To test the hypo that an individual's memory of experiences or information to which he has been exposed is influenced by his conception of what will interest or please the audience to which he is to ...present his impressions, the following experiment was devised: 4 groups of S's were read a statement containing arguments for & against raising teachers' salaries. 2 groups had been told that they were to speak on the subject before a taxpayers' org presumably hostile to such increases; the other 2 groups had been told that they were to speak before a teachers' org presumed to be favorable. Of each pair of groups one was to speak in favor of raising teachers' salaries & one against such action. Thus there were 2 groups which expected to speak to a hostile audience & 2 to a friendly audience. These 4 groups were tested twice regarding their memory of the points included in the statement, once immediately after hearing it & the 2nd time 2 weeks later. Whereas there were no signif diff's in the performance of the 4 groups on the 1st occasion, the 2nd test showed a marked tendency in all the groups to remember a much larger number of the arguments pleasing to the group they expected to address. IPSA.
Note on "Criteria for Criteria" Bauer, Raymond A; Zimmerman, Claire
The American psychologist,
11/1961, Letnik:
16, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Comments on an article by Weitz , which reminded the current authors of a parallel insight of their own in connection with a problem of research design which was confronted several years ago. The ...current authors began to wonder what role might be played by the subjects' prior familiarity with the topic of the material to be remembered. They conclude that it is conceivable to have a body of data which could give contradictory answers to the question of whether prior familiarity facilitated or inhibited recall of controversial material, and the answer would be dependent on the breadth of the categories used to measure recall.
Human toxoplasmosis is an infection that has multiple sources: consumption of pork and lamb, water, and handling cat litter and garden soil. While some are, many are not related to livestock ...production methods. Therefore, there are weak market signals to farmers to change pig production systems, even when there are clear data indicating that pig confinement systems significantly lower the probability of pork being contaminated with the parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. We investigated cost differences for pig production systems. While confinement buildings are more expensive, these costs are offset by the greater feed and bedding costs in non-confinement production. There is a "slight cost advantage" of $0.31 per hundred weight for pigs produced in a confinement system.
