Front page economics Suttles, Gerald D; Jacobs, Mark D
2010., 2011, 20100101
eBook
In an age when pundits constantly decry overt political bias in the media, we have naturally become skeptical of the news. But the bluntness of such critiques masks the highly sophisticated ways in ...which the media frame important stories. In Front Page Economics, Gerald Suttles delves deep into the archives to examine coverage of two major economic crashes—in 1929 and 1987—in order to systematically break down the way newspapers normalize crises.Poring over the articles generated by the crashes—as well as the people in them, the writers who wrote them, and the cartoons that ran alongside them—Suttles uncovers dramatic changes between the ways the first and second crashes were reported. In the intervening half-century, an entire new economic language had arisen and the practice of business journalism had been completely altered. Both of these transformations, Suttles demonstrates, allowed journalists to describe the 1987 crash in a vocabulary that was normal and familiar to readers, rendering it routine.A subtle and probing look at how ideologies are packaged and transmitted to the casual newspaper reader, Front Page Economics brims with important insights that shed light on our own economically tumultuous times.
A fascinating, first-hand account of the bureaucratic and public struggles that lead to the Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty, Glitman focuses on debates among American negotiators and between ...them and the Europeans and Soviets. This is an important look at policy making and negotiations all the more relevant in an age of proliferation.
Roadmap of optical communications Agrell, Erik; Karlsson, Magnus; Chraplyvy, A R ...
Journal of optics (2010),
06/2016, Letnik:
18, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Lightwave communications is a necessity for the information age. Optical links provide enormous bandwidth, and the optical fiber is the only medium that can meet the modern society's needs for ...transporting massive amounts of data over long distances. Applications range from global high-capacity networks, which constitute the backbone of the internet, to the massively parallel interconnects that provide data connectivity inside datacenters and supercomputers. Optical communications is a diverse and rapidly changing field, where experts in photonics, communications, electronics, and signal processing work side by side to meet the ever-increasing demands for higher capacity, lower cost, and lower energy consumption, while adapting the system design to novel services and technologies. Due to the interdisciplinary nature of this rich research field, Journal of Optics has invited 16 researchers, each a world-leading expert in their respective subfields, to contribute a section to this invited review article, summarizing their views on state-of-the-art and future developments in optical communications.
Abstract
The midcycle surge of LH sets in motion interconnected networks of signaling cascades to bring about rupture of the follicle and release of the oocyte during ovulation. Many mediators of ...these LH-induced signaling cascades are associated with inflammation, leading to the postulate that ovulation is similar to an inflammatory response. First responders to the LH surge are granulosa and theca cells, which produce steroids, prostaglandins, chemokines, and cytokines, which are also mediators of inflammatory processes. These mediators, in turn, activate both nonimmune ovarian cells as well as resident immune cells within the ovary; additional immune cells are also attracted to the ovary. Collectively, these cells regulate proteolytic pathways to reorganize the follicular stroma, disrupt the granulosa cell basal lamina, and facilitate invasion of vascular endothelial cells. LH-induced mediators initiate cumulus expansion and cumulus oocyte complex detachment, whereas the follicular apex undergoes extensive extracellular matrix remodeling and a loss of the surface epithelium. The remainder of the follicle undergoes rapid angiogenesis and functional differentiation of granulosa and theca cells. Ultimately, these functional and structural changes culminate in follicular rupture and oocyte release. Throughout the ovulatory process, the importance of inflammatory responses is highlighted by the commonalities and similarities between many of these events associated with ovulation and inflammation. However, ovulation includes processes that are distinct from inflammation, such as regulation of steroid action, oocyte maturation, and the eventual release of the oocyte. This review focuses on the commonalities between inflammatory responses and the process of ovulation.
