We report Neutrino-4 experiment results of measurements of reactor antineutrinos flux and spectrum dependence on the distance in range 6–12 m from the center of the reactor core. The fit of ...experimental dependence with the law 1/
L
2
, where
L
is the distance from the reactor center, gave satisfactory result with goodness of fit 81%. However, we discovered that the experimental neutrino spectrum is different from the calculated one. Using experimental spectrum, we performed the model independent analysis of restrictions on oscillation parameters Δ
m
14
2
and sin
2
2θ
14
. The results of this analysis exclude area of reactor and gallium anomaly at CL more than 99.7% (>3σ) for values Δ
m
14
2
< 3 eV
2
and sin
2
2θ
14
> 0.1. However, we observed an oscillation effect at CL 2.8σ in vicinity of Δ
m
14
2
Δ
m
14
2
≈ 7.3 eV
2
and sin
2
2θ
14
≈ 0.39. The method of coherent addition of results of measurements, which allows us to directly observe the effect of oscillations, is proposed. The analysis of that effect is presented. In general, it seems that the effect predicted in gallium and reactor experiments is being confirmed but at sufficiently large value of Δ
m
14
2
. Future prospects of the experiment are discussed.
Continued circulation of the whooping cough pathogen, even in countries with high vaccine coverage, can be related to persistence of
Bordetella pertussis
biofilms in the respiratory tract. The films ...differ from planktonic cells by increased resistance to the host immune system and antibacterial drugs. The available acellular pertussis vaccines (aPV) containing antigens isolated from planktonic cultures of
B. pertussis
protect from severe forms of whooping cough, but do not effectively influence circulation of virulent strains in the subclinical forms of the disease and asymptomatic carriage. It is promising to create new generation aPV based on antigens isolated from biofilm cultures of
B. pertussis
capable of more effectively controlling the entire infectious cycle of whooping cough, including colonization, persistence, and transmission of the pathogen. From antigenic complexes isolated from the culture medium of biofilm and planktonic cultures of the strain
B. pertussis
No. 317 (serotype 1.2.3), experimental aPV were made: aPV-B and aPV-P, respectively. In intracerebral infection of mice with a virulent strain of
B. pertussis
, aPV-B demonstrated 2.5-fold higher protective activity than aPV-P and also more effectively reduced colonization of the lungs by
B. pertussis
cells in mice after intranasal infection with a virulent strain. Both vaccine preparations were safe and did not cause death in mice after administration of histamine.
We consider the regression problem, i.e. prediction of a real valued function. A Gaussian process prior is imposed on the function, and is combined with the training data to obtain predictions for ...new points. We introduce a Bayesian regularization on parameters of a covariance function of the process, which increases quality of approximation and robustness of the estimation. Also an approach to modeling nonstationary covariance function of a Gaussian process on basis of linear expansion in parametric functional dictionary is proposed. Introducing such a covariance function allows to model functions, which have non-homogeneous behaviour. Combining above features with careful optimization of covariance function parameters results in unified approach, which can be easily implemented and applied. The resulting algorithm is an out of the box solution to regression problems, with no need to tune parameters manually. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated on various datasets.
Context. Reliable, directly measured optical properties of astrophysical ice analogues in the infrared and terahertz (THz) range are missing from the literature. These parameters are of great ...importance to model the dust continuum radiative transfer in dense and cold regions, where thick ice mantles are present, and are necessary for the interpretation of future observations planned in the far-infrared region. Aims. Coherent THz radiation allows for direct measurement of the complex dielectric function (refractive index) of astrophysically relevant ice species in the THz range. Methods. We recorded the time-domain waveforms and the frequency-domain spectra of reference samples of CO ice, deposited at a temperature of 28.5 K and annealed to 33 K at different thicknesses. We developed a new algorithm to reconstruct the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index from the time-domain THz data. Results. The complex refractive index in the wavelength range 1 mm–150 μm (0.3–2.0 THz) was determined for the studied ice samples, and this index was compared with available data found in the literature. Conclusions. The developed algorithm of reconstructing the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index from the time-domain THz data enables us, for the first time, to determine the optical properties of astrophysical ice analogues without using the Kramers–Kronig relations. The obtained data provide a benchmark to interpret the observational data from current ground-based facilities as well as future space telescope missions, and we used these data to estimate the opacities of the dust grains in presence of CO ice mantles.
Colloidal suspensions of Au
x
Pd
1-x
nanoalloys were prepared via hydrazine co-reduction of AuCl
4
−
and PdCl
4
2−
complex anions in aqueous solution. High molecular weight polymeric compounds ...polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and cryptoionic surfactants (AF-6 and AF-12 neonols, Triton X-100) were used as surface capping agents. Nanoparticles prepared under different experimental conditions were immobilized on γ-Al
2
O
3
supports. The removal of the capping agents from the surface of the active particles was achieved through calcination of samples in oxidative atmosphere (air, 500 °C). This pretreatment of the catalysts significantly enhances their performance. Powder XRD, TEM, and EDX were employed to characterize the structure, size, and composition of the Au
x
Pd
1-x
/γ-Al
2
O
3
catalysts. The immobilized particles consist of uniformly mixed alloys having multi-domain face-centered cubic structure with typical crystallite size of 3–6 nm. The activity of the prepared samples was examined with temperature-programmed CO oxidation reaction (TP-CO+O
2
). Triton X-100 surfactant is superior in a number of parameters. Among all Au
x
Pd
1-x
/γ-Al
2
O
3
catalysts tested, the one stabilized with Triton X-100 (0.4%Au-0.2%Pd@Triton X-100) was found to have the highest activity for conversion of CO into CO
2
.
We investigate the possibility to calculate the ground‐state energy of the atomic systems on a quantum computer. For this purpose we evaluate the lowest binding energy of the moscovium atom with the ...use of the iterative phase estimation and variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). The calculations by the VQE are performed with a disentangled unitary coupled cluster ansatz and with various types of hardware‐efficient ansatze. The optimization is performed with the use of the Adam and quantum natural gradients procedures. The scalability of the ansatze and optimizers is tested by increasing the size of the basis set and the number of active electrons. The number of gates required for the iterative phase estimation and VQE is also estimated.
The possibility of simulating the electronic structure of ions and atoms by quantum algorithms is studied in the example of the moscovium atom. Among all tested approaches, the variational quantum eigensolver with the problem‐inspired ansatz and Adam optimizer demonstrated the highest level of scalability while simultaneously providing a high level of accuracy for the ground‐state energy.
PDF
