The use of the EIA point technique permitted the detection of viruses affecting essential-oil plants. The method is simple, highly specific, sensitive and can be used for checking seedlings prior to ...planting.
Infectivity of non-occluded particles of nuclear polyhedrosis virus infecting Galleria mellonella L. was determined with bioassay technique in vivo and with plaque assay method in vitro using SCLd ...135 (Quiot) established cell culture. A plaque-forming virus unit corresponds to about 50 ID50 for Galleria larvae injected into hemocoel for non-cloned and 0.1-1.0 ID50 for a virus isolate cloned from an infective plaque.
According to the International Diabetes Federation, the challenge of early stage diagnosis and treatment effectiveness monitoring in diabetes is currently one of the highest priorities in modern ...healthcare. The potential of combined measurements of skin fluorescence and blood perfusion by the laser Doppler flowmetry method in diagnostics of low limb diabetes complications was evaluated. Using Monte Carlo probabilistic modeling, the diagnostic volume and depth of the diagnosis were evaluated. The experimental study involved 76 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. These patients were divided into two groups depending on the degree of complications. The control group consisted of 48 healthy volunteers. The local thermal stimulation was selected as a stimulus on the blood microcirculation system. The experimental studies have shown that diabetic patients have elevated values of normalized fluorescence amplitudes, as well as a lower perfusion response to local heating. In the group of people with diabetes with trophic ulcers, these parameters also significantly differ from the control and diabetes only groups. Thus, the intensity of skin fluorescence and level of tissue blood perfusion can act as markers for various degrees of complications from the beginning of diabetes to the formation of trophic ulcers.
Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) is a method widely used in diagnosis of microcirculation diseases. It is well known that information about frequency distribution of Doppler spectrum of the laser ...radiation scattered by moving red blood cells (RBC) usually disappears after signal processing procedure. Photocurrent's spectrum distribution contains valuable diagnostic information about velocity distribution of the RBC. In this research it is proposed to compute the indexes of microcirculation in the sub-ranges of the Doppler spectrum as well as investigate the frequency distribution of the computed indexes.
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Based on published and original data, several morphofunctional systems were compared in the extant species of Diatomyidae and Ctenodactylidae, both families being considered as sister taxa. The ...subcutaneous and auricular muscles, otic capsule, jaw apparatus, and distal limbs were examined. These groups were shown to differ significantly in both the level and the direction of the morphofunctional transformations of the above systems. Ctenodactylids are a much more specialized group than
Laonastes
. They have an otic capsule, a jaw apparatus, and distal limb sections that reach the maximum level of morphological and functional specialization in the rodents, whereas in
Laonastes
, they correspond approximately to the average level of their development. Both groups are characterized by different pathways of morphological transformations of all systems considered, even those of them (jaw apparatus and limbs) that are associated with adaptations to similar ecological conditions, i.e., life on stones and herbivory. In
Laonastes
, the structure of the above systems retains archaic characteristics that are combined with features specific only to this group. In gundis, the direction of morphological transformations is completely specific with regard to some of the parameters, while in other respects it corresponds to the trends typical of hystricognathous rodents, this having led to a large number of structural parallelisms. In the structure of each morphological system examined, synapomorphies that support the monophyly of Ctenohystrica were revealed. There is no single-valued morphological evidence for the close relationship between Ctenodactylidae and
Laonastes
relative to Hystricognathi, although in the structure of almost all of the systems examined there are common features distinguishing these taxa from other rodents, in particular from Hystricognathi. Characters reflecting the pattern of differentiation of the subcutaneous muscle and the features of mastoid pneumatization can be regarded as the most significant for assessing the phylogenetic relationships of Diatomyidae, Ctenodactylidae, and Hystricognathi. However, for a more reliable assessment of the relationships based on morphological data, more extensive material is needed to cover the diversity of the structures considered in hystricognathous rodents.
The paper shows the possibility of assessing the functional state of microcirculatory-tissue systems of patients with diabetes mellitus by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), diffuse reflectance ...spectroscopy (DRS) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS) methods. A review of the existing non-invasive optical technologies used to assess the state of microcirculation and oxygen metabolism in tissues of patients with diabetes is conducted. A series of experimental studies involving 76 patients with diabetes and 46 healthy volunteers was carried out. A wavelet analysis of LDF-grams was used to evaluate the adaptive changes of microcirculation during the temperature tests. The obtained data revealed that the proposed methodology in the form of combined use of several diagnostic technologies (LDF, FS and DRS) allows us to detect the presence or absence of trophic disorders and to evaluate adaptation processes during thermal tests.
Here, we propose a novel approach to experimentally and theoretically study the properties of QCD matter under new extreme conditions, namely having an initial temperature over 300 MeV and baryonic ...charge density over three times the values of the normal nuclear density. According to contemporary theoretical knowledge, such conditions were not accessible during the early Universe evolution and are not accessible now in the known astrophysical phenomena. To achieve these new extreme conditions, we proposed performing high-luminosity experiments at LHC or other colliders by means of scattering the two colliding beams at the nuclei of a solid target that is fixed at their interaction region. Under plausible assumptions, we estimate the reaction rate for the p+C+p and Pb+Pb+Pb reactions and discuss the energy deposition into the target and possible types of fixed targets for such reactions. To simulate the triple nuclear collisions, we employed the well-known UrQMD 3.4 model for the beam center-of-mass collision energies sNN = 2.76 TeV. As a result of our modeling, we found that, in the most central and simultaneous triple nuclear collisions, the initial baryonic charge density is approximately three times higher than the one achieved in the ordinary binary nuclear collisions at this energy.
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