► The flow distribution at the core inlet in rolling motion is investigated. ► In rolling motion, the variation of flow distribution factor is not regular. ► The minimum flow distribution factor ...could be decreased by rolling motion. ► The effect of rolling motion diminishes with Reynolds number increasing. ► Effect of rolling motion in single loop operation is more significant.
The flow distribution at the core inlet in rolling motion is investigated with software CFX12.0. The calculation results were in agreement with experimental data in steady state. As the increasing of rolling amplitude and the decreasing of rolling period, the effect of rolling motion on the flow distribution factor and the flowing behavior increases. In rolling motion, the variation of flow distribution factor is not regular. The rolling motion could decrease the minimum flow distribution factor. The effect of rolling motion on the coolant field and flow distribution diminishes with the Reynolds number increasing. The effect of rolling motion on the flow distribution in the case of single loop operation is more significant than that in the case of double loops operation.
Background
Guidelines for patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction include a door‐to‐balloon time (DTBT) of ≤90 min for primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Aim
The aim of this study ...was to assess temporal trends (2006–2010) in DTBT and determine if a reduction in DTBT was associated with improved clinical outcomes.
Methods
We compared annual median DTBT in 1926 STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention from the Melbourne Interventional Group registry. ST‐elevation myocardial infarction presenting >12 h and rescue percutaneous coronary intervention was excluded. Major adverse cardiac events were analysed according to DTBT (dichotomised as ≤90 min vs >90 min). A multivariable analysis for predictors of mortality (including DTBT) was performed.
Results
Baseline demographics, clinical and procedural characteristics were similar in the STEMI cohort across the 5 years, apart from an increase in out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (3.6% in 2006 vs 9.4% in 2010, P < 0.0001) and cardiogenic shock (7.7–9.6%, P = 0.07). The median DTBT (interquartile range) was reduced from 95 (74–130) min in 2006 to 75 (51–100) min in 2010 (P < 0.01). In this period, the proportion of patients achieving a DTBT of ≤90 min increased from 45% to 67% (P < 0.01). Lower mortality and major adverse cardiac event rates were observed with DTBT ≤90 min (all P < 0.01). Multivariable analysis showed that a DTBT of ≤90 min was associated with improved clinical outcomes at 12 months (odds ratio 0.48; 95% confidence interval 0.33–0.73, P < 0.01).
Conclusion
There has been a decline in median DTBT in the Melbourne Interventional Group registry over 5 years. DTBT of ≤90 min is associated with improved clinical outcomes at 12 months.
After a standard heat treatment and subsequent isothermal aging at 750 °C for 8,220 h, the tensile deformation behavior of a novel precipitation-hardened Ni–Fe-base superalloy HT700T containing ...around 23 vol% of γ′ precipitates is studied at 750 °C. It is found that the work-hardening rate decreases monotonously with plastic strain. Transmission electron microscopy observations on the specimens stretched to various magnitudes of plastic strain reveal that Orowan looping prevails at the very beginning of plastic deformation. Whereas, as plastic deformation proceeds, more and more isolated superlattice stacking faults are produced within the γ′ precipitates although numerous dislocation loops have surrounded the same γ′ precipitates, suggesting shearing of γ′ precipitates by {111} slip systems plays a more and more important role in the plastic deformation with strain. Based on the experimental observations, the relationship between the operative deformation mechanisms and the work-hardening rate of HT700T is discussed.
•A novel Ni–Fe-base superalloy HT700T is developed.•The tensile deformation mechanisms in HT700T is strain dependent at 750 °C.•Orowan looping dominates the initial plastic deformation of HT700T.•Stacking fault shearing prevails with strain in HT700T.
Thinning rate is a crucial factor in forming quality of the thin-walled seal ring with complex features. To control the excessive thinning by altering the stress state during the material ...deformation, a new multi-stage three-dimensional (3D) hydroforming technology was proposed in this work. Based on the characteristics of the seal ring and the used superalloy strip, a multi-stage internal pressure forming process was established through finite element analysis (FEA) and forming experiment verification. In addition, the distribution of wall thickness in every stage was discussed. And the influence of the width of deformation zone and the pressure loading path in the cavity on the wall thickness of the part in each step was studied. Finally, the optimal forming parameters of each step that can achieve a stable state of metal flow were obtained. The experimental results demonstrated that the developed 3D hydroforming technology can accurately control the material flow in the multi-stage forming of the multi-wave seal ring with small-diameter and ultrathin wall thickness. For the optimized parameter combination, the blank dimensions of deformation zone are 8 mm in the first step and 18 mm in the second step, while the pre-bulging pressure is 9 ~ 12 MPa and the maximum pressure is 100 MPa in the two steps.
