•Propose some formulae to calculate the gain and loss for unbalanced HFLTSs.•Extend the TODIM method to deal with MCGDM problems with unbalanced HFLTSs.•Provide three applications to demonstrate the ...proposed TODIM method.
Uncertainty and impreciseness usually exist widely in decision making problems nowadays. When eliciting assessments over alternatives, decision makers tend to have some hesitancy and thus provide hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTSs). Moreover, the unbalanced linguistic term set sometimes has advantages over the balanced one for dealing with practical linguistic decision making problems. The purpose of this paper is to develop a new method to deal with multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) problems with unbalanced HFLTSs by considering the psychological behavior of decision makers. To achieve this goal, some formulae are first proposed to calculate the gain and loss for an unbalanced HFLTS over another. As a special case of the unbalanced HFLTS, the formulae of gain and loss for a balanced HFLTS are also provided. Afterwards, the classical TODIM method is extended to develop a new MCGDM method based on unbalanced HFLTSs. Eventually, the proposed method is demonstrated by using three practical applications, including a personnel selection process, an investment alternative selection process and a telecommunication service provider selection process.
The hesitant fuzzy preference relation (HFPR) is a useful tool for decision makers to elicit their preference information over a set of alternatives. In this paper, it is first proposed an approach ...to deriving a priority weight vector from an incomplete HFPR using the logarithmic least squares method. Based on the priority weight vector, the consistency index of an incomplete HFPR is defined, which calculates the average deviation between the priority weight vector and all elements of the incomplete HFPR. For an incomplete HFPR which is unacceptably consistent, an automatic algorithm is developed to improve the consistency. These results are then extended to propose a new procedure for group analytic hierarchy process to deal with multi-criteria group decision making problems. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approaches are demonstrated by some numerical examples.
Object detection is dedicated to finding objects in an image and estimate their categories and locations. Recently, object detection algorithms suffer from a loss of semantic information in the ...deeper feature maps due to the deepening of the backbone network. For example, when using complex backbone networks, existing feature fusion methods cannot fuse information from different layers effectively. In addition, anchor-free object detection methods fail to accurately predict the same object due to the different learning mechanisms of the regression and centrality of the prediction branches. To address the above problem, we propose a multi-scale fusion and interactive learning method for fully convolutional one-stage anchor-free object detection, called MFIL-FCOS. Specifically, we designed a multi-scale fusion module to address the problem of local semantic information loss in high-level feature maps which strengthen the ability of feature extraction by enhancing the local information of low-level features and fusing the rich semantic information of high-level features. Furthermore, we propose an interactive learning module to increase the interactivity and more accurate predictions by generating a centrality-position weight adjustment regression task and a centrality prediction task. Following these strategic improvements, we conduct extensive experiments on the COCO and DIOR datasets, demonstrating its superior capabilities in 2D object detection tasks and remote sensing image detection, even under challenging conditions.
Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) feature prominently in the progression of various cancers. However, the biological functions of many circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are far from fully clarified. ...This work is performed to decipher the function of circ_0000098 (circSLC30A7) in modulating the progression of HCC and its molecular mechanism.
Microarray data (GSE97332) were available from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and circRNA differentially expressed in HCC tissues was screened out by GEO2R tool. Circ_0000098, microRNA-1204 (miR-1204), and aristaless-like homeobox-4 (ALX4) mRNA expressions were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), scratch wound healing, and Transwell assays were adopted to determine proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. ALX4 protein, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin expressions were evaluated by Western blot. In addition, the targeting relationship between miR-1204 and circ_0000098 or ALX4 was studied with dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay.
Circ_0000098 expression level was markedly declined in HCC tissues and cells, and its underexpression was associated with larger tumor size of HCC patients. Knocking down circ_0000098 observably promoted the multiplication, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of Huh7 and SMMC-7721 cells. Additionally, circ_0000098 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of HCC cells, and up-regulated ALX4 expression through competitively decoying miR-1204.
Circ_0000098, as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-1204, upregulates ALX4 expression and suppresses the growth, migration, invasion, and EMT of HCC cells.
The effect of spatial cueing on eye gaze has been confirmed by a large number of studies, but the effect of spatial cueing on face direction and the impact of eye gaze on this effect are less known. ...In four experiments, we investigated the attentional bias induced by face direction. A modified paradigm of spatial cueing was adopted with stimuli that were static faces rotated by 90 or 45° to the left or right from the frontal view. To control the effect of eyes, face stimuli with eyes open and those with eyes closed were both used in each experiment. In Experiment 1, the facial cue (face rotated by 90°) and target were presented simultaneously, and the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the facial cue and target was set to be 300, 600, and 900 ms in Experiments 2 (face rotated by 90°), 3 (inverted face rotated by 90°), and 4 (face rotated by 45°), respectively. The response time of detecting the target position was recorded. The spatial cueing effects were nonsignificant in Experiment 1, in which the cue and target were presented simultaneously. However, significant spatial cueing effects of face direction were found in Experiments 2 and 3, in which the upright and inverted faces rotated by 90° were adopted, respectively, in both the eyes open and eyes closed conditions. In addition, we did not find an effect of spatial cueing with the face rotated by 45° (Experiment 4). Our results indicate that face direction can bias visual attention. This effect might not be based on the holistic processing of faces.
