Several previous studies have revealed a negative impact of perceived stress on post-stress growth. Nevertheless, the potential mediating and moderating mechanisms are unclear, particularly for ...left-behind children in China. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the negative relationship between perceived stress and post-stress growth, the mediating effect of social support, as well as the moderating effect of emotional intelligence in a sample of Chinese left-behind children.
A sample of 837 Chinese students in elementary and middle school was collected for this study. The Perceived Stress Scale, the Social Support Scale, the Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Post-Stress Growth Scale were employed to examine them. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software.
The results indicate a significant negative association between perceived stress and post-stress growth. Among perceived stress and social support, the former acted as a mediator, while the latter as a moderator. This study sheds light on the post-stress growth of Chinese left-behind children. The findings validated a model of moderated mediation that shows the relationship between perceived stress, emotional intelligence, social support, and post-stress growth.
This study confirmed that social support is one of the most important factors among left-behind children, from perceived stress to post-stress growth. Furthermore, the study reveals that emotional intelligence can adjust the relationship between perceived stress and social support to post-stress growth. Therefore, for both family education and school education, the result provides a new direction.
This paper describes the structural and photocatalytic studies of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by two different precipitation methods using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) and titanium oxalate ...Ti(C2O4)2 as raw materials for the first time. The samples were characterized by TG-DSC, XRD, TEM, EDS, SAED, UV–Vis, Raman, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and XPS to investigate the effects of salt type and calcination temperature on the crystal structure, morphology, composition, energy band gap and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles. Results indicated that when TiCl4 was used as Ti source, the crystallization temperature of amorphous TiO2 to anatase TiO2 was as low as 250 °C, but it increased to ~450 °C when Ti(C2O4)2 was selected. Besides, TiCl4 was able to dynamically modify the crystalline structure of TiO2 nanoparticles from anatase into rutile after calcination at ~450 °C, however this temperature was increased to ~850 °C for Ti(C2O4)2. The optimal photocatalytic property of methyl orange (MO) degradation in two TiO2 systems was 99.08% and 38.6% with corresponding calcination temperatures of 450 °C and 550 °C, respectively, which was mainly correlated with the different crystal structure and crystallite size.
•Thermal stability of rocksalt and ilmenite structure HEOs was compared.•Electronic structure of ilmenite structure HEOs was investigated by UV–vis test.•Electrical conductivity of ilmenite structure ...HEOs was researched.•The effect of sluggish diffusion on ionic conductivity was discussed and analyzed.
High entropy oxides (HEOs) are an emerging material and widely investigated due to their unique high entropy effect. Since the first report on rocksalt structure HEOs in 2015, a variety of HEOs have been synthesized successively. Previously, we found Mg28Co17Ni19Cu16Zn16O96 possessed higher single-phase formation ability and better thermal stability than Mg19.2Co19.2Ni19.2Cu19.2Zn19.2O96. However, there are relatively few studies devoted to the effect of elemental composition of Mg-Co-Ni-Cu-Zn on the phase structure of Mg-Co-Ni-Cu-Zn-metal-O. In this work, we designed, synthesized and compared the phase structure combined with optoelectrical properties of Mg19.2Co19.2Ni19.2Cu19.2Zn19.2Ti96O288 and Mg28Co17Ni19Cu16Zn16Ti96O288. Results indicate that the composition of Mg28Co17Ni19Cu16Zn16O96 which is more stable than Mg19.2Co19.2Ni19.2Cu19.2Zn19.2O96 in rocksalt structure HEOs can make Mg28Co17Ni19Cu16Zn16Ti96O288 more stable than Mg19.2Co19.2Ni19.2Cu19.2Zn19.2Ti96O288 in ilmenite structure HEOs. Notably, the attenuation of sluggish diffusion effect of Mg28Co17Ni19Cu16Zn16Ti96O288 may effectively improve the electrical conductivity by composition and phase stability optimization.
Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation method under calcination temperatures between 200 °C and 400 °C with different Fe doping concentration from 0 to 1.8 at.%. The crystal ...structure, morphology, optical properties, energy band gap (Eg) and photocatalytic performance of synthesized nanoparticles were calculated and characterized by first-principles calculations, XRD, TG-DSC, FTIR, FESEM, EDS, TEM, SAED, XPS, UV–Vis and PL spectroscopy. Results showed that Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles had pure anatase structure with spherical morphology of 4–12 nm in crystallite size which increased with calcination temperatures. The Eg of Fe doped TiO2 was decreased from 3.07 eV to 2.71 eV by the increase of Fe doping concentration. The maximum degradation efficiency of methyl orange (MO) was as high as 46.3% for Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles calcined at 300 °C with Fe doping concentration of 0.3 at.% under 15 W visible light irradiation.
