We show that the electroweak monopole can be regularized with a non-vacuum electromagnetic permittivity. This allows us to set a new BPS bound for the monopole mass, which implies that the mass may ...not be smaller than 2.98 TeV, more probably 3.75 TeV. We demonstrate that the same method can also regularize the Dirac monopole, which enhances the possibility to construct the Dirac monopole of mass of a few hundred meV in condensed matters. We discuss the physical implications of our result.
The vortex solutions of various classical planar field theories with (Abelian) Chern–Simons term are reviewed. Relativistic vortices, put forward by Paul and Khare, arise when the Abelian Higgs model ...is augmented with the Chern–Simons term. Adding a suitable sixth-order potential and turning off the Maxwell term provides us with pure Chern–Simons theory, with both topological and non-topological self-dual vortices, as found by Hong–Kim–Pac, and by Jackiw–Lee–Weinberg. The non-relativistic limit of the latter leads to non-topological Jackiw–Pi vortices with a pure fourth-order potential. Explicit solutions are found by solving the Liouville equation.
The scalar matter field can be replaced by spinors, leading to fermionic vortices.
Alternatively, topological vortices in external field are constructed in the phenomenological model proposed by Zhang–Hansson–Kivelson. Non-relativistic Maxwell–Chern–Simons vortices are also studied.
The Schrödinger symmetry of Jackiw–Pi vortices, as well as the construction of some time-dependent vortices, can be explained by the conformal properties of non-relativistic space–time, derived in a Kaluza–Klein-type framework.
A
bstract
CP4 3HDM is a three-Higgs-doublet model based on the
CP
symmetry of order 4 (CP4). Imposing CP4 leads to remarkable connections between the scalar and Yukawa sectors and unavoidably ...generates tree-level flavor-changing neutral couplings (FCNC). It remains unclear whether FCNC can be sufficiently suppressed in the CP4 3HDM. In this paper, we systematically explore this issue. We first develop an efficient scanning procedure which takes the quark masses and mixing as input and expresses the FCNC matrices in terms of physical quark observables and quark rotation parameters. This procedure allows us to explore the FCNC effects for all the Yukawa sectors possible within the CP4 3HDM. We find that, out of the eight possible CP4 Yukawa sectors, only two scenarios are compatible with the
K
,
B
,
B
s
and, in particular,
D
-meson oscillation constraints. The results of this work serve as clear guidelines for future phenomenological scans of the model.
We present the basic non-perturbative structure of the space of classical dynamical solutions and corresponding one particle quantum states in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory. It has been demonstrated that ...the Weyl group of su(3) algebra plays an important role in constructing non-perturbative solutions and leads to profound changes in the structure of the classical and quantum Yang-Mills theory. We show that the Weyl group as a non-trivial color subgroup of SU(3) admits singlet irreducible representations on a space of classical dynamical solutions which lead to strict concepts of one particle quantum states for gluons and quarks. The Yang-Mills theory is a non-linear theory and, in general, it is not possible to construct a Hilbert space of classical solutions and quantum states as a linear vector space, so, usually, a perturbative approach is applied. We propose a non-perturbative approach based on Weyl symmetric solutions to full non-linear equations of motion and construct a full space of dynamical solutions representing an infinite but countable solution space classified by a finite set of integer numbers. It has been proved that the Weyl singlet structure of classical solutions provides the existence of a stable non-degenerate vacuum which serves as a main precondition of the color confinement phenomenon. Some physical implications in quantum chromodynamics are considered.
The equations of motion of an isospin-carrying particle in a Yang–Mills and gravitational field were first proposed in 1968 by Kerner, who considered geodesics in a Kaluza–Klein-type framework. Two ...years later, the flat space Kerner equations were completed by also considering the motion of the isospin by Wong, who used a field-theoretical approach. Their groundbreaking work was then followed by a long series of rediscoveries whose history is reviewed. The concept of isospin charge and the physical meaning of its motion are discussed. Conserved quantities are studied for Wu–Yang monopoles and diatomic molecules by using van Holten’s algorithm.
With advances in networks, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things, humanoid robots are rising in many areas, including elderly care, companion, education, and services in public ...sectors. Given their sensing and communication functionality, information leakage and unauthorized access will be of big concern. Very often, authentication techniques for service robots, especially those related to behavioral identification, have been developed, in which behavior models are created using raw data from sensors. However, behavioral-based authentication and re-authentication is still an open area for research, including cold start problems, accuracy, and uncertainty. This paper proposes a hierarchical implicit authentication system by joint built-in sensors and trust evaluation, coined sAuth, which exploits sensor data-based sliding window trust model to identify the service robot and its expected users. In order to mitigate the fluctuations of identification results in the real world environment, the trust evaluation is computed via combining the weighted intermediate identification probability of various small sliding windows. The performance of sAuth is evaluated under different scenarios where we show that (i) approximately 5–7% higher accuracy and 2–18% lower equal error rate can be achieved by our method compared to other works; and (ii) the hierarchical scheme with joint sensors and trust sliding windows improves the authentication accuracy significantly by comparing it with only sensor-based authentication.
It is imperative to have an in-depth understanding of the gas migration mechanism during close-distance coal seam mining, not only to prevent fires in the coal industry but also to propose safety ...strategies for controlling toxic gases. The 1818 working face of the Shaping Coal Mine was used as an exemplary close-distance coal seam mine. Through the construction of boreholes and the arrangement of bundle pipes in the two parallel grooves of the working face and the upper goaf at the corresponding positions in the working face, the gases in the upper and lower goafs were monitored online timely. The firsthand information about the gas distribution was obtained through on-site tests, which provided the robust data for studying the migration mechanism of toxic gases during close-distance coal seam mining. By studying the spatial distribution of harmful gases in the upper goaf without mining the overlying coal, the static distribution law of gas was obtained. By discussing the spatial distribution and migration of harmful gases in the goaf of the overlying coal seam during mining, the dynamic distribution law of the gas was obtained. By studying the spatial distribution and migration of toxic gases in the mined-out area of the lower coal seam during mining, the dynamic distribution of gases in the mined-out area of the lower coal seam was obtained. Moreover, the migration mechanism of gas emission from the goafs in the close-distance coal seam was explored. By analyzing the factors responsible for the accumulation of toxic gases in the return air corner, feasible safety measures were also proposed to prevent this hazard during close-distance coal seam mining.
We investigate the vacuum instability in the presence of dilaton field in a holographic setup. Although the dilaton is a bulk field, it leads to the vacuum instability on the boundary. We show that ...the whole process crucially depends on the probe brane position and as well on the radial coordinate so that the effects of dilaton scale parameter in different regions of the bulk or for different probe brane positions are different. We also observe that in our study, the temperature can strengthen the effect of scale parameter in reducing the potential barrier. Finally, we show that this Schwinger-like effect, although is interesting by itself, does not produce a considerable pair production rate.
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