The lysine methyltransferase SETD8 is the only known methyltransferase that catalyzes monomethylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20). Monomethylation of H4K20 has been implicated in regulating ...diverse biological processes including the DNA damage response. In addition to H4K20, SETD8 monomethylates non-histone substrates including proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and promotes carcinogenesis by deregulating PCNA expression. However, selective inhibitors of SETD8 are scarce. The only known selective inhibitor of SETD8 to date is nahuoic acid A, a marine natural product, which is competitive with the cofactor. Here, we report the discovery of the first substrate-competitive inhibitor of SETD8, UNC0379 (1). This small-molecule inhibitor is active in multiple biochemical assays. Its affinity to SETD8 was confirmed by ITC (isothermal titration calorimetry) and SPR (surface plasmon resonance) studies. Importantly, compound 1 is selective for SETD8 over 15 other methyltransferases. We also describe structure–activity relationships (SAR) of this series.
Selective inhibitors of protein lysine methyltransferases, including SET domain-containing protein 8 (SETD8), are highly desired, as only a fraction of these enzymes are associated with high-quality ...inhibitors. From our previously discovered SETD8 inhibitor, we developed a more potent analog and solved a cocrystal structure, which is the first crystal structure of SETD8 in complex with a small-molecule inhibitor. This cocrystal structure allowed the design of a covalent inhibitor of SETD8 (MS453), which specifically modifies a cysteine residue near the inhibitor binding site, has an IC
value of 804 nM, reacts with SETD8 with near-quantitative yield, and is selective for SETD8 against 28 other methyltransferases. We also solved the crystal structure of the covalent inhibitor in complex with SETD8. This work provides atomic-level perspective on the inhibition of SETD8 by small molecules and will help identify high-quality chemical probes of SETD8.
With the increase of technological and societal demands, more and more decision makers are involved in the process of group decision making, which is called large-scale group decision making (LGDM). ...For an LGDM problem with linguistic information, it is common that different decision makers tend to provide linguistic assessments defined on multigranular linguistic term sets due to the difference in knowledge and culture background, and that hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTSs) are used by decision makers to model the hesitancy of their assessments. This article proposes first an algorithm to represent a linguistic distribution assessment (LDA) using a hesitant linguistic distribution (HLD). Two other algorithms are then proposed to transform an unbalanced HFLTS into a balanced LDA and to transform a balanced LDA into an unbalanced LDA, respectively. An approach is then proposed to deal with multiattribute LGDM problems with multigranular unbalanced hesitant fuzzy linguistic information based on these algorithms. In the proposed approach, all unbalanced hesitant fuzzy linguistic information is transformed into LDAs defined on a balanced linguistic term set, and then an LDA-based clustering algorithm is devised to cluster decision makers. Based on the clustering result, decision makers' linguistic distribution decision matrices are further fused to obtain collective assessments of alternatives. In order to provide easy-to-understand linguistic results for decision makers, all LDAs of alternatives are represented by HLDs defined on each decision maker's initial linguistic term set. Finally, an example for the selection of subway lines is used to demonstrate the proposed approach.
•C-terminal domains (CTDs) of TIG3 and H-REV107 can induce cell death independently.•N-terminal domains (NTDs) of TIG3 and H-REV107 play opposite roles in regulating their CTDs.•The overall folds are ...quite similar for TIG3 and H-REV107 NTDs.•CTD binding regions on NTD are different for TIG3 and H-REV107.
H-REV107-like family proteins TIG3 and H-REV107 are class II tumor suppressors. Here we report that the C-terminal domains (CTDs) of TIG3 and H-REV107 can induce HeLa cell death independently. The N-terminal domain (NTD) of TIG3 enhances the cell death inducing ability of CTD, while NTD of H-REV107 plays an inhibitory role. The solution structure of TIG3 NTD is very similar to that of H-REV107 in overall fold. However, the CTD binding regions on NTD are different between TIG3 and H-REV107, which may explain their functional difference. As a result, the flexible main loop of H-REV107, but not that of TIG3, is critical for its NTD to modulate its CTD in inducing cell death.
Due to complicated decision environment and limited knowledge of decision makers, decision makers may provide incomplete hesitant fuzzy linguistic preference relations (IHFLPRs) in group decision ...making (GDM) problems. Furthermore, to guarantee that decision makers are non-random and logical and obtain decision results that are accepted by most decision makers, it is necessary to consider individual consistency control in consensus reaching processes (CRPs) for GDM problems. In this paper, some models are developed to manage incomplete information and consensus for GDM with IHFLPRs. First, we develop an optimization model to impute missing elements for an IHFLPR, in which the best additive consistency index (BCI) and the average additive consistency index (ACI) are utilized to measure the additive consistency level of an IHFLPR. Afterwards, for CRPs in GDM with IHFLPRs, some local adjustment strategy-based feedback adjustment rules are proposed to assist decision makers in modifying HFLPRs by considering the BCI and the ACI. Moreover, an iterative consensus reaching algorithm for GDM with IHFLPRs is further proposed. Eventually, a numerical example of 3D visualization management system selection for an automobile manufacturing enterprise is presented to elaborate the feasibility of the consensus reaching algorithm, and detailed numerical results are also provided to justify the algorithm.
•Propose an optimization model to impute missing elements for an IHFLPR.•Design some local adjustment strategy-based feedback adjustment rules.•Devise an iterative consensus reaching algorithm with consistency control.•Provide detailed numerical results to justify the proposed algorithm.
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