The Longwangzhuang pluton is a typical example of Paleoproterozoic A-type granite intrusions at the southern margin of the North China Craton. This pluton is composed of arfvedsonite granite and ...minor aegirine-augite granites. Samples from both granite types display similar zircon U-Pb ages with
U-
Pb ages of 1612 ± 19 Ma mean square weighted deviation (MSWD) = 0.66 and 1609 ± 24 Ma (MSWD = 0.5), respectively. The granites exhibit similar high silica (SiO
= 71.1-73.4 wt.%), high alkaline (Na
O + K
O = 8.10-9.26 wt.%, K
O/Na
O > 1), and low Al
O
(11.8-12.8 wt. %) contents and metaluminous to weakly peraluminous bulk chemistry. The chemical variations of the Longwangzhuang pluton suggest the effects of mineral fractionation. In addition, all samples show typical characteristics of A-type granites, such as high 10000Ga/Al ratios (4.10-7.28), high FeO
/(FeO
+ MgO) ratios (0.88-0.99), and high Zr (484-1082 ppm), Ce (201-560 ppm), and Y (78-156 ppm) contents. The ε
(t) values and the (
Pb/
Pb)
, (
Pb/
Pb)
, and (
Pb/
Pb)
ratios of the arfvedsonite granite samples vary from -4.6 to -5.3, 15.021 to 17.349, 15.241 to 15.472, and 33.206 to 36.905, respectively, and those for the aegirine-augite granite sample amount at -0.2, 14.421, 15.175, and 33.706. The distinct and variable Nd and Pb isotope values indicate the presence of heterogeneous protoliths. Based on its geochemistry, its low initial Pb isotope ratios, and its enrichment in Nd isotopes, we infer that the Longwangzhuang A-type granite is the partial melting product of basement rocks such as the Taihua Group gneisses accompanied by some involvement of juvenile material from the mantle. Together with published data from other Paleoproterozoic A-type granite plutons exposed at the southern margin of the craton, our findings suggest that these granites had a similar origin. Furthermore, geochemically, they can be divided into two groups: A
-type, which formed earlier (~1.8-1.6 Ga), and A
-type, which formed later (~1.6-1.5 Ga). Combining this information with the variations in whole-rock Nd and zircon Hf isotopic composition at ca. 1.6 Ga, we propose that tectonic transformation from post-orogenic to anorogenic magmatism occurred at the southern margin of the North China Craton at that time.
Environmental stresses are major constraints that limit the leaf productivity and quality of mulberry. LncRNAs have emerged as important regulators in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in ...plants. However, the functions and mechanisms of most lncRNAs remain largely unknown. A novel lncRNA designated as
was found to be cleaved by mul-miR3954 and produce secondary siRNAs in a 21 nt phase in mulberry. It was demonstrated that one of the siRNAs produced, si161579, can silence the expression of the calmodulin-like protein gene
of mulberry (
). When
was heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis, the transgenic plants exhibited enhanced resistance to
and
pv tomato DC3000. In addition, the transgenic
overexpressing Arabidopsis plants are more tolerant to salt and drought stresses. Furthermore, the network of mul-miR3954-
-siRNAs-mRNAs was modeled to elucidate the interaction between lncRNAs and sRNAs with mRNAs. All of these, taken together, suggest that
was associated with environmental stress in mulberry and may be considered as a potential genetic improvement target gene of mulberry. The information provided may shed light on the complicated gene expression regulatory mechanisms in mulberry stress responses.
To identify the molecular mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets of late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (LOAD), we performed an integrative network analysis of multi-omics profiling of four cortical ...areas across 364 donors with varying cognitive and neuropathological phenotypes. Our analyses revealed thousands of molecular changes and uncovered neuronal gene subnetworks as the most dysregulated in LOAD. ATP6V1A was identified as a key regulator of a top-ranked neuronal subnetwork, and its role in disease-related processes was evaluated through CRISPR-based manipulation in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and RNAi-based knockdown in Drosophila models. Neuronal impairment and neurodegeneration caused by ATP6V1A deficit were improved by a repositioned compound, NCH-51. This study provides not only a global landscape but also detailed signaling circuits of complex molecular interactions in key brain regions affected by LOAD, and the resulting network models will serve as a blueprint for developing next-generation therapeutic agents against LOAD.