An analytical model of single pass laser transformation hardening is presented based on Green's functions. The model allows the temperature profiles of the laser heat affected zones of the samples to ...be calculated to provide information about the depths of the hardened zones. In order to verify the validity of the model, experiments are carried out in which a 1·5 kW continuous CO
2
laser unit and ductile cast iron QT600-3 samples are used. The hardness distribution of the treated area of the sample is examined. Experimental investigation shows good agreement between the theoretical predictions and the experimental results.
To the collection system optimal design of offshore wind farm, the factors considered are not only the reasonable configuration of the cable and switch, but also the influence of the obstacles on the ...topology design of the offshore wind farm. This paper presents a concrete topology optimization algorithm with obstacles. The minimal area rectangle encasing box of the obstacle is obtained by using the method of minimal area encasing box. Then the optimization algorithm combining the advantages of Dijkstra algorithm and Prim algorithm is used to gain the scheme of avoidance obstacle path planning. Finally a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on the analytic hierarchy process is constructed to compare the performance of the different topologies. Case studies demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm and model.
To establish and develop a reliable and simple Real-time PCR assay with high resolution melting (Real-time PCR-HRM) method for detection epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and BIM mutation of lung cancer ...and looking for effective targeted drugs to control lung cancer.
A total of 6858 participants (2538 cases with lung cancer and 4275 healthy controls who took part in the study by doing the physical examination in Shanghai Xuhui community) were recruited in the study. Clinical characteristics and 5 ml peripheral blood were collected from each participant, and the DNA has been extracted, which were determined the EGFR and BIM mutation by Real-time PCR-HRM. Data were recorded and Statistical analyses.
All samples completed the study. BIM deletion polymorphism was no related with age, sex, and smoking or EGFR mutation.
There were no relations among BIM deletion polymorphism, EGFR mutation or lung cancer risk. HRM is a novel procedure and provides rapid, sensitive, specific and simultaneous detection for gene mutation of cancer patients for predicting the efficacy of targeted therapy.
Dahuofang Reservoir is one of the most important water conservation projects supplying water to the cities of Shenyang and Fushun. Water quality security is the key to protecting the safety of water ...supply. To determine the current state of the water quality conditions in Hunhe River upstream of Dahuofang Reservoir, a seasonal analysis was conducted on the basis of the water quality monitoring data collected from three storage sections (Beizamu, Gulou, and Taigou) upstream of Dahuofang Reservoir from 2004 to 2012. The Kendall testing method for analysis of possible trends in pollutant concentration variation in the upstream portion of Dahuofang Reservoir was utilized. The results showed that (1) in all seasons and sections, the minimum total nitrogen concentration was 2.1 mg/L, a little greater than grade V water quality standard value 2 mg/L and is gradually increasing over recent years. Therefore, the primary source in need of pollution control is total nitrogen in Hunhe River upstream of Dahuofang Reservoir. (2) Concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and permanganate were 0.694 and 4.2 mg/L in Beizamu section during dry season, which exceeded 38.8% and 5% of grade II standard of National Surface Water Quality (NSWQ), respectively, well above that noted during wet and normal seasons and higher than that found in any other section. Therefore, the predominant pollution control sources are ammonia nitrogen and permanganate index at Beizamu section in dry season. (3) Five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD ₅) in Gulou section during wet season was 3.3 mg/L, which is more than 10% of grade II standard of NSWQ and greater than that of any other section and any other period. Thus, the predominant pollution originates from BOD ₅ in Gulou section during wet season. (4) All pollution indices of Taigou section were found to be above grade II standard of NSWQ.
Oral Diseases (2010) 16, 198–203
Purpose: As a review and clinical analysis of primary oral leiomyosarcoma (LMS) cases in West China stomatology Hospital in the past 37 years, this study provides ...demographic, therapeutic and prognostic information of this rare tumor.
Patients and methods: In our study, 20 cases of primary oral LMS treated between 1972 and 2008 in West China Stomatology Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. A thorough review of clinical records was carried out and potential indicators of survival were analyzed.
Results: The most common symptom of oral LMS presented as a painless mass. The median age of patients was 37 years, and the peak incidence age of this tumor was in the 2nd and 5th decades. There was no predilection of gender, and the male‐to‐female ratio was 11:9. The most frequently occurring site of oral leiomysarcoma was the jawbones. The prognosis of this tumor was poor as a result of the high local recurrence and the estimated 2 year survival was 17.6%. The bony involvement and method of therapy was observed to have an influence on the prognosis and survival of this tumor (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: There was a predilection site of jawbones for oral LMS, and bony involvement was a potential indicator suggesting a poorer prognosis. The recommended method of therapy on this tumor was aggressive, radical surgical resection; however, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy may also have a beneficial effect.
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