We propose a novel primordial black hole (PBH) formation mechanism based on a first-order phase transition (FOPT). If a fermion species gains a huge mass in the true vacuum, the corresponding ...particles get trapped in the false vacuum as they do not have sufficient energy to penetrate the bubble wall. After the FOPT, the fermions are compressed into the false vacuum remnants to form non-topological solitons called Fermi-balls, and then collapse to PBHs due to the Yukawa attractive force. We derive the PBH mass and abundance, showing that for a O(GeV) FOPT the PBHs could be ∼1017 g and explain all of dark matter. If the FOPT happens at higher scale, PBHs are typically overproduced and extra dilution mechanism is necessary to satisfy current constraints.
A
bstract
We study the complementarity of the proposed multi-TeV muon colliders and the near-future gravitational wave (GW) detectors to the first order electroweak phase transition (FOEWPT), taking ...the real scalar extended Standard Model as the representative model. A detailed collider simulation shows the FOEWPT parameter space can be greatly probed via the vector boson fusion production of the singlet, and its subsequent decay to the di-Higgs or di-boson channels. Especially, almost all the parameter space yielding detectable GW signals can be probed by the muon colliders. Therefore, if we could detect stochastic GWs in the future, a muon collider could provide a hopeful crosscheck to identify their origin. On the other hand, there is considerable parameter space that escapes GW detections but is within the reach of the muon colliders. The precision measurements of Higgs couplings could also probe the FOEWPT parameter space efficiently.
A
bstract
We study the strong first order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT) with the SO(6)
/
SO(5) composite Higgs model, whose scalar sector contains one Higgs doublet and one real singlet. Six ...benchmark models are built with fermion embeddings in
1
,
6
, and
15
of SO(6). We show that SFOEWPT cannot be triggered under the
minimal Higgs potential hypothesis
, which assumes the scalar potential is dominated by the form factors from the lightest composite resonances. To get a SFOEWPT, the contributions from local operators induced by physics above the cutoff scale are needed. We take the
6
+
6
model as an example to investigate the gravitational waves prediction and the related collider phenomenology.
A
bstract
An electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG) mechanism mediated by
τ
lepton transport is proposed. We extend the Standard Model with a real singlet scalar
S
to trigger the strong first-order ...electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT), and with a set of leptophilic dimension-5 operators to provide sufficient CP violating source. We demonstrate this model is able to generate the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe. This scenario is experimentally testable via either the SFOEWPT gravitational wave signals at the next-generation space-based detectors, or the
pp
→
h
*
→
SS
→ 4
τ
process (where
h
*
is an off-shell Higgs) at the hadron colliders. A detailed collider simulation shows that a considerable fraction of parameter space can be probed at the HL-LHC, while almost the whole parameter space allowed by EWBG can be reached by the 27 TeV HE-LHC.
A
bstract
We study the superheavy dark matter (DM) scenario in an extended
B−L
model, where one generation of right-handed neutrino
ν
R
is the DM candidate. If there is a new lighter sterile neutrino ...that co-annihilate with the DM candidate, then the annihilation rate is exponentially enhanced, allowing a DM mass much heavier than the Griest-Kamionkowski bound (∼10
5
GeV). We demonstrate that a DM mass
M
νR
≳ 10
13
GeV can be achieved. Although beyond the scale of any traditional DM searching strategy, this scenario is testable via gravitational waves (GWs) emitted by the cosmic strings from the U(1)
B−L
breaking. Quantitative calculations show that the DM mass
O
(10
9
−10
13
GeV) can be probed by future GW detectors.
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with limited opportunity for resectable surgery as the first choice for cure due to its late diagnosis and early metastasis. The desmoplastic stroma and cellular ...genetic or epigenetic alterations of pancreatic cancer impose physical and biological barriers to effective therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Here, we review the current therapeutic options for pancreatic cancer, and underlying mechanisms and potential reversal of therapeutic resistance, a hallmark of this deadly disease.
A
bstract
Exotic decays of top partners in new bosons are the norm in realistic models of a composite Higgs. We focus on the custodial charge-5
/
3 partner, which normally decays exclusively into
tW
...+
. The new channels include a colour-sextet,
X
5
/
3
→
b
¯
π
6
, as well as singly and doubly charged scalars,
X
5
/
3
→ t
𝜙
+
,
b
𝜙
++
. We use existing same-sign lepton searches to show that the new final states are constrained at the same level as the standard one. At the same time, exotic final states also offer opportunities for improvement: examples include a hard photon in
X
5
/
3
→ t
𝜙
+
→ tW
+
γ
decays, and top-rich channels which arises in several exotic
X
5
/
3
decays.
A
bstract
We study electroweak baryogenesis in the SO(6)/SO(5) composite Higgs model with the third generation quarks being embedded in the
20
′
representation of SO(6). The scalar sector contains ...one Higgs doublet and one real singlet, and their potential is given by the Coleman-Weinberg potential evaluated from the form factors of the lightest vector and fermion resonances. We show that the resonance masses at
O
1
∼
10
TeV
can generate a potential that triggers the strong first-order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT). The
CP
violating phase arising from the dimension-6 operator in the top sector is sufficient to yield the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe. The SFOEWPT parameter space is detectable at the future space-based detectors.
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