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•Development of gene network models of four cortical areas affected by LOAD•Identification of region-specific molecular changes and gene subnetworks in LOAD•ATP6V1A is a top key regulator of a neuronal subnetwork most disrupted in LOAD•NCH-51 normalizes neuronal impairment and neurodegeneration caused by ATP6V1A deficit
Employing an integrative network biology approach, Wang et al. identify critical gene subnetworks associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) and predict ATP6V1A as a key regulator of a neuron-specific subnetwork most affected by LOAD. ATP6V1A deficit causes neuronal impairment and neurodegeneration, which are normalized by a predicted compound, NCH-51.
•Fabrication of a novel sensing material of mesoporous WO3-TiO2.•The hydrogen gas sensor at room working temperature to save energy.•This sensor possesses high sensor response, good selectivity and ...stability.
In this study, the WO3-TiO2 composite was fabricated as a hydrogen gas sensing element, and the heterojunction effect produced by the combination of WO3 and TiO2 was applied to hydrogen sensing under room temperature. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, multipoint Brunner-Emmet-Teller model and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the structure and morphology of the samples. The fabricated 4.0 wt% WO3-TiO2 possessing mesoporous structure was obtained with a high surface area of 109.8 m2/g. 4.0 wt% WO3-TiO2 -based sensor exhibited a high sense response of 5.26–10,000 ppm H2 with a short recovery time (5 s). The sensing time required for a complete single cycle was 182 s, a drop of 90.8 % from that for the TiO2-based sensor (1974s). Additionally, good stability, repeatability, and selectivity of the sensing material were observed. These experimental results reveal that the 4.0 wt% WO3-TiO2 heterojunction with mesoporous structure exhibits considerable potential as a hydrogen sensing element. A possible sensing mechanism was proposed.
Tumor-associated myeloid cells maintain immunosuppressive microenvironments within tumors. Identification of myeloid-specific receptors to modulate tumor-associated macrophage and myeloid-derived ...suppressor cell (MDSC) functions remains challenging. The leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B (LILRB) family members are negative regulators of myeloid cell activation. We investigated how LILRB targeting could modulate tumor-associated myeloid cell function. LILRB2 antagonism inhibited receptor-mediated activation of SHP1/2 and enhanced proinflammatory responses. LILRB2 antagonism also inhibited AKT and STAT6 activation in the presence of M-CSF and IL-4. Transcriptome analysis revealed that LILRB2 antagonism altered genes involved in cell cytoskeleton remodeling, lipid/cholesterol metabolism, and endosomal sorting pathways, as well as changed differentiation gene networks associated with inflammatory myeloid cells as opposed to their alternatively activated phenotype. LILRB2 blockade effectively suppressed granulocytic MDSC and Treg infiltration and significantly promoted in vivo antitumor effects of T cell immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, LILRB2 blockade polarized tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells from non-small cell lung carcinoma tumor tissues toward an inflammatory phenotype. Our studies suggest that LILRB2 can potentially act as a myeloid immune checkpoint by reprogramming tumor-associated myeloid cells and provoking antitumor immunity.
The preparation and performance improvement of the spinel coating on the surface of ferritic alloy is of wide interest for its application in the metallic interconnects of the solid oxide fuel cells ...(SOFCs). The CoMn2O3 composite coating is prepared on the surface of the Crofer alloy by the composite electrodeposition method. A step‐heating thermal conversion process is subsequently used to convert the composite coating into a spinel coating, while a direct‐heating process is implemented as the control experiment. Isothermal oxidation tests are then carried out for the prepared samples in order to present the high temperature performance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and area‐specific resistance (ASR) are used to analyze the properties of the matrix and coatings. The experimental results reveal that the coatings by step‐heating thermal conversion exhibit better performance of electrical conductivity and oxidation resistance than the coatings by direct‐heating process. Furthermore, with the increase of oxidation time, the atomic proportion of Cr element diffusing to the surface of the matrix is maintained at about 3%–4% for the samples with spinel coatings by step heating, which effectively prevent the Cr volatilization in the matrix. The preparation of spinel coatings on the ferritic alloy by composite electrodeposition and step‐heating thermal conversion is helpful to stimulate new ideas for the development of reliable and cost‐effective metallic interconnect.
Many modern radars use variable pulse repetition intervals (PRI) to improve anti-reconnaissance and anti-jamming performance. Their PRI features are probably software-defined, but the PRI values at ...different time instants are variable. Previous statistical pattern analyzing methods are unable to extract such undetermined PRI values and features, which greatly increases the difficulty of Electronic Support Measures (ESM) against such radars. In this communication, we first establish a model to describe the temporal patterns of software-defined radar pulse trains, then introduce the recurrent neural network (RNN) to mine high-order relationships between successive pulses, and finally exploit the temporal features to predict the time of arrival of upcoming pulses. In the simulation part, we compare different time series prediction models to verify the RNN’s adaptability for pulse sequences of variable parameter radars. Moreover, behaviors of different RNN units in this task are compared, and the results show that the proposed method can learn complex PRI features in pulse trains even in the presence of significant data noises and agile PRIs.
