial activities. Nanostructured lipid carriers, exemplified by nanoethosomes and nanophytosomes, are considered as viable alternatives to nanoemulsions. The combination of nanotechnological treatments with thermal thawing or nonthermal applications has been empirically proven to improve quality. Furthermore, the study highlights the existence of novel nanomaterials (nanoparticles embedded in ice, nanoprecipitates, 3D nanonetworks, nanosheets) awaiting exploration. It also emphasizes the mechanisms governing the existing nanomaterials, necessitating a more detailed investigation. In essence, this research not only sheds light on the existing potential of advanced or novel nanosytems but also underscores the need for a deeper understanding of their undiscovered counterparts and the mechanisms guiding their efficacy.
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•Nanomaterial shape and size influence cell wall disruption functions.•New forms of nanoantimicrobials will be more effectively used in future.•Combination of nanomaterials are promising for synergistic effect on spoilage bacteria.•Improvement of nanomaterial properties with nonthermal methods enhance protection.•Lipid-based nanovehicles could be used as an ingredient in minced meat.
Drought has become a severe disaster faced by several regions in Java, Indonesia due to land cover changes including forest conversion and the increase in air temperature. In this regards, the ...availability of forests related to lowflow has been a controversial debate. Forest in Java is dominated by teak; however, the hydrological teak forest has not been well known. Therefore, a research has been undertaken to know the baseflow and low-flow of teak catchments covered by various old teak forest areas. The research areas were in Blora District, Central Java, Indonesia. Data of2008-2015 from five catchments with areas of 3.38, 13.47, 20.14, 27.79, 64.80, and 69.20 ha and covered by old teak forests of 82, 82, 74, 70, and 53% of the catchment were analyzed. In this study, baseflow is the delayed flow from bank storage, and low-flow is stream flow in the dry season. The results showed that baseflow is affected by the percentage of old teak plantation areas, rainfall and antecedent soil moisture condition. Areas of the old teak plantation and the baseflow show negative and non-linear correlation. High low-flow occurs in the catchments with the percentage of old teak plantation about 74 to 70%.
Major processed meat products, including minced beef, are one of the favorite ingredients of most people because they are high in protein, vitamins, and minerals. The high demand and high prices make ...processed meat products vulnerable to adulteration. In addition, eliminating morphological attributes makes the authenticity of minced beef challenging to identify with the naked eye. This paper aims to describe the feasibility study of adulteration detection in minced beef using a low-cost imaging system coupled with a deep neural network. The proposed method was expected to be able to detect minced beef adulteration. There were 500 captured images of minced beef samples. Then, there were 24 color and textural features retrieved from the image. The samples were then labeled and evaluated. A deep neural network (DNN) was developed and investigated to support classification. The proposed DNN was also compared to six machine learning algorithms in the form of accuracy, precision, and sensitivity of classification. The feature importance analysis was also performed to obtain the most impacted features to classification results. The DNN model classification accuracy was 98.00% without feature selection and 99.33% with feature selection. The proposed DNN has the best performance with individual accuracy of up to 99.33%, a precision of up to 98.68%, and a sensitivity of up to 98.67%. This work shows the enormous potential application of a low-cost imaging system coupled with DNN to rapidly detect adulterants in minced beef with high performance.
Purpose
To determine the effect of Cystus® tea (Naturprodukte Dr. Pandalis GmbH & Co. KG) as mouthwash compared to sage tea on oral mucositis in patients undergoing radio(chemo)therapy for head and ...neck cancer.
Methods
In this randomized, prospective phase III study, 60 head and neck cancer patients with primary or postoperative radio(chemo)therapy were included between 04/2012 and 06/2014. They received either sage or Cystus® tea for daily mouthwash under therapy. Mucositis was scored twice a week following the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and the European Organization for Research and Treatment Cancer (RTOG/EORTC) scoring system. Dental parameters were also recorded. Statistical evaluation of the primary endpoint was performed using t‑test and log rank test.
Results
Data from 57 patients could be evaluated. Patient characteristics showed no significant difference between the two groups (
n
= 27 sage;
n
= 30 Cystus®). A total of 55 patients received the prescribed dose (60–66 Gy postoperative; 70–76.8 Gy primary). Mucositis grade 3 was observed in 23 patients (
n
= 11 sage;
n
= 12 Cystus®) and occurred between day 16 and 50 after start of therapy. There was no significant difference between the two groups in latency (
p
= 0.75) and frequency (
p
= 0.85) of the occurrence of mucositis grade 3. The self-assessment of the oral mucosa and the tolerability of the tea also showed no significant differences. Occurrence of dental pathologies appeared to increase over time after radiotherapy.
Conclusion
Cystus® and sage tea have a similar effect on the occurrence of radiation-induced mucositis regarding latency and incidence. Cystus® tea mouthwash solution is tolerated well and can be applied in addition to intensive oral care and hygiene along with the application of fluorides.
Three zinc(II) complexes containing 4-aminopyridine (4-NH2py) Zn(4-NH2py)2(NCS)2 (1), Zn(4-NH2py)2Cl2 (2), and Zn(4-NH2py)2(NCS)Cl (3) were synthesized and characterized by FTIR and single crystal ...X-ray diffraction. All complexes adopt a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry with different crystal packing. Complex 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pmmn space group, complex 2 in the monoclinic C2/c space group, and complex 3 in the orthorhombic Pbca space group. Non-covalent interactions such as NC-S···H, -Cl···H, and µ-µ stacking interaction between 4-NH2py and other ligands (NCS− and Cl−) are observed in the crystals packing. In vitro, antibacterial screening of all complexes was evaluated against two bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). The results show that 1 has the highest antibacterial activity than 2 and 3. This difference is due to differences in the interactions elicited by the anion ligands.
