•Structured light scans of mirrors can be used to simulate virtual mirror surfaces.•The simulation of mirrors, particularly convex mirrors, can be improved.•This is an accurate method for the ...simulation of the FOVs of mirrors.
3D reconstructions of motor vehicle collisions are used to identify the causes of these events and to identify potential violations of traffic regulations. Thus far, the reconstruction of mirrors has been a problem since they are often based on approximations or inaccurate data. Our aim with this paper was to confirm that structured light scans of a mirror improve the accuracy of simulating the field of view of mirrors.
We analyzed the performances of virtual mirror surfaces based on structured light scans using real mirror surfaces and their reflections as references. We used an ATOS GOM III scanner to scan the mirrors and processed the 3D data using Geomagic Wrap. For scene reconstruction and to generate virtual images, we used 3ds Max. We compared the simulated virtual images and photographs of real scenes using Adobe Photoshop.
Our results showed that we achieved clear and even mirror results and that the mirrors behaved as expected. The greatest measured deviation between an original photo and the corresponding virtual image was 20 pixels in the transverse direction for an image width of 4256 pixels.
We discussed the influences of data processing and alignment of the 3D models on the results. The study was limited to a distance of 1.6m, and the method was not able to simulate an interior mirror.
In conclusion, structured light scans of mirror surfaces can be used to simulate virtual mirror surfaces with regard to 3D motor vehicle collision reconstruction.
Virtual reality technology has been widely used by constructing a virtual space to simulate and restore the real world. The system uses 3ds MAX and Unity3D software to establish a 500kV substation ...virtual simulation system. The system completely establishes the 3D models of primary and secondary equipment of 500kV substations, and truly restores the overall layout of the substations. At the same time, the Unity3D engine, VR technology and interactive equipment are used at the same time to make this system able to provide trainees with an immersive training experience, which is more realistic than the application over the same period. The system completes the realization of substation training, station roaming and fault simulation functions, including substation equipment technical parameter display and synchronous voice introduction, interface design, basic operation, and fault phenomenon simulation; the infrastructure of the system is developed well and has strong expandability, which lays a foundation for subsequent function development. This system satisfies the substation training needs and can be used for related staff training of substations and to help students in electrical major to gain cognitive learning.
This article compares daylight simulation results generated with two simulation programs, Autodesk® 3ds Max® Design 2009 (3ds Max Design) and Daysim 3.0 (Daysim), to indoor illuminance measurements ...in a sidelit space. The sidelit space was in a single location, but was configured with five fenestration and glazing options, and operated under a variety of sky conditions. The measurements form a set of 'daylighting test cases' that were recently developed to evaluate the simulation capabilities and limitations of different daylight simulation programs. Both 3ds Max Design and Daysim were given external direct and diffuse irradiances as simulation input, from which the programs predicted indoor illuminances on a grid of upward facing work plane sensors and downward facing ceiling sensors.
3ds Max Design is based on Exposure™ technology, a lighting analysis module that includes a 'shader' of the Perez sky model and that uses the mental ray® raytracer for the global illumination calculation. Daysim also uses the Perez sky model and is based on the Radiance backward raytracer combined with a daylight coefficient approach. The comparison of both programs with measurements demonstrated that 3ds Max Design simulated indoor illuminances for the daylighting test cases with reliability comparable to Daysim. Most mean bias errors and root mean square errors were in the range of those reported in earlier validation studies: both programs succeeded in reproducing measurements for a sidelit space with and without a lightshelf. While 3ds Max Design consistently underestimated the incoming light flux going through a translucent panel, Daysim results were lower than measurements for the internal venetian blind test case. The results suggest that the accuracy of both programs is sufficient for typical daylighting design investigations of spaces with complexity comparable to the five daylighting test cases.
Aufnahmeposition von Smartphone-Fotos Buße, K.; Buck, U.; Schyma, C. ...
Rechtsmedizin (Berlin, Germany),
04/2020, Letnik:
30, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Zusammenfassung
Eine Frau gab gegenüber der Polizei an, sie sei von zwei Unbekannten an einen Holzstapel gefesselt und anschließend mit ihrem eigenen Smartphone fotografiert worden. Anlässlich einer ...Tatrekonstruktion vor Ort fertigte die Polizei mittels eines Smartphones zwei Fotos aus der von der Frau angegebenen damaligen Aufnahmeposition an. Eine photogrammetrische Auswertung und Berechnung der Aufnahmepositionen der Tat- und Vergleichsfotos ergab, dass sich die ermittelte Aufnahmeposition des Tatfotos signifikant von denen der Vergleichsfotos unterscheidet. Die Aufnahmeposition des Tatfotos legt nahe, dass sich das Smartphone näher über dem Waldboden befunden hat als von der Frau angegeben. Die hier beschrieben Methode zur photogrammetrischen Auswertung von Smartphone-Fotos ist einfach anzuwenden und vielseitig einsetzbar.
