During 2005, several events took place on the external borders of the European Union that caught the attention of the media and brought management and control of these borders onto the EU political ...agenda. Having acknowledged that a global approach to migrations is required, the EU has stated the need for its immigration policy to possessa coherent external affairs dimension, and recognises that both the Mediterranean and Africa have become priority regions. In December 2005, and in the Conclusions of the Presidency of the Council of Brussels, the Union acknowledged the growing importance of the phenomenon of migration within its territory, and highlighted the need to find an approach that would signify, at the very minimum, increased dialogue and cooperation with the African nations and with all the countries within the Mediterranean space. To this end,the Euro-African Conference on Migrations and Development, held in Rabat in 2006, was the first and the most visible gesture toward a consolidation of the acknowledgment that the management of migration flows requires the participation of the countries of origin, transitand destination; that is to say, the countries of Europe, North Africa and the sub-Saharan region. The aim of this article is to reflect on the role that Spain has played in the political organisation of the Euro-African migrations scenario.
Carex hartmann Caj. est une espèce de laîche très rare en France et considérée comme disparue de Rhône-Alpes. Historiquement confondu avec Carex buxbaumii Wahl., ce taxon s'avère encore délicat à ...identifier. Après de nombreuses prospections, il a été découvert dans la plaine du Forez (Loire) et sur le plateau annonéen (Ardèche). Carex hartmanii Caj. se rencontre dans les prairies humides acidiclines de basse altitude. Ce type de milieu est aujourd'hui fortement menacé et il est représentatif des modifications des pratiques agricoles modernes et de l'urbanisation.
Carex hartmanii Cajander in Rhône-Alpes.
Carex hartmanii Caj. is a species of sedge which is extremely rare in France and considered extinct in the Rhône-Alpes region. It was taken, in the past, for Carex buxbaumii Wahl. and is tricky to identify, even today. After much prospecting, the taxon was discovered on the Forez plain (Loire department) and the plateau of Annonay (Ardèche department). Carex hartmanii Caj. is found in low-altitude, slightly acidic damp meadows. This type of environment is under great threat today -a reflection of the changes in modern farming practices and urbanisation.
Provider: - Institution: Internet Culturale / Biblioteca Nazionale Braidense - Milano - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Originale ; mascheratura, vernice ; ritratto ; annotazioni: 41454; ...11592 cancellato- Storia del documento. Inserito dal Sommariva nel Contenitore SOM 2636. Annotazioni originarie: Proveniente dal pacco 1177. A matita sul recto del coperchio a destra: Rampi - Cajo/ Castelbarco; a matita rossa a sinistra cancellato: 6/ Locomotori. A matita sul verso del coperchio a sinistra: 41451/56. A matita sul recto del coperchio a destra: Mosters/ Richetti. A matita sul verso del coperchio a destra: 40468/81.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: Internet Culturale / Biblioteca Nazionale Braidense - Milano - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Originale ; mascheratura, vernice ; ritratto ; annotazioni: 41454; ...11592 cancellato- Storia del documento. Inserito dal Sommariva nel Contenitore SOM 2636. Annotazioni originarie: Proveniente dal pacco 1177. A matita sul recto del coperchio a destra: Rampi - Cajo/ Castelbarco; a matita rossa a sinistra cancellato: 6/ Locomotori. A matita sul verso del coperchio a sinistra: 41451/56. A matita sul recto del coperchio a destra: Mosters/ Richetti. A matita sul verso del coperchio a destra: 40468/81.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
L'arrêt de développement hivernal de Arctia caja est induit par l'action de durées d'éclairement courtes (inférieures à 12 h) et de températures relativement basses (égales ou inférieures à 21°C en ...conditions constantes).
