Skin denervation has been shown to cause remission of psoriatic lesions in patients, which can reappear if reinnervation occurs. This effect can be induced by the activation of dendritic cells ...through sensory innervation. However, a direct effect of nerves on the proliferation of keratinocytes involved in the formation of psoriatic plaques has not been investigated. We developed, by tissue engineering, a model of psoriatic skin made of patient skin cells that showed increased keratinocyte proliferation and epidermal thickness compared to healthy controls. When this model was treated with CGRP, a neuropeptide released by sensory neurons, an increased keratinocyte proliferation was observed in the psoriatic skin model, but not in the control. When a sensory nerve network was incorporated in the psoriatic model and treated with capsaicin to induce neuropeptide release, an increase of keratinocyte proliferation was confirmed, which was blocked by a CGRP antagonist while no difference was noticed in the innervated healthy control. We showed that sensory neurons can participate directly to keratinocyte hyperproliferation in the formation of psoriatic lesions through the release of CGRP, independently of the immune system. Our unique tissue-engineered innervated psoriatic skin model could be a valuable tool to better understand the mechanism by which nerves may modulate psoriatic lesion formation in humans.
This study shows that keratinocytes extracted from patients’ psoriatic skin retain, at least in part, the disease phenotype. Indeed, when combined in a 3D model of tissue-engineered psoriatic skin, keratinocytes exhibited a higher proliferation rate, and produced a thicker epidermis than a healthy skin control. In addition, their hyperproliferation was aggravated by a treatment with CGRP, a neuropeptide released by sensory nerves. In a innervated model of tissue-engineered psoriatic skin, an increase in keratinocyte hyperproliferation was also observed after inducing neurons to release neuropeptides. This effect was prevented by concomitant treatment with an antagonist to CGRP. Thus, this study shows that sensory nerves can directly participate to affect keratinocyte hyperproliferation in psoriasis through CGRP release.
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•This work proposes a primitive-oriented cloth simulation method for ground filtering of large-scale 3D meshes from airborne platforms.•This method is not affected by low and unbalanced density ...distribution of mesh vertices.•This method does not require a coherent noise-free 3D mesh.•This work presents a labeled dataset for ground filtering on 3D meshes.
Airborne platforms have been improved in the past decade to provide geographic information systems (GISs) with large-scale 3D geographical information. Objectification of such information organized in meshes is a significant challenge for 3D GISs. The ground filtering of 3D meshes is a key step in meeting this challenge, however, its accuracy is highly affected by negative blunders and unbalanced vertex density. This paper proposes a novel method for differentiating ground geometric primitives from realistic 3D meshes based on a cloth simulation filter. Within the method, the fall of a piece of cloth is simulated on a flipped 3D mesh, and the stationary shape of the cloth is considered to be the fitted ground. Utilizing the spatial continuity of meshes, a collision detection based on bounding volume hierarchy is introduced, making the results independent of vertex density. Further, a collision correction based on the scan line and ray casting is proposed to make it applicable to data with negative blunders. The method is assessed quantitatively and visually over several datasets with different vertex densities, scenes, and noise distributions. Results demonstrate that it is a robust method suitable for different landscapes and is not impacted by vertex density and noise.
•A 3D model encryption algorithm (3DME-SC) is proposed.•A 2D chaotic system (2D-LAIC), which has good dynamic behavior, is proposed.•Simulation experiments show that 3DME-SC exhibits good security ...characteristics and effectiveness.
With the birth of the metaverse, 3D models have received extensive attention, and the security of information transmission continues to be an important issue. In this paper, we propose a 3D model encryption method based on a 2D chaotic system constructed via the coupling of the logistic map and infinite collapse (2D-LAIC) and on semi-tensor product (STP) theory. In terms of Lyapunov exponents, NIST test results, bifurcation diagrams, etc., 2D-LAIC exhibits better dynamical behavior than classical chaotic systems. 2D-LAIC can generate an unpredictable keystream, which is highly suitable for cryptography. Therefore, we propose a new 3D model encryption algorithm based on 2D-LAIC, named 3DME-SC. For a 3D model of the floating-point data type, XOR and STP processing are applied to the integer part and fractional part, respectively, of the model to obtain a 3D ciphertext model. The keystream required for XOR and STP processing is generated by 2D-LAIC. The results of a detailed security analysis and a comparative experimental analysis show that 3DME-SC exhibits good performance and effectiveness.
(Code: https://github.com/Gao5211996/3D-model-encryption)
Acoustic holography (AH), a promising approach for cell patterning, emerges as a powerful tool for constructing novel invitro 3D models that mimic organs and cancers features. However, understanding ...changes in cell function post-AH remains limited. Furthermore, replicating complex physiological and pathological processes solely with cell lines proves challenging. Here, we employed acoustical holographic lattice to assemble primary hepatocytes directly isolated from mice into a cell cluster matrix to construct a liver-shaped tissue sample. For the first time, we evaluated the liver functions of AH-patterned primary hepatocytes. The patterned model exhibited large numbers of self-assembled spheroids and superior multifarious core hepatocyte functions compared to cells in 2D and traditional 3D culture models. AH offers a robust protocol for long-term in vitro culture of primary cells, underscoring its potential for future applications in disease pathogenesis research, drug testing, and organ replacement therapy.
