Introduction and hypothesis
To evaluate the effect of levator ani muscle (LAM) injury on pelvic floor disorders and health-related quality of life in Chinese primiparous women during the first year ...after delivery.
Methods
At 8 weeks and 12 months after delivery, 328 women were assessed for symptoms of pelvic floor disorders and quality of life using the standardised questionnaire, POP-Q; and translabial ultrasound to detect LAM injury. Descriptive analysis, independent sample
t
test, non-parametric testing, Chi-squared test and two-sided Fisher’s exact test were used.
Results
At 8 weeks after delivery, 48 (19.0 % 95 % CI, 14.2–23.8 %) women with vaginal delivery had LAM injury; 38 women (79.2 %) had persistent LAM injury at 12 months. At 8 weeks, LAM injury was associated with prolapse symptoms, descent at Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) Aa and Ba points and a higher Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory (POPDI) general and Urinary Distress Inventory (UDI) Obstructive subscale score. At 12 months, it was not associated with prolapse symptoms, Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI) or Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ). There was also no association between stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), mixed urinary incontinence (UI), faecal incontinence (FI) with LAM injury at both time points.
Conclusions
Seventy-nine per cent of women who had LAM injury at 8 weeks after vaginal delivery had persistent LAM injury at 12 months. LAM injury was associated with prolapse symptoms, lower POP-Q Aa and Ba points at 8 weeks after delivery and a higher POPDI general and UDI Obstructive subscale scoring. However, we are not able to confirm the association between LAM injury and SUI, UUI, mixed UI, FI at 8 weeks or 12 months after delivery; or prolapse symptoms, PFDI or PFIQ scores at 12 months after delivery.
More than 2 000 yeast strains isolated from 1 200 samples mostly collected from Tibet and Yunnan provinces in China were identified as 462 species according to the internal transcribed spacer ...including the 5.8S rDNA (ITS) and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rDNA (LSU) sequence analyses. Among them, 70 new basidiomycetous yeast species were proposed based on the multi-locus phylogenetic analyses including the D1/D2 domains, the ITS, the small subunit rDNA (SSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II ( RPB1 ), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II ( RPB2 ) and translation elongation factor 1-α ( TEF1 ), as well as the phenotypic comparisons. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis with the genomic metric was also used in the evaluation of the species delimitation for the genera Holtermannia , Mrakia and Takashimella that contain closely related species with low sequence heterogeneity in both ITS and D1/D2 regions. Forty-six new species belonged to 16 genera in the Agaricomycotina , 13 new species occurred in 12 genera in the Pucciniomycotina , three new species were distributed in three genera in the Ustilaginomycotina , and eight new species were classified in seven newly established genera. One new family was also proposed based on one of these new genera. The analyses revealed several inaccurate species names attributed to genomes deposited in GenBank, indicating the necessity of a more rigorous quality checks of the genomes deposited in the public databases.
Abstract
An antimicrobial producing Gram-positive, aerobic, nonmotile, and filamentous actinobacterial strain SKN60T was isolated from soil The isolate exhibited 99.3% and 99.0% identity with ...Streptomyces laurentii ATCC 31255T and S. roseicoloratus TRM 44457T, respectively, in 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. However, the genome sequence displayed maximum ANI (88.45%) and AAI (85.61%) with S. roseicoloratus TRM 44457T. Similarly, the dDDH showed 33.7% identity with S. roseicoloratus TRM 44457T. It formed a cluster with S. roseicoloratus TRM 44457T and S. laurentii ATCC 31255T in phylogenomic tree. Cell wall analysis revealed the presence of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine as major polar lipids and diaminopimelic acid as diagnostic diamino acid. Major fatty acids were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, and iso-C16:0. The G+C content was found to be 72.3 mol%. Genome sequence analysis using antiSMASH database showed occurrence of a thiopeptide biosynthesis gene cluster with 94% similarity to berninamycin from S. bernensis UC5144. The mass of 1146 Da is identical with berninamycin. But subtle differences observed in leader peptide sequence of thiopeptide and berninamycin. Notably, S. bernensis is not validly reported and thus SKN60T is the only strain containing berninamycin BGC as no other phylogenetic relative had it. Additionally, strain SKN60T differed in phenotypic and genetic characteristics with all phylogenetic relatives of the genus Streptomyces. Therefore, it is proposed as a novel species with the name Streptomyces terrae sp. nov. strain SKN60T (=MTCC 13163T; = JCM 35768T).
Thiopeptide producing Streptomyces terrae SKN60T sp. nov.
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