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•Boronate affinity controllable-oriented imprinting magnetic nanoparticle (BCEMN) is obtained.•Boronic acid modified/polyethylene glycol coated allochroic-graphene oxide (BPAO) is ...prepared.•BCEMN linked BPAO strategy is used for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of ellagic acid.•Compared with HPLC, this proposed method is more sensitive, lower cost, and less time-consuming.
Herein, we integrate boronate-affinity controllable-oriented ellagic acid-imprinted magnetic nanoparticles (BCEMN) and boronic acid-modified / polyethylene glycol-coated allochroic-graphene oxide (BPAO) for specific and ultrasensitive detection of ellagic acid (EA). The novel detection method depends on a dual boronate-affinity sandwich strategy. The symmetric EA is first specifically captured by the BCEMN based on the boronate-affinity-related molecularly imprinted recognition, and then labeled with BPAO due to the boronate-affinity recognition. The BPAO, which is functionalized with 2,6-difluoro-4-formyl-phenylboronic acid, loaded with a large amount of pH-sensitive thymol phthalide and coated with hydrophilic polyethylene glycol, can specifically recognize the cis-diol of EA at physiological condition (pH 7.4) and perform signal amplification and readout through pH-triggered allochroism. Furthermore, the signal readout of allochroism is linear with the logarithm of EA concentration over the range between 0.02 ng mL−1 to 104 ng mL−1 with a good correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.993), and the limit of detection (LOD) is 2.96 pg mL−1. Finally, the BCEMN linked BPAO (BCBP) strategy has also been successfully applied in the detection of EA concentration in spiked strawberry sample with recovery and relative standard deviation in the range of 84.9%–110.2% and 3.9%–6.1%, respectively.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine that presents clinically with abdominal pain, mucopurulent stools, and posterior urgency. The lesions of UC are mainly ...concentrated in the rectal and colonic mucosa and submucosa. For patients with mild to moderate UC, the best pharmacological treatment includes glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, antibiotics, and biologics, but the long-term application can have serious toxic side effects. Currently, nearly 40% of UC patients are treated with herbal natural products in combination with traditional medications to reduce the incidence of toxic side effects. Flavonoid herbal natural products are the most widely distributed polyphenols in plants and fruits, which have certain antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Flavonoid herbal natural products have achieved remarkable efficacy in the treatment of UC. The pharmacological mechanisms are related to anti-inflammation, promotion of mucosal healing, maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis, and regulation of intestinal flora. In this paper, we summarize the flavonoid components of anti-ulcerative colitis and their mechanisms reported in the past 10 years, to provide a basis for rational clinical use and the development of new anti-ulcerative colitis drugs.
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Mesozoic granitoid rocks in the eastern Qinling terrane along the southern margin of the North China Craton are significant for understanding geodynamics processes related to lithospheric ...delamination in the Late Mesozoic. In addition, these rocks have close genetic association with the largest Mo-(Au-Ag) polymetallic mineralization belt in China. In the present study, zircon U-Pb ages and elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic geochemistry are reported for two representative granite plutons (Heyu and Lantian) exposed in the eastern Qinling terrane. Granitoid rocks from both plutons are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous and are classified as I-type granite with formation ages of 145 ~ 135 Ma and 150 Ma, respectively. These rocks are characterized by adakite-like affinity without significant Eu anomalies. Both plutons have relatively high initial
87
Sr/
86
Sr ratios ranging between 0.7063 and 0.7109 and variable ε
Nd
(t) values of - 29.2 to - 6.5. Their Pb isotopic compositions are comparable to those of old high-grade metamorphic basement rocks from the North China Craton but are different from those of country rocks from the Xiong'er and Taihua groups. These features indicate genesis via reworking of the lower crust beneath North China and partial involvement of juvenile crustal material to different extents. Occurrences of ca. 1000-Ma-old inherited zircon in the Lantian granites imply the contribution of the Qinling Group in North Qinling to the magma source(s). This magmatism occurred intensively in a transitional setting from compression to extension and was likely induced by lithosphere thinning and asthenosphere upwelling beneath eastern China during the Cretaceous.
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