Dans les conditions de températures contrôlées (entre 21° et 15°), le temps qui sépare le début de l'élevage de l'arrêt de développement est sensiblement constant (40 jours environ). De même, la durée de l'arrêt de développement varie peu en fonction de la température (65 à 80 jours). Passé ce délai, la reprise de développement peut s'effectuer dans les conditions qui ont induit son arrêt. Toutefois, la reprise est hétérogène et l'on observe une forte mortalité. Par contre, l'action d'une photopériode longue permet une reprise du développement homogène avec une très faible mortalité.
Pour les insectes exposés sous abri insectarium, la reprise de développement peut être obtenue, quelle que soit la date, en transférant les larves sous une photophase longue (température ≥ 11° C). Trois à quatre mois après le début de l'élevage sous insectarium, l'arrêt de développement est terminé, alors que l'hivernation n'est que très partiellement réalisée. L'espèce ne peut pas hiverner au stade nymphal. La reprise du développement au printemps est synchronisée par l'action conjuguée de la température et de la photopériode. Cette dernière joue cependant un rôle prépondérant dans la vitesse et l'homogénéité de la reprise du développement.
The winter developmental arrest of Arctia caja is induced by short day-lengths (< 12 h), and by comparatively low temperatures (≤ 21° C, under constant conditions).
When temperatures are monitored (ranging from 21° to 15°C), the number of days between the beginning of the rearing and the developmental arrest is almost constant (ca. 40 days). Likewise, the length of the developmental arrest does not show great variation (65 to 80 days). Beyond that time, the re-starting of development is possible under the conditions that induced it. However, the re-starting of development is heterogenous, and a high mortality is observed. On the contrary, a long day-length photoperiod allows a homogenous re-starting of development and a very low mortality rate.
For the insects placed in a sheltered insectarium, the re-starting of development can be obtained, at any date, by the transfer of larvae under a long photophase. Three to four months after the beginning of the rearing under natural conditions, the developmental arrest is completed; an important part of the overwintering is therefore achieved, while the developmental arrest has stopped. The species cannot overwinter at the pupal stage. The starting again of development in spring is synchronized by 2 associated factors, temperature and photoperiod. The latter, however, plays a leading part in the rapidity and homogeneity of the re-starting of development.
Ce travail précise le cycle évolutif en France de A. caja et de quatre autres espèces de Lépidoptères Arctiidae avec des données obtenues par l'analyse des captures au piège lumineux et des ...observations sur le développement larvaire.
A. caja présente en général deux périodes de vol (mai-juin et août-septembre). Les chenilles hivernent à différents stades. L'espèce peut être monovoltine dans des zones géographiques où l'hiver est long et froid. Dans le sud de la France, A. villica est une espèce monovoltine qui hiverne à l'état de chenilles; P. fuliginosa montre trois périodes de vol et survit à l'hiver au stade larvaire ; S. lubricipeda et S. luteum ont deux vols annuels, avec une partie de la population susceptible de présenter un vol unique, toutes les deux hivernant à l'état de chrysalides en diapause.
This study gives details on the life cycle in France of A. caja and four other species of Arctiidae Lepidoptera. The data were obtained from both captures in light traps and laboratory observations on larval development.
A. caja generally shows 2 flights a year (may-june and august-september). The larval diapause occurs in winter at different stages. The species can be monovoltine in geographical zones where winter is long and cold. In southern France, A. villica is a monovoltine species with a larval diapause; P. fuliginosa shows 3 flights a year and outlive winter at larval stage; S. lubricipeda and S. luteum have 2 annual flights, though the population can partly show a unique flight. They both show a winter nymphal diapause.