In the past, in vitro studies of invasion and tumor progression were performed primarily using cancer cells cultured on a flat, two‐dimensional (2D) surface in a monolayer. In recent years, however, ...many studies have demonstrated differences in cell signaling and cell migration between 2D and 3D cell cultures. Traditional 2D monolayer cancer cell invasion models do not fully recapitulate 3D cell‐to‐cell and cell−to−extracellular matrix interactions that in vivo models can provide. Moreover, although in vivo animal models are irreplaceable for studying tumor biology and metastasis, they are costly, time‐consuming, and impractical for answering preliminary questions. Thus, emergent and evolving 3D spheroid cell culture models have changed the way we study tumors and their interactions with their surrounding extracellular matrix. In the case of breast cancer, metastasis of breast cancer tumors results in high mortality rates, and thus development of robust cell culture models that are reproducible and practical for studying breast cancer progression is important for ultimately developing preventatives for cancer metastasis. This article provides a set of protocols for generating uniform spheroids with a thin sheet of basement membrane for studying the initial invasion of mammary epithelial cells into a surrounding collagen‐rich extracellular matrix. Details are provided for generating 3D spheroids with a basement membrane, polymerizing collagen I, embedding the spheroids in the 3D collagen gel, and immunostaining the spheroids for invasion studies. Published 2020. U.S. Government.
Basic Protocol 1: Growth of uniformly sized tumor spheroids with an encapsulating basement membrane
Basic Protocol 2: Polymerization and embedding of tumor spheroids in a 3D type I collagen gel
Alternate Protocol: Embedding of tumor spheroids in collagen gels using a sandwich method
Basic Protocol 3: Fixing and immunostaining of tumor spheroids embedded in 3D collagen gels
Recently, multispectral images can be captured not only from satellite sensors but also from cameras. Hence, using the photogrammetric approach, multispectral images can be manipulated to generate a ...three-dimensional model. The main issues regarding multispectral images were the low visibilities of the image features. Moreover, the tie point extractions on multispectral images were still in doubt. Hence, this paper examines the capabilities of the SIFT algorithm to extract feature points from multispectral images and generate the point cloud from the extracted feature points. This study chose a pothole as the subject of this research. The red, red edge, green, and near-infrared bands from the Parrot Sequoia camera were used to generate the pothole model. All captured images were processed using structure-from-motion (SfM) with Multi-View Stereo (MVS) technique. This study records the feature points extraction result and analysis of the pothole model and discuss it in this paper.
3D model security protection has become increasingly essential due to its wide engineering applications. Encryption is a common method to protect 3D models. Jansent et al. recently proposed a novel ...encryption method for 3D models by introducing hierarchical decryption to allow differential visual effects after decryption, in which some bits are selected to form three blocks and then encrypted separately. However, this method does not support the adaptive combination of visual effects, potentially limiting its ability to meet diverse requirements. To this end, we propose a 3D model encryption method supporting adaptive visual effects after decryption, in which some bits of the vertex coordinate value can flexibly be extracted within a reasonable range. Meanwhile, we accordingly optimize some steps in the method and redefine visual security levels to accurately outline how much visual information can be accessed by authorized users. Experimental results show that our method supports adaptively combining different visual effects during decryption while reducing the time cost.
Hula Accessories Design for Prototype Software Ikeda, Satoshi; Nakahara, Takumi; Takei, Amane ...
Journal of Robotics, Networking and Artificial Life,
2023, Letnik:
10, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
There are two main types of hula: classical hula ``kahiko'' and modern hula ``auana.'' Music, costumes, and accessories are essential to hula. Auana, in particular, is a dance set to music played ...with Western instruments and can express various aspects of mythology, history, and Hawaiian culture. The costumes and accessories worn by the dancers are designed to match the music. We thought that if we could freely design costumes and accessories on a computer and simulate the finished product, we would be able to create a design that was more in line with the dancer's image. This research focused on ornaments and developed a new CAD system as a result of basic research to develop a CAD system for designing "lei", one of these ornaments.
Unsupervised 3D model analysis has attracted tremendous attentions with the increasing growth of 3D model data and the extensive human annotations. Many effective methods have been designed to ...address the 3D model analysis with labeled information, while rare methods devote to unsupervised deep learning due to the difficulty of mining reliable information. In this paper, we propose a novel unsupervised deep learning method named joint local correlation and global contextual information (LCGC) for 3D model retrieval and classification, which mines the reliable triplet set and uses triplet loss to optimize the deep neural network. Our method proposes two schemes: 1) Local self-correlation information learning, which adopts the intra and inter information to construct the view-level triplet set. 2) Global neighbor contextual information learning, which employs the neighbor contextual information to explore the reliable relations among 3D models and construct the model-level triplet set. The above schemes encourage that the selected triple set can been used to improve the discrimination of learned features. Extensive evaluations on two large-scale datasets, ModelNet40 and ShapeNet55, have demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Present article deals with the free vibration response of composite plates which are reinforced with graphene platelets (GPLs). Each layer of the composite media may have different amount of graphene ...platelets which leads to a functionally graded (FG) pattern. Elastic modulus of the reinforced composite (RC) is evaluated based on the Halpin-Tsai model which captures the dimensions of the reinforcement. Following a quasi-3D plate model which captures the thickness stretching effects and non-uniform shear strains through the thickness, the complete set of governing equations dealing with free vibration response of the plate are obtained. These equations are six in number since the adopted plate theory has six unknowns. With the aid of the Navier solution suitable for plates with all edges simply supported, Fourier expansions are implemented for the essential variables of the displacement field. Closed form expressions are given to obtain the natural frequencies of FG-GPLRC plates. Present results may be valid for arbitrary thick plates. Results of the present study are compared with the available data in the open literature. After that novel results are given to obtain the frequencies of FG-GPLRC plates with arbitrary thickness. It is shown thatthe adopted theory accurately estimates the frequencies of FG-GPLRC plates.
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