O objetivo do presente estudo é determinar qual esfera de governo - federal, estadual ou municipal - apresentou maior capacidade de influenciar o crescimento econômico brasileiro com seus gastos no ...período de 1948 a 1998. Pretende-se também determinar qual categoria de gasto é mais produtiva (CST - Consumo, subsídios e transferências ou IGT - Investimentos totais do governo). Tais objetivos são atingidos com a utilização do modelo de Feder (1983), que desagrega a economia em dois setores. Os resultados indicam que o investimento é o gasto mais relevante e a esfera estadual a que apresenta maior capacidade de impulsionar o crescimento econômico.
Measuring Labor's Share Krueger, Alan B.
The American economic review,
05/1999, Letnik:
89, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Labor's share of national income has been the topic of enduring interest to economists. Both neoclassical and Marxian theories of income distribution focus on labor's share. And the empirical ...determination of factor shares was the proximate cause for the founding of the National Bureau of Economic Research. Issues are considered that arise in measuring the fraction of national income accruing to labor and provides alternative concepts and data to the standard Bureau of Economic Analysis series. It is suggested that there would be value from improving the measurement of labor's share, and from devising alternative categories for functional shares.
The privatization of state transport operators has been driven by empirical discoveries in transport economic research of the constant or even diseconomies of scale of these operators. With reference ...to public records and official statistics, this paper is an initial attempt to examine the scale economies of and output relationship between major bus and ferry operators in Hong Kong during the period 1948–1998. The two franchised bus and two franchised ferry companies each experienced unique scale effects during different periods and correlated with each other in terms of production. The paper will also discuss the possible reasons for this phenomenon and policy concerns related to this finding.
This book provides detailed independent analyses of the successes and limitations of one of the most successful economic relationships in recent history: the Deutsche Mark and the Deutsche ...Bundesbank. With European economic and monetary union approaching, the lessons to be learnt from the German experience are now more important than ever. The Deutsche Mark has been one of the most stable currencies in the world for decades. The combination of a sound monetary structure and an anti-inflationary monetary policy have been the bedrock for unprecedented German economic success. This success, however, has not been unlimited or without risk. Fifty Years of the Deutsche Mark will give future European montary policy-makers the invaluable benefit of the German experience. The book combines chronological articles with others which follow the developments of a specific issue over the entire 50-year period. Issues covered include the central bank constitution, the central bank's relationship with fiscal policy-makers and with other banks, the role of the Bundesbank in European monetary integration, and the international significance of the Deutsche Mark. Individual accounts of the key monetary policy events in 1948 and 1990 as well as general articles on the `message' of German monetary policy and on academic deabte over German monetary policy round the book off. Sixteen eminent independent scholars were asked by the Bundesbank to contribute to this volume, and given full access to the Bank's records. The resulting articles provide comprehensive analysis of the successes and limitations of Europe's most powerful central bank. On June 20th, 1998, the Deutsche Mark will be 50 years old: this book will ensure that its legacy lives on.
This study investigates whether the Feldstein and Horioka Econ. J. 90 (1980) 314. argument on domestic saving–investment relationship may remain as a “puzzle” when an endogenous structural break ...corresponding to a major policy regime change is taken into account. To this end, we employ not only the conventional procedures developed for a data generation process without a break, but also some recent methods which allow stationarity around an endogenous break under the alternative hypothesis. The evidence based on the UK annual data from 1948 to 1998 suggests that the long-run relationship between saving and investment disappears after the estimated endogenous structural break point coinciding with the abolition of foreign exchange controls in 1979.
Adopting homothetic variable returns to scale functional specifications, this study identifies the returns to scale in the aggregate production functions of four East Asian newly industrialized ...economies-Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan and the Group of Five economies based on a maximum likelihood estimation. The study finds evidence of increasing returns in the early developmental stage of the East Asian economies. Separating out the scale contribution from the non-scale factor contributions, the decomposition of the sources of East Asian economic growth differs significantly from the conventional constant returns to scale results, indicating that the role of technical progress is overestimated when constant returns to scale is assumed.
The paper develops the argument that the long-term structural evolution of an industry depends on the evolution of a vertically-related, downstream industry. We analyse two pairs of ...vertically-related industries, the jet and turboprop aircraft and engine industries, since the first introduction of the jet and turboprop technologies to 1998. The paper shows that the evolutionary dynamics of the downstream industry, in terms of number of firms and products, entry, exit and concentration, is transmitted to the upstream industry via the structure of the
network of vertical exchange relations. We identify two network configurations,
partitioned and hierarchical, and show that they are responsible for sharply different transmission effects. An econometric analysis is carried out to demonstrate this difference in the turboprop and jet markets.
Oliver recalls his experience with a poet, Vicki Viidikas. He shares the legacy that Vicki left behind in the world of poetry, as she died with crosscurrents of pleading for acceptance, guilt, and ...anger at rejection. He notes that Vicki was by birth a genuine talent, and without doubt would have become one of the finest poets to emerge from the '60s youth culture here in Australia. Her prodigious output was, nevertheless, largely undisciplined but undeniably original. She had a true honesty that few of her peer-group possessed, for she carried something broad and antique in a vision uniquely hers.
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