In the immediate aftermath of World War II, millions of German expellees were resettled into the new borders of Germany, but not into the parts of Germany that were occupied by France. Using a ...spatial regression discontinuity framework, I estimate the persistence of the population shock over a 20-year-period. Between 1945 and 1950, the inflow of people increased the population in municipalities where expellees could settle by 21.6 percent. The difference in population levels is highly persistent and remained 17.8 percent in 1970. The results suggest that population patterns in the region that I study were not determined by locational fundamentals.
We investigate whether properties in mixed-use developments have overall better financial performance than single-use properties. We select four cases that represent recent mixed-use developments in ...the United States, and compare key financial indicators for properties within and outside a half-mile radius from the project boundaries. Using data from the National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries, our panel regression analysis shows that office and retail properties within the mixed-use geographies have 37% and 48% higher market values respectively than those outside. Total returns are also higher for office (67%) and retail (63%) within the radius. By contrast, we find no clear return premium for being located close to the mixed-use geographies for apartments. Our findings are mixed and probably support the developer and financier biases against the complexity of engaging in mixed-use projects.
Throughout the 1950s, a coalition of developers, politicians, and planners bulldozed vast areas of land deemed "slums" or "blighted" to make way for freeways, public and private housing projects, ...cultural centers, and skyscrapers. While the program was national, New York was ground zero, and the demolition and monumental reconstruction of the city created a distinctive urban sensorium, rooted in the new segregated landscapes of prosperous white private space and poor black public space. Novel Shocks situates these landscapes at the center of the midcentury novel, arguing that James Baldwin, Ralph Ellison, Patricia Highsmith, Ayn Rand, William Burroughs, Sylvia Plath, and Warren Miller all registered these new urban spaces as traumatic "shocks" that required new aesthetic forms. Rejecting older shock-based modernisms, these novelists forged a new modernism, which reimagined shock as a therapeutic force that would create a more flexible, self-reliant, and resilient subject that would nourish neoliberalism's roots. In offering a cultural prehistory of neoliberalism, Novel Shocks resituates the Cold War novel as a key archive for understanding neoliberalism's emergence and offers a more materialist and historically grounded account of neoliberalism's subjective, affective, and ideological structures.
Between 1950 and 1970, the ownership of some of the largest business conglomerates in India changed from British to Indian hands. Almost without exception, the firms formerly under the management of ...British conglomerates saw bankruptcy, nationalization, relative decline in corporate ranking, and on rare occasions, reinvention of identity. In Indian business history scholarship, this episode is underresearched, even though hypotheses on the transfer-cum-decline exist. Combining a new source, legal documents, with conventional ones, this article revisits the episode and suggests revisions to current hypotheses.
Beat Literature in Europe offers in-depth analyses of how European authors and intellectuals working in different kind of political contexts read, translated and appropriated American Beat literature ...from the late 1950s to the present.
Women and Mass Consumer Society in Postwar France examines the emergence of a citizen consumer role for women during postwar modernization and reconstruction in France, integrating the history of ...economic modernization with that of women and the family. This role both celebrated the power of the woman consumer and created a gendered form of citizenship that did not disrupt the sexual hierarchy of home, polity and marketplace. Redefining needs and renegotiating concepts of taste, value and thrift, women and their families drove mass consumer society through their demands and purchases at the same time that their very need to consume came to define them.
This article examines the impact of structural changes in the postwar film industry on the activities and effectiveness of the foreign distribution subsidiaries of American firms. As these ...subsidiaries saw their regular supply of films from their in-house Hollywood studios decline, they sought out alternative sources of product content, often from local markets. Unable to rely on the traditional “ownership” advantages bestowed on them by their parent firms, these subsidiaries increasingly needed to integrate into local networks and forge closer relationships with local producers and exhibitors. Our focus is on Italy, one of the most important film markets for US companies in the 1960s. We collect data on the box office revenues and screen time allocated to every film released into the first-run cinema market and compare the effectiveness of American versus Italian distributors in maximizing the exposure of their most popular films. We explore the attempts by US firms to form partnerships with Italian distributors and producers. Finally, we examine available archival records to reveal the detailed activities of US distribution offices in Italy and their attempts to integrate into local business networks. We conclude that while US subsidiaries did not fully succeed in becoming “insiders” within the Italian film industry in this period, they did actively work toward such an objective.
This book focuses on sex and sexuality in post-war novels from the Anglophone Caribbean. Countering the critical orthodoxy that literature from this period dealt with sex only tangentially, ...implicitly transmitting sexist or homophobic messages, the author instead highlights the range and diversity in its representations of sexual life. She draws on gender and sexuality studies, postcolonial theory and cultural history to provide new readings of seminal figures like Samuel Selvon and George Lamming whilst also calling attention to the work of innovative, lesser-studied authors such as Andrew Salkey, Oscar Dathorne and Rosa Guy.
Offering a coherent and expansive overview of how post-war Caribbean novelists have treated the persistently controversial topic of sex, this book addresses one of the blind spots in Caribbean literary criticism. It mines a range of little-studied archival materials and texts to argue that fiction of the post-war era exhibits both continuities with the sexual emphases of earlier writing and connections to later trends. The author also presents nationalist ideology as central to the literature of this era. It is in the fictional rendering of sexuality that the contradictions of the nationalist project are most apparent; sex both exceeds and threatens the imagined unity on which the political vision depends.
Kate Houlden is a Lecturer in English Literature and Cultural History at Liverpool John Moores University, UK. Her research interests include Caribbean literature, postcolonial literature, contemporary fiction, feminism, queer theory, gender and sexuality studies.
Introduction: Revisions 1. Transgressive Desires 2. Plantation Fantasies 3. The Black Stud 4. Male Same-Sex Desire 5. Female Same-Sex Desire 6. Anancy and Caribbean Fantasy Epilogue: Connections
Leading theorists of the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm have argued that corporate reputation is an intangible resource for organizations. Despite this, there remains precious little research ...that documents how organizations manage their corporate reputations. This article presents a case study of Australia's most successful charity, The Salvation Army, and asks how it maintained an exemplary reputation despite allegations of sexual, mental, and physical abuse from children in its care during the period from the 1950s to 1970s? A strategy of narrative deconstruction is employed to make the argument that there are powerful underlying themes in The Salvation Army's narrative that protect the organization from reputational attack. It is argued that this narrative approach opens a new avenue for studying and understanding corporate reputations. A model of reputation management in The Salvation Army is developed from this analysis.
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