In this paper, we propose a simple, yet powerful approach to profile users' web browsing behavior for the purpose of user identification. The importance of being able to identify users can be ...significant given a wide variety of applications in electronic commerce, such as product recommendation, personalized advertising, etc. We create user profiles capturing the strength of users' behavioral patterns, which can be used to identify users. Our experiments indicate that these profiles can be more accurate at identifying users than decision trees when sufficient web activities are observed, and can achieve higher efficiency than Support Vector Machines. The comparisons demonstrate that profile-based methods for user identification provide a viable and simple alternative to this problem.
Copper is an indispensable trace metal element in the human body, which is mainly absorbed in the stomach and small intestine and excreted into the bile. Copper is an important component and ...catalytic agent of many enzymes and proteins in the body, so it can influence human health through multiple mechanisms. Based on the biological functions and benefits of copper, an increasing number of researchers in the field of biomaterials have focused on developing novel copper-containing biomaterials, which exhibit unique properties in protecting the cardiovascular system, promoting bone fracture healing, and exerting antibacterial effects. Copper can also be used in promoting incisional wounds healing, killing cancer cells, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging, radioimmunological tracing and radiotherapy of cancer. In the present review, the biological functions of copper in the human body are presented, along with an overview of recent progress in our understanding of the biological applications and development of copper-containing materials. Furthermore, this review also provides the prospective on the challenges of those novel biomaterials for future clinical applications.
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•This paper overviews biological functions of copper in the human body.•This paper summerizes the recent research progress of the biological applications and development of copper-containing biomaterials.•This paper is emphasized on the beneficial effects and related mechanisms of Cu-containing biomaterials.•This review also provides the prospective on the challenges of these novel biomaterials for future clinical applications.
The umbrella term "computational advertising" encompasses a spectrum of computational systems, technologies, and methods of advertising and promotional behaviors and decision-making activities. The ...guest editors of this special issue on computational advertising discuss the field in general and the highlighted articles in particular.
Alien species invasion and habitat destruction are among the primary threats to native animal communities, particularly for native predator–prey systems. However, when predator invasion and habitat ...destruction co‐occur, it remains unclear whether their respective threats to native systems compensate each other or accumulate, as well as how these effects respond to the different characteristics of predator invasion and habitat destruction. In this study, we developed a spatially explicit simulation model with one prey species and one predator species and exposed it to invasive predators and habitat destruction with different properties. The results revealed the following insights: (1) Habitat destruction can compensate threats to native predator–prey systems from global predator invasion only when native predators possess predation capability similar to those of the invaders. In other scenarios, cumulative effects arise from predator invasion and habitat destruction. (2) Low levels of habitat destruction occurring at a faster rate, in conjunction with a substantial number of global invasive predators being present, can better compensate their respective threats to native predator–prey systems than the other scenarios. These findings provide valuable insights into situations where habitat destruction and alien species invasion coincide. They raise the question of whether we can leverage the interaction between them to reduce threats to biodiversity.
Habitat destruction can compensate threats to native predator–prey systems from global predator invasion only when native predators possess predation capability similar to those of the invaders. Low levels of habitat destruction occurring at a faster rate, in conjunction with a substantial number of global invasive predators being present, can better compensate their respective threats to native predator–prey systems than the other scenarios.
The spaceborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) with persistent scatterer (PS) is utilized to retrieve the spatial characteristics of the largest coseismic landslide Daguangbao, ...induced by the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, China. The available twenty interferometric pairs with good coherence selected from the ALOS/PALSAR imagery data covering the Longmen Shan mountainous area are used in the study. We have constructed a natural geodetic observation network with numerous scattered bare rocks emerging after the earthquake and coseismic landslide events, which are effectively recognized as the radar persistent scattering objects. The spatial connections between adjacent PS are established to form observation baselines with differential parameters related to topography and deformation, which are determined by the least squares method from time-series interferometric phase analysis. The post-seismic topographic change relative to the pre-seismic over the landslide area is spatially mapped from the PS network adjustment solution. The quantitative estimation of local elevation change, mass sliding volume and deposit thickness associated with the landslide is conducted. The spatial pattern of mass movement suggests that the giant landslide is characterized by a major sliding length of 4350m along the NE–SW directions with an extension width of 3400m along the Huangdongzi gully, and a peak height change of 535m in the vertical direction. The affected area of landslide mass movement reaches 7.2km2 with the volume up to 1.28billion m3. The study also demonstrates the potential of persistent scatterer InSAR technique as an alternative to allow the quantitative measurement of mass wasting volume associated with earthquake-induced giant landslides.
•InSAR has potential to quantify mass wasting volume on giant seismic landslides.•The largest landslide triggered by Wenchuan earthquake was spatially mapped.•Rock mass sliding and deposit extent were detected from PS network solution.•Landslide emplacement process was inferred from local geomorphic change.