•Well-crystallized Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by coprecipitation.•Small crystallite size (4–12 nm) and narrowed Eg are achieved comprehensively.•The samples have high photocatalytic performance under weak visible light irradiation.
Due to demographic changes, there is a growing number of adolescent students who learn in classrooms in which their teacher and peers come from cultural and linguistic backgrounds that are different ...from theirs. In these diverse classrooms, teachers need to be able to facilitate language learning spaces that are welcoming for all children, regardless of their backgrounds. Considering this need, the purpose of this study is to examine how 11 teachers, acting as language mentors of 11 high school English learners, demonstrated intercultural communication and cultural responsiveness during their participation in a 10-week telecollaboration project. To this end, online interactions and the teacher mentors' weekly reflection journals were analyzed. From these analyses, three highly productive relationships were selected and their interactions were analyzed to better understand teachers' approaches to intercultural communication and cultural responsiveness and the role that the identities of teachers and students displayed in both processes. The study findings show that teachers who displayed an online identity as friends or as joint learners offered student mentees the opportunity to lead the conversation, to be recognized as they wanted to be recognized online, and to participate in learning tasks that reflected and engaged them. This study highlights the different needs of adolescent English learners, the complexity of their identities, and the importance of English teachers' dispositions to be humble and open to learn about both.
0.3 wt% Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles were fabricated by the modified sol-gel method using tetra-butyl titanate, HNO3, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, absolute ethanol and additives, namely F-127 and polyvinyl ...pyrrolidone (K-30) as raw materials, respectively. The samples were characterized by TG-DTA, XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, TEM, HRTEM, SAED, EDS and BET to explore the effects of additive type on the thermal effect, crystal structure, surface composition, energy band gap (Eg), and photocatalytic performance of samples calcined at different temperatures. Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles prepared using F-127 had the inhibiting effect on the anatase to rutile phase transformation, however, K-30 acted as a promoter to facilitate this transformation. The photocatalytic efficiency of Fe doped TiO2 photocatalyst using F-127 and K-30 as additives exhibited higher photocatalytic degradation mass of methyl orange than the samples prepared using additive-free under irradiation of UV and visible light respectively, which was mainly resulted from the hydroxyl groups (OH−) absorbed on the grain surface, decreased Eg and the mixed crystal structure of anatase and rutile.
The effects of additive-free, additives of F-127 and K-30 on the properties of Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by a modified sol-gel method were studied. The samples were characterized by TG-DTA, XRD, FTIR, TEM, HRTEM, EDS, SAED, UV–Vis, BET and photocatalytic performance measurements. Results indicated that K-30 can promote the transformation of anatase to rutile. On the contrary, F-127 exerts an inhibitory effect against the conversion of anatase to rutile phase. It concluded that F-127 additive can improve the photocatalytic degradation mass of methyl orange than K-30 and additive-free, possibly owing to the mixed crystal structure of anatase and rutile as presented below in XRD patterns and the formed hydroxyl groups (OH−) absorbed on grain surface as observed in FTIR measurement. XRD patterns of Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles prepared using (a) additive free, (b) F-127, (c) K-30; and (d) average crystallite size. Display omitted
•TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a modified sol-gel method.•F-127 exhibited an inhibitory effect on the transformation of anatase to rutile.•The OH− and mixed crystal were responsible for the photocatalytic activity.•TiO2 prepared by F-127 displayed the highest photocatalytic efficiency.
TiO2 can mainly absorb ultraviolet light (UV) and thus the strong light irradiation of photocatalyst is highly needed to obtain efficient charge carrier (electrons and holes) production for ...subsequent reactions. In this paper, Ag–TiO2 nanoparticles with high Ag dispersibility were prepared by different Ag contents (0–6 at. %) and calcination temperatures (200–600 °C) using a coprecipitation method. Results showed that Ag inhibited the transformation of anatase to rutile TiO2, resulting in the decreased Eg and increased amounts of chemisorbed hydroxyl oxygen as well as oxygen vacancy. 2% Ag–TiO2 possessed the best and high photocatalytic efficiency under weak UV and visible light irradiation (15W). The bactericidal activity of Ag–TiO2 nanoparticles was also enhanced compared with pure TiO2, and further enhanced with Ag content. The superior performance was mainly ascribed to the synergistic effect of Ag and TiO2.
