U ovom radu predstavljena je keramička figurica iz srednjeg neolitika pronađena u špilji Pupićina peć u sjeveroistočnoj Istri. Figurica je najvjerojatnije antropomorfna, a sačuvane su samo noge i ...donji dio trupa. Ovo je jedina do sada objavljena neolitička figurica iz Istre i jedna od malobrojnih s hrvatske obale i zaleđa koje su ovdje također detaljnije opisane. Najbliže tipološke paralele za figuricu iz Pupićine peći mogu se pronaći u Bugarskoj, u obliku kamenih figurica/privjesaka M-formi, te u obliku figurica žena/žaba iz Grčke, Makedonije i Turske. Na kraju se diskutira o funkciju i značenju figurica općenito, te su navedene neke spekulacije o značenju figurice iz Pupićine peći.
Mala jama na Tornju nalazi se u općini Zažablje na predjelu sela Vidonje kod zaseoka Goračići. Ulaz u jamu je na padinama brda Toranj, odnosno obroncima Male Žabe, planine koja se proteže kroz ...Hrvatsku istočno od Metkovića te nastavlja na Veliku Žabu sve do Hutova u Hercegovini sjeverno od Neuma. Speleološka istraživanja jame provedena su u nekoliko navrata od 2019. do 2023. godine. Prema morfologiji Mala jama na Tornju može se svrstati u koljenaste speleološke objekte. Istražena je do 225 m dubine, čime je postala najdublja poznata jama u dolini Neretve. U cijelom donjem dijelu jame izraženo je djelovanje vode, kao i na samom dnu. Jamu karakterizira velika kršljivost pa je prilikom kretanja potreban izniman oprez.
Osim speleološki, jama je u više navrata istraživana i biospeleološki. U jami je zabilježena i raznolika fauna podzemnih bezkralješnjaka. Od vodenih životinja pronađeno je nekoliko primjerka rakušaca roda Niphargus. Od kopnenih jednakonožnih rakova zabilježen je rod Alpioniscus. U srednjem dijelu nađen je pauk iz porodice Dysderidae. Na tlu ulaznog dijela jame uz guano, pronađeni su brojni skokuni (Colembolla) kao i špiljski trčci vrste Neotrechus dalmatinus, a u dubljem dijelu jame na sigama, kornjaši roda Graciliella. U većem dijelu jame obitavaju i špiljski konjici vrste Dolicopoda araneiformis.
Mala jama na Tornju uvrštena je i na popis međunarodno važnih skloništa za šišmiše (UNEP/EUROBATS). Naime, u jami su zabilježene sve četiri vrste potkovnjaka (Rhinolophus blasii, R. euryale, R. ferrumequinum i R. hipposideros) u Hrvatskoj. Najveći broj šišmiša zabilježen je u razdoblju jesenskih migracija kada u jami boravi par stotina jedinki vrsta Rhinolophus blasii i R. euryale.
U četvrtom dijelu ovog rada kao božanstva, mitska bića ili čudovišta opisane su životinje: slon, svinja, škorpion, tigar, vidra, vjeverica, vuk, zec, zmija i žaba. Od svih prikazanih životinja u ovom ...radu najčešće je štovana zmija, bilo da je prikazivana u izvornom obliku bilo s dijelovima ljudskog i životinjskog tijela različitih životinja (hibrid). Osim zmije u starim su civilizacijama ljudi najčešće štovali slona, tigra i vuka. Životinje su prema svojim odlikama u različitim civilizacijama bile simbol snage (slon), prosperiteta, sreće, hrabrosti, blagostanja, strasti, naivnosti i prljavštine (svinja), hrabrosti i apsolutne moći (tigar), ženske energije (vidra), ravnoteže rada i igre (vjeverica), odmetnika, bjegunca i pohlepe (vuk), ponovnog rađanja i izvor života (zec), znanstvene tajne i plodnosti (zmija) te plodnosti (žaba).
Resumo O método Zaba era uma variação do que ficou conhecido, no Ocidente do século XIX, como método mnemônico polonês para o ensino de História Universal, desenvolvido por Antoni Jazwinski nos anos ...1820 e modificado por Jozef Bem nos anos 1830. A partir dos anos 1840, outro polonês, Napoleão Félix Zaba, desenvolveu uma versão própria do método e, nas quatro décadas seguintes, deu conferências sobre ele em vários países, inclusive o Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a recepção do método Zaba durante a passagem do seu divulgador pela Bahia, em meados de 1871, quando suas palestras foram assistidas pelo alto escalão da instrução pública da província, por normalistas e professores primários, ensejando tentativas de adaptação e implementação do método à História do Brasil. Buscaremos entender como os dirigentes perceberam a eficácia do método para o ensino de História na Bahia e como professores e normalistas mobilizaram seus conhecimentos e esforços para adaptá-lo ao conteúdo das classes primárias.
In tsetse-infested areas of Ethiopia, African Animal Trypanosomiasis is the most serious threat to livestock productivity. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to September 2021 in the ...Zaba Gazo district to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine trypanosomiasis through parasitological and hematological techniques. In the current study, the overall prevalence of trypanosomiasis was found to be 21%. Among anticipated risk factors, the origin of animals has shown a statistically significant association (p < 0.05) with the occurrence of bovine trypanosomiasis. Other potential risk factors, such as sex, age, BCS, coat color, and agroecology, were not shown to have a statistically significant relationship (p > 0.05) with trypanosomiasis. The overall mean PCV values for parasitaemic and aparasitaemic cattle were 23.24 ± 3.04SD and 27.37 ± 4.18SD, respectively, thus it was lower in parasitaemic animals than the aparasitaemic animals. A high prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in the study area necessitates an integrated parasite and vector control approach to curve the prevalence and effect of the disease.