An Mw 6.8 earthquake occurred in Luding County, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, on 5 September 2022. This seismic event triggered numerous coseismic geohazards in the seismic ...zone. In this study, the ascending- and descending-track synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images observed by the Sentinel-1A satellite are utilized to extract the coseismic surface deformation of the Luding earthquake. Subsequently, a faulting model is estimated based on the elastic dislocation theory, under the constraint of the InSAR observation. Additionally, the POT technique was employed to detect coseismic geohazards. High-spatial-resolution optical remote sensing images served to validate the reliability of the detection results. The coseismic interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) deformation field indicated a maximum deformation of ~190 mm and ~140 mm along the ascending and descending tracks, respectively. The estimated best-fitting faulting model suggests that the optimal seismogenic fault strike and dip angles are 169.3° and 70°, respectively. The fault slip predominantly exhibits left-lateral strike-slip characteristics and is concentrated at depths of 3-12 km. The estimated maximum fault slip was 2.67 m, occurring at a depth of 7 km. The pixel offset tracking (POT) result derived from the pre- and post-earthquake SAR images found a total of 245 medium- to large-scale coseismic geohazards, with a verification rate from optical images exceeding 64%. The distribution of these geohazards is notably dense within the significant fault rupture segment. Geohazards on the fault hanging wall are densely packed, whereas landslides along the Dadu River's fault footwall are also notably frequent.
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•Nanoporous Si with controlled morphology was prepared.•Chemical dealloying was used for nanomaterials fabrication.•Optimal composition of Al-Si alloy precursors is determined on melt ...fragility.•Al-Si eutectic alloy derived honeycomb-like nanoporous Si showed good electrochemical performance.
Nanoporous metal materials synthesized by dealloying play a vital role in catalysis, energy sources, sensors and biological monitoring fields. The alloy composition can greatly affect the structure and porosity of dealloyed products. But in many cases, the composition of precursor alloy is optimized by a trial-and-error approach. To determine the optimal composition of Al-Si precursor alloys, we investigated their melt fragility. It is found that Al-Si eutectic alloy possesses not merely the smallest melt fragility, but also the strongest tendency to form honeycomb-like nanoporous Si with large specific surface area. A prediction of the optimal composition of Al-Si precursor alloys is realized by melt fragility. When used as lithium-ion batteries anodes, the honeycomb-like nanoporous Si12 anode delivers a better cycling performance with a higher capacity retention than that of Si7 and Si20 anodes. This strategy allows for prediction of the optimal precursor alloy composition in dealloying.
Understanding invasion mechanisms or identifying their potential outcomes has been a longstanding objective of invasion. Many recent empirical and theoretical works tend to frame a perspective of ...invasion biology within the field of coexistence theory. With increasing emphasis on indirect competitions, more researches hold that niche departure, intransitive loop structure or the integration of these two would be the potential mechanisms to promote native coexistence. But how invasion dynamics rely on these key properties of native competitive network is seldom investigated. Here, we introduce one alien species to a three-species competition system. By setting the structure of coexistence coefficient matrix, we consider three native coexistence mechanisms. After analyzing the equilibrium consequences of alien species invasion under these three mechanisms, we have found that (1) in the native communities supported by strong niche differentiation, alien species can certainly establish their population but would not pose great destruction to native species. (2) Invasion exclusion would happen in the community maintained by intransitive competition loop. However, whether alien species coexist with or exclude resident populations depends on both intraspecific and interspecific competition of invader. (3) The community assembled by the combination of these two mechanisms are most resistant to invasion, and where invasion consequences are more diverse. (4) Finally, the species long-term steady state and short-term respond always keep consistent. We have explicitly situated invasion process within the recent coexistence framework. Our results would broaden the understanding of invasion mechanisms and provide insights into the combination of invasion and coexistence theory.
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is one of the most important food, feed, industrial raw materials, and new energy crops, and is widely cultivated around the world. China is the largest sweet ...potato producer in the world, and the sweet potato industry plays an important role in China’s agriculture. During the growth of sweet potato, it is often affected by biotic stresses, such as fungi, nematodes, insects, viruses, and bacteria. These stressors are widespread worldwide and have severely restricted the production of sweet potato. In recent years, with the rapid development and maturity of biotechnology, an increasing number of stress-related genes have been introduced into sweet potato, which improves its quality and resistance of sweet potato. This paper summarizes the discovery of biological stress-related genes in sweet potato and the related mechanisms of stress resistance from the perspectives of genomics analysis, transcriptomics analysis, genetic engineering, and physiological and biochemical indicators. The mechanisms of stress resistance provide a reference for analyzing the molecular breeding of disease resistance mechanisms and biotic stress resistance in sweet potato.
The rational division of active tectonic blocks is an important premise for distinguishing active faults, discovering hidden faults, and an in-depth understanding of regional crustal deformation ...characteristics, seismicity, and tectonic dynamics. In recent years, clustering algorithms have been widely used in active block division owing to their high efficiency and reliability. However, the classical clustering algorithm sensitivity to the block boundary under different conditions is inconsistent. Additionally, the Euler model constraint (EMC) process involved in the classical clustering algorithm ignores the influence of the boundary points and gross error points of the active block. Therefore, in this study, a new active block division method based on adaptive density peak clustering (ADPC) and an improved Euler model constraint (IEMC) is proposed. The simulation test results show that compared with the traditional clustering algorithm, the mean error rate of the new method can be reduced by up to 40% in the simple single-fault model and by 10% in the complex three-segment model. The new method was further applied to an actual case of an active block division in southwest Japan. The results further show that the new method is less affected by the regional environmental conditions. Compared with previous results in southwest Japan, the proposed method has higher accuracy and higher reliability of the active block division results. The new method for active block division proposed in this study can be used to accurately explore the location and quantity of block boundaries.
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•Improved Euler model constraint (IEMC) can better characterize block overall trend.•New active block division method combining ADPC algorithm and IEMC is proposed.•Revealing the latest active block division results of the southwest Japan.
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