Sugar-beet seed production from cellular-tray transplants in glasshouse Montanari, M; Lovato, A. (Bologna Univ. (Italy). Istituto di Agronomia Generale e Coltivazioni Erbacee); Tisselli, V. (Ente per la Ricerca, la Sperimentazione, la Divulgazione in Ortofrutticoltura, Floricoltura e Sementi (ERSO), Cesena (Italy))
Sementi Elette (Italy),
(May-Aug 1992), Letnik:
38, Številka:
3-4
Journal Article
Four-to-six leaf stage plantlets grown in expaned polystyrene cellular trays were vernalized for 60 days in cold (2 degree C to 8 degree C) glasshouse or in the open (-2 degree C to 10 degree C) and ...then transplanted in field together with traditional stecklings (control). Bolting, seed yield and size were markedly lower in crop from plantlets than control. Experimental data showed the importance of an advanced development stage of plantlets before vernalization in flower induction and seed yield
Piantine da quattro a tre foglie cresciute in vaschette a celle di polistirene espanso sono state vernalizzate per 60 giorni in serra (da 2 gradi C a 8 gradi C) o all'aperto (da -2 gradi C a 10 gradi C) e poi trapiantate in campo con controllo tradizionale. Le setacciature, la resa e la dimensione di seme sono state notevolmente piu' basse nel raccolto delle piantine che del controllo. I dati sperimentali hanno mostrato l'importanza di uno stadio a sviluppo avanzato delle piantine prima della vernalizzazione nella produzione di fiori e nella resa di semi
The results of a two-year study to test innovative seed-beet management techniques by transplanting to field glasshouse-grown and vernalized plantlets are reported and discussed. Plantlets sown on ...two dates (1 September and 1 October) in polystirene cellular trays, paper-pots or in nursery-benches were grown in glasshouse at temperatures never lower than 10 deg C until 20 January, then vernalized for 50-60 days at temperatures more or equal to 10 deg C, more or equal to 4 deg C or 5 deg C (constant) and transplanted to field together with field nursed stecklings (control) at 75 cm x 50 cm spacing. Plantlet size and vernalization treatments noticeably affected flowering and seed yield. The smallest plantlets, i.e. those from cellular trays of the second sowing date, evinced satisfactory results only if vernalized at constant 5 deg C. The bigger plantlets, i.e. those from paper-pot or glasshouse nursery, exhibited flowering and seed yield comparable to those of control even after less severe vernalization treatments (T deg more or equal to 4 deg C or T deg more or equal to 10 deg C, respectively)
Vengono riferiti e discussi i risultati di uno studio effettuato in due anni per testare le tecniche innovative di gestione della barbabietola tramite trapianto di piantine cresciute in serra e vernalizzate. Le piantine, seminate in due momenti (1 settembre e 1 ottobre) in supporti cellulari di polistirene, vasi di carta o bancali all'interno della serra, venivano allevate in serra a temperature mai inferiori a 10 gradi C fino al 20 gennaio, poi vernalizzate per 50-60 giorni a temperature maggiori o uguali a 10 gradi C, maggiori o uguali a 4 gradi C o 5 gradi C (costanti) e trapiantate in campo insieme a piantine coltivate in campo (controllo) con una spaziatura di 75 cm x 50 cm. Le dimensioni delle piantine e il trattamento di vernalizzazione hanno notevolmente influito sulla fioritura e sulla produzione di semi. Le piantine piu' piccole, per esempio quelle dei supporti cellulari della seconda semina, hanno fornito risultati soddisfacenti solo se vernalizzate alla temperatura costante di 5 gradi C. Le piantine piu' grandi, per esempio quelle dei vasi di carta o dei supporti delle serre, hanno mostrato fioriture e rendimento dei semi paragonabili a quelle dei controlli anche dopo trattamenti di vernalizzazione meno severi (T rispettivamente maggiore o uguale a 4 gradi C o maggiore o uguale a 10 gradi C)
Coconut hybrid seed production : Dwarf x Tall hybrid seeds. III. Seeds Wuidart, W. (Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement, Paris (France). CP, Departement des Cultures Perennes. Direction Programme Cocotier); Rognon, F
Oleagineux (France),
(1993), Letnik:
48, Številka:
1
Publication
Ce conseil, suite des conseils n. 326 et n. 330 expose, en particulier, la gestion des semences hybrides en germoirs et pepinieres ainsi que les principaux criteres de qualite : germination, ...legitimite, etat sanitaire, taille des noix
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