•Many cattle, about 300 of both sex, different body condition and age group found in the study area were sampled randomly.•In the study, high percent of cattle were positive for bovine trypanosomiasis showing its high prevalence.•The village were the animal found has a role in the village related variation of the trypanosome infection rate.
Zbyněk Žába a Národní muzeum Pavel Onderka; Radek Podhorný
Pražské egyptologické studie,
06/2017
18
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Zbyněk Žába largely contributed to the popularization of history and culture of ancient Egypt in Czechoslovakia through his frequent cooperation with the National Museum. He helped to organize a ...number of exhibitions. He determined and published several objects from the museum’s collections in catalogues, as well as scholarly and popular journals. The National Museum also received a share of finds from the excavations of the Czechoslovak Institute of Egyptology in Abusir and Nubia directed by Zbyněk Žába. After Žába’s death, his private collection of Egyptian antiquities was sold to the museum.
In April 1919, František Lexa, at that time a grammar school teacher of mathematics, physics and philosophy, started to lecture on Egyptology at the Czech Faculty of Arts of Charles University. Only ...three years later, he became Associate Professor of Egyptology at the faculty. As the only Egyptologist at the faculty (it was not until 1930 that his former pupil, Jaroslav Černý, started to read some lectures alongside him as a private senior lecturer), Lexa addressed a broad range of themes during his lectures. For several years in the mid-1930s, he was the only professor of Egyptology in Europe who taught Demotic studies. After the outbreak of World War II, when the Czech universities were closed by the Nazi regime, Lexa retired, to be reactivated immediately after the war’s end. Jaroslav Černý joined him again for a while until he left for England in 1946. Their pupil, Zbyněk Žába (who graduated in Egyptology in 1949), followed Lexa as Professor of Egyptology at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University since 1959. The number of students was strictly limited during the Communist regime – only five of them (Miroslav Verner and Jaromír Málek among them) graduated between 1960 and 1990. Following Zbyněk Žába’s death in 1971, moreover, the study of Egyptology itself was almost cancelled at the faculty due to the tightening political situation. Since 1989, Egyptology is regularly taught at the Faculty of Arts, and the number of students has increased rapidly. At the same time, the lectures are read by a much greater number of specialists, including visiting professors from abroad.
Sagan-Zaba II, a habitation site on the shore of Siberia's Lake Baikal, contains a record of seal hunting that spans much of the Holocene, making it one of the longest histories of seal use in North ...Asia. Zooarchaeological analyses of the 16,000 Baikal seal remains from this well-dated site clearly show that sealing began here at least 9000 calendar years ago. The use of these animals at Sagan-Zaba appears to have peaked in the Middle Holocene, when foragers used the site as a spring hunting and processing location for yearling and juvenile seals taken on the lake ice. After 4800 years ago, seal use declined at the site, while the relative importance of ungulate hunting and fishing increased. Pastoralists began occupying Sagan-Zaba at some point during the Late Holocene, and these groups too utilized the lake's seals. Domesticated animals are increasingly common after about 2000 years ago, a pattern seen elsewhere in the region, but spring and some summer hunting of seals was still occurring. This use of seals by prehistoric herders mirrors patterns of seal use among the region's historic and modern groups. Overall, the data presented in the paper demonstrate that Lake Baikal witnessed thousands of years of human use of aquatic resources.
Lake Baikal in Eastern Siberia is one of the largest and deepest freshwater lakes in the world, and its diverse fauna were extensively utilized by local human populations over many millennia. The ...regional culture history models primarily are based on radiocarbon dates on human skeletal remains, and in some cases, also on dates on sediments from habitation sites. Analyses of a set of 113 radiocarbon dates from the Sagan-Zaba Holocene hunter-gatherer and pastoralist habitation site (52.6825° N, 106.4760° E) on the western coast of Lake Baikal demonstrates two critical problems in the dating of these sets of materials. First, comparison of AMS radiocarbon dates on terrestrial mammal and Baikal seal bones from Sagan-Zaba reveals the existence of a freshwater radiocarbon offset in the seal remains of at least 700 radiocarbon years. Radiocarbon dates on skeletal remains from humans who consumed the aquatic fauna also should be expected to carry an old carbon offset. Second, comparison of radiocarbon dates made on sediment samples with those made on terrestrial mammal bones demonstrates major inconsistencies. The primary problem with these samples is that the carbon being dated in them is of unclear relationship to human activities of interest at the site. Therefore, the still common practice in this region of radiocarbon dating sediments to establish archaeological chronologies should be abandoned. The AMS radiocarbon dating of bone from species which clearly fed outside of Lake Baikal's aquatic environments should provide more reliable age estimates for human activities at archaeological sites.
This paper reports the results of thermodynamic modeling of the formation of the Birkhin volcanoplutonic association by means of geochemical thermometry. The obtained liquid line of descent for the ...magma chamber of the Birkhin Massif indicates that the melt evolved into the field of subalkaline composition. The melts of the volcanics of the Tsagan-Zaba complex are identical to the melts in the magma chamber in both major components and REEs. It was concluded that the Birkhin and Tsagan-Zaba complexes are comagmatic. A scenario was proposed for the development of the Birkhin volcanoplutonic association involving multiple eruptions of volcanic rocks during its formation. It was shown that the intermediate rocks are not derivatives of basic magmas, but were produced by interaction of basic volcanic rocks with felsic intrusions cutting them.
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