Sepsis is a major cause of death in intensive care units whose development is supported by an imbalance of oxidative stress and antioxidant. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a primer endogen antioxidant ...that prevents reactive oxygen species (ROS). Extensive studies on animals and humans have examined Cucumis melo L.C, a cantaloupe rich in SOD, and its combination with gliadin. The studies aimed to determine the effect of enteral administration of Cucumis melo L.C. gliadin (CME-gliadin) 28 days before inducing sepsis in rats. This experimental study aimed to compare four groups of male Wistar rats, including negative and positive control rats and those supplemented with SOD CME-gliadin 1 IU/day and SOD CME-gliadin 5 IU/day. All rats were given the same standard, except the supplementation for 28 days. Sepsis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS 10 mg/kg. Enteral administration of SOD – gliadin extract of CME-gliadin for 28 days was used as antioxidant prophylaxis against oxidative stress due to sepsis. The results showed that enteral administration of CME-gliadin of 1 IU/day and 5 IU/day significantly increased SOD levels based on examination after 14 and 28 days. Also, it significantly decreased MDA (p < 0.001), TNF-α (p < 0.001), and lactate levels in rats induced by sepsis. However, the increase in lactate levels was above >1.64 mmol/l, indicating a high mortality rate. There was no significant difference in SOD, MDA, TNF-α, and Lactate levels between SOD 1 IU and SOD 5 IU. This descriptive data show that SOD 5 IU has a better result in MDA, TNF-α, and Lactate levels than SOD 1 IU.
Cucumis melo L.C. Gliadin; SOD extract; Antioxidant; Sepsis model; MDA, TNF-α, Lactate.
To date, the search for creating stable ferrofluids with excellent properties for biomedical application is one of the challenging scientific and practical investigations. In this study, novel ...Fe3O4/Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids from iron sand were synthesized using a double-layer method. The Fe3O4/Ag nanocomposites exhibited stable crystallite sizes of 11.8 12.1 nm and 36.8–37.2 nm for Fe3O4 and Ag, respectively. The lattice parameters of the spinel structure Fe3O4 and face-centered cubic Ag were respectively 8.344 Å and 4.091 Å. With increasing Ag amount, the crystallite phase of Ag in the nanocomposites increased from 40.2% to 77.2%. The XPS results confirmed that Fe3O4/Ag nanocomposites were successfully prepared, where Fe3O4 mixed well with Ag via strong ionic bonding. The FTIR results confirmed the presence of Fe3O4/Ag, oleic acid, and dimethyl sulfoxide as the filler, first layer, and second layer, respectively. The as-prepared ferrofluids exhibited superparamagnetic behavior, where the saturation magnetization decreased with increasing Ag content. The Fe3O4/Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids exhibited excellent antimicrobial performance against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. More importantly, the Fe3O4/Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids decreased the progression of liver fibrosis-related inflammation and fibrogenic activity on hepatic stellate cells.
Fe3O4/Ag; Double-layered ferrofluid; Antimicrobial; Antifibrosis.
Food-grade particles for emulsion stabilization Tavernier, Iris; Wijaya, Wahyu; Van der Meeren, Paul ...
Trends in food science & technology,
April 2016, 2016-04-00, 20160401, Letnik:
50
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The use of solid, food-grade particles as emulsion stabilizers is highly promising in the field of food science and technology. Food-grade particles (e.g. fat and wax crystals, protein particles, and ...protein-polysaccharide complexes) can form alternatives to inorganic particles (e.g. silica, alumina or clays), which are incompatible and mostly unserviceable when considering food and nutraceutical applications. This review provides a concise insight into the concept of Pickering stabilization with the emphasis on the available food-grade particles that have been researched in this field. The innovative food applications of particle-stabilized emulsions are also discussed.
•Food-grade particles as alternatives to synthetic particles.•Characterization of stabilizing particles and the Pickering emulsions they form.•Applications in food products.
The complexes Cd(2-ampy)3(NCS)(μ-SCN)2 (1) and Cd(4-ampy)2(μ1,5-dca)2n (2) were synthesized and characterized using single crystal XRD. Complex 1 has a dimer structure with a triclinic crystal system ...and space group P1¯, whereas complex 2 has a polymer structure with a monoclinic crystal system and space group P21/c. Hirshfeld surface analysis of complex 1 showed the presence of S⋯N–H and N–H–S interactions between dimer molecules and intramolecular hydrogen bonds N–H⋯N. In complex 2, the analysis showed the polymer coordination chain bonds between Cd(II) ions with N atoms from dicyanamide and intermolecular hydrogen bonds of N–H⋯N. In vitro antibacterial testing for both complexes against Escherichia coli (gram-negative) and Staphylococus aureus (gram-positive) showed a higher inhibition zone diameter than the constituent reactants, where complex 2 had the a higher antibacterial activity.
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•In this manuscript, we report on the synthesis, structure, and Hirshfeld surface analysis, of a new adduct-addition Cd(2-ampy)3(NCS)(μ-SCN)2 (1) and Cd(4-ampy)2(μ1,5-dca)2n (2). Complex 1 has a dimer structure with a triclinic crystal system and space group P1¯ while, complex 2 has a polymer structure with a monoclinic crystal system and space group P21/c. Hirshfeld surface analysis of dimeric Cd(2-ampy)3(NCS)(μ1,5-SCN)2 highlighted the presence of S⋯N–H interactions between dimer molecules and N–H–S intramolecular hydrogen bonds N–H⋯N. Polymeric of Cd(4-ampy)2(μ1,5-dca)2n described intermolecular hydrogen bonds of N–H⋯N. Furthermore, we tested that both complexes were active as antibacterial against E. coli (gram-negative) and S. aureus (gram-positive).
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