•Monodispersed Ag doped and deposited on anatase-rutile mixed phase TiO2 was prepared.•The photocatalytic performance and antibacterial activity of Ag–TiO2 was investigated.•2% Ag–TiO2 shows the best photocatalytic performance under 15 W light irradiation.•Ag modified Eg of TiO2 and enhanced surface hydroxyl oxygen adsorption.
A novel dual-path microbend fiber optic sensor is designed for noninvasive measurement of respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) for cancer patients. The performance of the microbend fiber sensor ...is assessed in two groups of cancer patients, cancer patients with pain and without pain, ranging from eighteen to ninety-six years old in a daily observational measurement with the sensor mattress under the mattress of the clinical bed. All the patients received standard clinical monitoring for evaluating the accuracy of our measurement results. The results of our study showed good consistency in the experimental results of RR and HR between the dual-path fiber sensor we proposed and the hospital equipment with average errors of 3.60 beats per minute (bpm) and 1.02 respiration per minute (rpm) in HR and RR measurement in cancer patients with pain and 1.87bpm and 1.27rpm in HR and RR measurement in cancer patients without pain, respectively. In HR monitoring, the single path microbend fiber optic sensor has 8035 minutes of data with a false report rate of 19.09%, while the dual-path microbend fiber optic sensor has 6188 minutes of data with a false report rate of 12.87%. The dual-path sensor has a smaller false report rate compared with the single path sensor due to pre-judgments of data with path 1 and path 2. To our best knowledge, it is the first time to propose and demonstrate a dual-path sensor to reduce the false report rate for HR and RR measurements. The results of the Blend-Altman method showed great agreement between our sensor and hospital standard monitor in HR and RR measurements. The independent sample t-test indicates that the HR of cancer patients may be an effective way to judge whether or not they have cancer pain. Our noninvasive dual-path microbend fiber sensor also showed the advantages of an easy fabrication process, simple structure, and low false report rate.
Sn/Cl co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via a novel volatile solid solution method. The effect of SnCl2·2H2O concentration (0–35.4 mol.%) and calcination temperature on thermal effect, ...crystal structure, morphology, composition, light absorption and photocatalytic performance of TiO2 nanoparticles was investigated by TG-DSC, XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, HRTEM, SAED, UV–Vis, PL, photocurrent test, EIS and XPS. Results indicate that Sn and Cl are co-doped into TiO2 crystal lattice forming a mixed anatase-rutile TiO2 phase without SnO2 phase when SnCl2·2H2O concentration is below 17.7 mol.%, and excess SnCl2·2H2O caused the rutile SnO2 generation and simultaneous rutile TiO2 disappearance. The degradation efficiency of methyl orange reaches 98.7 % using 17.7 mol.% SnCl2·2H2O modified TiO2 calcined at 380 °C after 2 h of 15 W UV light irradiation, which is 19.72 % and increases by two times compared with that of pure TiO2 (8.98 %) after 2 h of 15 W visible light irradiation, both showing the maximum photocatalytic performance possibly due to the simultaneous increased active surface sites, enhanced light absorption and improved separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs resulted from small particle size, reduced energy band gap and formation of mixed anatase-rutile TiO2 phases. Reactive species scavenging experiments revealed that O.-2 and h+ play a dominant role in photodegradation process.
•A new preparation method for Sn/Cl co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles was presented.•SnCl2·2H2O concentration can change the phase composition and Eg of TiO2.•17.7 mol.% SnCl2·2H2O modified TiO2 obtained the highest degradation efficiency.
This paper briefly introduces the concept, classification, and mechanism of action of positive thinking therapy; reviews the application and research progress of positive thinking therapy in ...perioperative care of surgical patients at home and abroad; presents the shortcomings and defects in the development; and aims to provide intervention, reference, and basis for the development of positive thinking therapy in perioperative care of surgical patients. One hundred and eight patients are undergoing PCI surgery in our cardiology department; 50 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were selected as the control group, and 58 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were selected as the observation group. Traditional health education was employed in the control group, while empowerment education based on timing theory was used in the observation group. The two groups were observed and compared in terms of self-care competence, anxiety and depression, medication adherence score, and exercise adherence. Conclusion. Empowerment education based on timing theory can improve self-care ability of PCI patients, reduce patients’ anxiety and depression, and improve patients’ medication and exercise compliance.
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