Intersecting orthogonal strike‐slip faults with opposite senses of slip pose the question of what allows rupture to propagate through the junction and through both faults versus confining rupture to ...a single fault. I conduct dynamic rupture simulations on simplified orthogonal strike‐slip fault systems, to determine which conditions produce rupture on both component faults. In models with uniform initial tractions on both faults, slip on the first fault must reduce normal stress on the second fault for it to rupture. If the first fault ends at the cross fault, a stopping phase causes the cross fault to rupture. In models where I resolve a uniform regional stress field on the faults, only a narrow range of stress orientations allow multifault ruptures. These results will be helpful for evaluating hazard near orthogonal strike‐slip faults.
Plain Language Summary
There are many examples around the world where two strike‐slip earthquake faults cross each other at nearly 90° angles. This is not remarkable when only one of the faults in a pair causes an earthquake, but it becomes notable when two or more crossing faults move at the same time. This raises the question of what causes the second fault to get involved, or not. To address this question, I use computer simulations of the physics of the earthquake process to test dozens of different fault configurations and earthquake starting points. I find that the location where the earthquake starts on the first fault controls whether the second fault is made stronger versus weaker, and therefore whether both faults can move together in one earthquake. These results can help us understand earthquake hazard around crossing faults.
Key Points
Nucleation location effectively controls whether multifault rupture occurs on orthogonal strike‐slip fault systems
A stopping phase from rupture reaching the end of one fault is often required to initiate rupture on the cross fault
Only a narrow range of regional stress orientations allows both cross‐faults to rupture
ABSTRACT We show that the extended main-sequence turnoffs seen in intermediate-age Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) clusters, often attributed to age spreads of several 100 Myr, may be easily accounted ...for by variable stellar rotation in a coeval population. We compute synthetic photometry for grids of rotating stellar evolution models and interpolate them to produce isochrones at a variety of rotation rates and orientations. An extended main-sequence turnoff naturally appears in color-magnitude diagrams at ages just under 1 Gyr, peaks in extent between ∼1 and 1.5 Gyr, and gradually disappears by around 2 Gyr in age. We then fit our interpolated isochrones by eye to four LMC clusters with very extended main-sequence turnoffs: NGC 1783, 1806, 1846, and 1987. In each case, stellar populations with a single age and metallicity can comfortably account for the observed extent of the turnoff region. The new stellar models predict almost no correlation of turnoff color with rotational . The red part of the turnoff is populated by a combination of slow rotators and edge-on rapid rotators, while the blue part contains rapid rotators at lower inclinations.
Viaje a La Habana, viaje en el tiempo Rieumont, Ingrid Brioso; Miranda, Para Ernesto Díaz
Cuban studies,
2020, 2020-00-00, Letnik:
49, Številka:
1
Journal Article
ABSTRACT We report on a method, PUSH, for artificially triggering core-collapse supernova explosions of massive stars in spherical symmetry. We explore basic explosion properties and calibrate PUSH ...to reproduce SN 1987A observables. Our simulations are based on the GR hydrodynamics code AGILE combined with the neutrino transport scheme isotropic diffusion source approximation for electron neutrinos and advanced spectral leakage for the heavy flavor neutrinos. To trigger explosions in the otherwise non-exploding simulations, the PUSH method increases the energy deposition in the gain region proportionally to the heavy flavor neutrino fluxes. We explore the progenitor range 18-21 . Our studies reveal a distinction between high compactness (HC; compactness parameter ) and low compactness (LC; ) progenitor models, where LC models tend to explode earlier, with a lower explosion energy, and with a lower remnant mass. HC models are needed to obtain explosion energies around 1 Bethe, as observed for SN 1987A. However, all the models with sufficiently high explosion energy overproduce 56Ni and fallback is needed to reproduce the observed nucleosynthesis yields. 57-58Ni yields depend sensitively on the electron fraction and on the location of the mass cut with respect to the shell structure of the progenitor. We identify a progenitor and a suitable set of parameters that fit the explosion properties of SN 1987A assuming 0.1 of fallback. We predict a neutron star with a gravitational mass of 1.50 . We find correlations between explosion properties and the compactness of the progenitor model in the explored mass range. However, a more complete analysis will require exploring of a larger set of progenitors.
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