The imperative part of strong displaying in virtual reality framework is to improve the movement of a user with definitive movement control in genuine intelligent condition. In a real environment ...motion characteristic is based on sensors and servomechanisms where as in virtual reality systems the motion fundamentals are kinematic in nature. To achieve physically correct interactivity suitable dynamic constraints, should be imposed which can be obtained by augmented reality interface. Beyond input and output hardware, the underlying software plays a very important role in virtual reality systems. It is responsible for the managing of input/output devices, analysing incoming data and generating proper feedback. This research paper focusses on movement displaying for connection between CAD models and Virtual Reality Models using 3ds Max 2017 and Unity 3d softwares. The paper portrays different equipment arrangement of sensors and Arduino for virtual reality welding.
•Transformation of scan data recorded in upright standing posture into the characteristic posture of utilization.•Highly automated method with little time effort and without specific programming ...knowledge.•Excellent conjunction of esthetic and technical design.•Increased objectivity in the development process.•The requirements regarding anatomical correctness are fulfilled by type of the kinematic template model structure on MRI data.
Product development in the garment industry is an iterative, empirical process, since no kinematic human models are available for the design/construction of functional and/or fashionable products. The required body measurements result from serial measurements with body scanners, in which the persons' data are recorded in upright standing posture. Particularly the product development for medical/orthopedic applications, sports or protection clothing require a high functionality and consideration of the characteristic posture of utilization. To achieve different body postures, a highly automated method was developed to transfer kinematic information on the scanned 3d surface data of individuals or size-specific standard figures. These surface data are extended not only by a skeleton but as well by muscle groups with constraints and rules for the motion to create a kinematic template, which can adapt automatically to different body postures.
Modular construction is a dominant manufacturing method for industrial construction in Alberta, Canada. Modularization requires large-capacity mobile cranes to lift heavy modules, such as piperack ...modules. The current practice utilizes AutoCAD to generate heavy lift studies for modular onsite installations. Heavy lift studies consist of 2D and 3D simulations of the lifting scenarios, along with the corresponding calculations (e.g., lifting capacity checking, ground bearing pressure checking). These static simulations provide snapshots of mobile cranes at pick and set configurations, but they do not represent the movements between the two configurations. For better communication among site engineers and crews, current static heavy lift studies need to be improved by animating the entire lifting process. 3ds Max is an animation tool that can visualize the lifting process, but the tedious and manual process of preparing the animation restricts efficiency and productivity. This research thus introduces a newly developed animation system that automates the transfer of heavy lift studies from AutoCAD into Autodesk 3ds Max animation. Also in this research, the kinetics of mobile cranes are studied and generic crane movements are defined. Using MAXScript, a script is written to link the crane and project database for automatic generating of animations. This research aims to provide the construction industry with a generic method for automating the animation process for heavy lifts based on AutoCAD and 3ds Max systems.
1 Today, you can simply come from 2D drawings to 3D model. ...it is important that the time needed is reduced to a minimum. ...it is often applied in architecture projects. ...today it is very easy ...to get 3D model from 2D drawing. ...the question is which program to use for this part of the process. Total time spent in 3ds Max is 64 minutes, which is as twice as high than time spent in Aut°CAD (28 minutes). ...if the plan of the object is simple and polygonal, it is recommended that 2D drawings and 3D model are done in Aut°CAD, and render in 3ds Max.
3ds Max 2011 Bible Murdock, Kelly L
2010, 2010., 2010-07-06, c2010, Letnik:
674
eBook
Updated version of the bestselling 3ds Max book on the marketUsed by more than 150,000 people, and the winner of more than 65 industry awards, 3ds Max is the world's most popular animation modeling ...and rendering software for film, television, video games, and design visualization. 3ds Max Bibleis the world’s most popular book for getting the most out of the software. Whether a novice looking to create something immediately using the Quick Start tutorial, or an experienced 3ds Max user who simply wants to check out the software's latest and greatest features, this update to the bestselling 3ds Max book on the market continues to be the most comprehensive reference on this highly complex application.Packed with expert advice, timesaving tips, and more than 150 step-by-step tutorials16-page color insert highlights the work of some of today’s most cutting-edge 3D artistsIncludes a companion DVD with a searchable, full-color version of the 3ds Max Bible, as well as customizable models and texturesThe only comprehensive reference-tutorial on 3ds Max, it's no wonder the 3ds Max Bibleis the bestselling 3ds Max book in the world and a favorite of both amateur and professional animators.Note:CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.
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